Grafted fibrous polymer with quaternary amine groups could function as a highly-efficient catalyst for biodiesel fuel (BDF) production. In this study, the optimization of grafted fibrous polymer (catalyst) and transes...Grafted fibrous polymer with quaternary amine groups could function as a highly-efficient catalyst for biodiesel fuel (BDF) production. In this study, the optimization of grafted fibrous polymer (catalyst) and transesterification conditions for the effective BDF production was attempted through a batch-wise transesterification of triglyceride (TG) with ethanol (EtOH) in the presence of a cosolvent. Trimethylamine was the optimal quaternary amine group for the grafted fibrous catalyst. The optimal degree of grafting of the grafted fibrous catalyst was greater than 170%. The optimal transesterification conditions were as follows: The optimal molar quantity of quaternary amine groups, transesterification temperature, molar ratio of TG and EtOH, and primary alkyl alcohol were 0.8 mmol, 80°C, 1:200, and 1-pentanol, respectively. The grafted fibrous catalyst could be applied to BDF production using natural oils. Furthermore, the grafted fibrous catalyst could be used repeatedly after regeneration involving three sequential processes, i.e., organic acid, alkali, and alcohol treatments, without any significant loss of catalytic activity.展开更多
To obtain the safety of drinking water, an antibacterial material was prepared by loading silver (Ag) onto fibrous iminodiacetate (IDA) adsorbent, which was synthesized by radiation-induced graft polymerization of gly...To obtain the safety of drinking water, an antibacterial material was prepared by loading silver (Ag) onto fibrous iminodiacetate (IDA) adsorbent, which was synthesized by radiation-induced graft polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate and subsequent chemical modification of the produced epoxy group to an IDA group (IDA-Ag). A total amount of loaded Ag on the IDA-Ag fabric was 0.4 mmol-Ag/g-fabric. From an observation of the IDA-Ag fabric cross section by a scanning electron microscope energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer, Ag was distributed to IDA layer uniformly. As a result of evaluating antibacterial effects by the column mode water flow test with stream water, the effective Ag concentration was monitored 0.05 ppm at irrespective flow rate which was functioned to the antibacterial performance. The antibacterial effects for general bacteria were indicated until BV (BV: steam water volume/IDA-Ag fabric volume) 6000, and for colitis germ legions were completely disinfected until BV 6000.展开更多
文摘Grafted fibrous polymer with quaternary amine groups could function as a highly-efficient catalyst for biodiesel fuel (BDF) production. In this study, the optimization of grafted fibrous polymer (catalyst) and transesