AIM: To examine the correlation between the porto-systemic hypertension evaluated by portal shunt index (PSI) and life-threatening complications, Including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), liver failure (Child-Pugh sta...AIM: To examine the correlation between the porto-systemic hypertension evaluated by portal shunt index (PSI) and life-threatening complications, Including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), liver failure (Child-Pugh stage progression),and esophagogastric varices.METHODS: Two hundred and twelve consecutive subjects with HCV-related cirrhosis (LC-C) underwent per-rectal portal scintigraphy. They were allocated into three groups aocording to their PSI: group Ⅰ, PSI≤10%; group Ⅱ, 10%<PSI<30%;and group Ⅲ, 30%≤PSI. Of these, selected 122 Child-Pugh stage A (Child A) subjects were included in analysis (a mean follow-up period of 5.9±5.4 years, range 6 mo-21 years).RESULTS: No significant correlation between PSI and cumulative probability of HCC Incidence was observed.Cumulative probability of Child A to B progression was tended to be higher in group Ⅲ than in group Ⅰ, and significantly higher in group Ⅲ than in group Ⅱ (62% vs 34%, 62% vs 37%; P = 0.060, <0.01; respectively).Cumulative probability of varices tended to be higher In group Ⅲ than in group Ⅰ (31% vs 12%, P = 0.090). On multivariate analyses, significant correlation between PSI and Child A to B progression was observed, and no significant correlation between PSI and HCC incidence or varices progression was observed.CONCLUSION: Patients with LC-C of Child A will progress to Child B rapidly after their PSI reaches 30% or higher.PSI can be used to predict occult progressive porto-systemic shunting and liver failure non-invasively. It indicates that PSI may play an important role in follow-up of the portosystemic hypertension gradient for outpatients with LC unlike hepatic venous catheterization.展开更多
Conventional medicine-based Chinese herbal prescriptions,have fascinated much attention due to their extensive and unique diversity of biological effects without toxicity and/or adverse effects.Treatment with Hachimi-...Conventional medicine-based Chinese herbal prescriptions,have fascinated much attention due to their extensive and unique diversity of biological effects without toxicity and/or adverse effects.Treatment with Hachimi-jio-gan(Ba-Wei-Di-Huang-Wan in Chinese)improved the dysregulated levels of hyperglycemic condition-related oxidative stress generation,advanced glycation endproduct generation,and renal function parameters.These results indicate that Hachimi-jio-gan is a prospective therapeutic agent against the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy.Cornel iridoid glycosides and polyphenol are the active compounds of Corni Fructus,the active component of Hachimi-jio-gan,against kidney damage caused by diabetes.Additionally,major components of the Corni Fructus,morroniside and 7-O-Galloyl-D-sedoheptulose(GS)are considered to be important contributors to prevent and/or delay the onset of kidney damage caused by diabetes.Chief of all,GS is expected to be developed as a novel therapeutic drug for the diabetes-accelerated kidney damage.展开更多
The surface water samples were collected in river Dahe and its tributaries, which flow into severely eutrophic lake Dianchi, Yunnan Province, China, in order to elucidate factors controlling water quality fluctuations...The surface water samples were collected in river Dahe and its tributaries, which flow into severely eutrophic lake Dianchi, Yunnan Province, China, in order to elucidate factors controlling water quality fluctuations. The temporal and spatial distribution of water quality tendency was observed. The water quality of each river is dependent on the hydrology effect such water gate and circulating irrigation system. We must consider the hydrology effect to accurately understand water quality variations of river in this study field. In river without highly circulating irrigation system or water gate effect, the downstream nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N) concentration increase occurred in area dominated by open field cultivation, whereas the NO3-N concentration was constant or decreased in area dominated by greenhouse land use. This result suggests that greenhouse covers the soil from precipitation, and nitrate load of greenhouse could be less than that of open field cultivation while the rainfall event. In the upper reaches of river, where is dominated by open field cultivation, there were no sharp increase dissolved molybdate reactive phosphorus and total phosphorus concentration, but P load was accumulated in the lower reaches of river, whose predominant land use is greenhouse. Although the P sources is unclear in this study, greenhouse area may have potential of P loads due to its high P content in greenhouse soil. Considering hydrology effect is necessary to determine what the major factor is influencing the water quality variation, especially in area with highly complicated irrigation system in this studying site.展开更多
Semen analysis has long been used to evaluate male fertility.Recently,several sperm function tests have been developed.Of those,the sperm DNA fragmentation index(DFI),which describes the status of the sperm DNA,is tho...Semen analysis has long been used to evaluate male fertility.Recently,several sperm function tests have been developed.Of those,the sperm DNA fragmentation index(DFI),which describes the status of the sperm DNA,is thought to be a suitable parameter for evaluating male fertility.However,there have been no large-scale studies on the sperm DFI of Japanese men.Therefore,we investigated the feasibility of using an in-house flow cytometry-based sperm DFI analysis based on the sperm DNA fragmentation test of sperm chromatin structure assay(SCSA)to assess male fertility in Japan.This study enrolled 743 infertile and 20 fertile Japanese men.To evaluate reproducibility,inter-and intraobserver precision was analyzed.A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to set a cutoff value for the sperm DFI to identify men who could father children by timed intercourse or intrauterine insemination.The variability of the sperm DFI among fertile volunteers was determined.The relationship between semen parameters and the sperm DFI was assessed by Spearman’s rho test.A precision analysis revealed good reproducibility of the sperm DFI.The cutoff value of sperm DNA fragmentation in infertile men was 24.0%.Semen volume had no relationship with the sperm DFI.Sperm concentration,sperm motility,total motile sperm count,and percentage of normal-shaped sperm were significantly and negatively correlated with the sperm DFI.The median sperm DFI was smaller in fertile volunteers(7.7%)than that in infertile men(19.4%).Sperm DNA fragmentation analysis can be used to assess sperm functions that cannot be evaluated by ordinary semen analysis.展开更多
基金Supported by the Study Group of Portal Malcirculation supported by Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare
文摘AIM: To examine the correlation between the porto-systemic hypertension evaluated by portal shunt index (PSI) and life-threatening complications, Including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), liver failure (Child-Pugh stage progression),and esophagogastric varices.METHODS: Two hundred and twelve consecutive subjects with HCV-related cirrhosis (LC-C) underwent per-rectal portal scintigraphy. They were allocated into three groups aocording to their PSI: group Ⅰ, PSI≤10%; group Ⅱ, 10%<PSI<30%;and group Ⅲ, 30%≤PSI. Of these, selected 122 Child-Pugh stage A (Child A) subjects were included in analysis (a mean follow-up period of 5.9±5.4 years, range 6 mo-21 years).RESULTS: No significant correlation between PSI and cumulative probability of HCC Incidence was observed.Cumulative probability of Child A to B progression was tended to be higher in group Ⅲ than in group Ⅰ, and significantly higher in group Ⅲ than in group Ⅱ (62% vs 34%, 62% vs 37%; P = 0.060, <0.01; respectively).Cumulative probability of varices tended to be higher In group Ⅲ than in group Ⅰ (31% vs 12%, P = 0.090). On multivariate analyses, significant correlation between PSI and Child A to B progression was observed, and no significant correlation between PSI and HCC incidence or varices progression was observed.CONCLUSION: Patients with LC-C of Child A will progress to Child B rapidly after their PSI reaches 30% or higher.PSI can be used to predict occult progressive porto-systemic shunting and liver failure non-invasively. It indicates that PSI may play an important role in follow-up of the portosystemic hypertension gradient for outpatients with LC unlike hepatic venous catheterization.
文摘Conventional medicine-based Chinese herbal prescriptions,have fascinated much attention due to their extensive and unique diversity of biological effects without toxicity and/or adverse effects.Treatment with Hachimi-jio-gan(Ba-Wei-Di-Huang-Wan in Chinese)improved the dysregulated levels of hyperglycemic condition-related oxidative stress generation,advanced glycation endproduct generation,and renal function parameters.These results indicate that Hachimi-jio-gan is a prospective therapeutic agent against the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy.Cornel iridoid glycosides and polyphenol are the active compounds of Corni Fructus,the active component of Hachimi-jio-gan,against kidney damage caused by diabetes.Additionally,major components of the Corni Fructus,morroniside and 7-O-Galloyl-D-sedoheptulose(GS)are considered to be important contributors to prevent and/or delay the onset of kidney damage caused by diabetes.Chief of all,GS is expected to be developed as a novel therapeutic drug for the diabetes-accelerated kidney damage.
基金supported by Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A) 21255007
文摘The surface water samples were collected in river Dahe and its tributaries, which flow into severely eutrophic lake Dianchi, Yunnan Province, China, in order to elucidate factors controlling water quality fluctuations. The temporal and spatial distribution of water quality tendency was observed. The water quality of each river is dependent on the hydrology effect such water gate and circulating irrigation system. We must consider the hydrology effect to accurately understand water quality variations of river in this study field. In river without highly circulating irrigation system or water gate effect, the downstream nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N) concentration increase occurred in area dominated by open field cultivation, whereas the NO3-N concentration was constant or decreased in area dominated by greenhouse land use. This result suggests that greenhouse covers the soil from precipitation, and nitrate load of greenhouse could be less than that of open field cultivation while the rainfall event. In the upper reaches of river, where is dominated by open field cultivation, there were no sharp increase dissolved molybdate reactive phosphorus and total phosphorus concentration, but P load was accumulated in the lower reaches of river, whose predominant land use is greenhouse. Although the P sources is unclear in this study, greenhouse area may have potential of P loads due to its high P content in greenhouse soil. Considering hydrology effect is necessary to determine what the major factor is influencing the water quality variation, especially in area with highly complicated irrigation system in this studying site.
基金The authors received funding from the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development(AMED,grant No.17930555)for this work.
文摘Semen analysis has long been used to evaluate male fertility.Recently,several sperm function tests have been developed.Of those,the sperm DNA fragmentation index(DFI),which describes the status of the sperm DNA,is thought to be a suitable parameter for evaluating male fertility.However,there have been no large-scale studies on the sperm DFI of Japanese men.Therefore,we investigated the feasibility of using an in-house flow cytometry-based sperm DFI analysis based on the sperm DNA fragmentation test of sperm chromatin structure assay(SCSA)to assess male fertility in Japan.This study enrolled 743 infertile and 20 fertile Japanese men.To evaluate reproducibility,inter-and intraobserver precision was analyzed.A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to set a cutoff value for the sperm DFI to identify men who could father children by timed intercourse or intrauterine insemination.The variability of the sperm DFI among fertile volunteers was determined.The relationship between semen parameters and the sperm DFI was assessed by Spearman’s rho test.A precision analysis revealed good reproducibility of the sperm DFI.The cutoff value of sperm DNA fragmentation in infertile men was 24.0%.Semen volume had no relationship with the sperm DFI.Sperm concentration,sperm motility,total motile sperm count,and percentage of normal-shaped sperm were significantly and negatively correlated with the sperm DFI.The median sperm DFI was smaller in fertile volunteers(7.7%)than that in infertile men(19.4%).Sperm DNA fragmentation analysis can be used to assess sperm functions that cannot be evaluated by ordinary semen analysis.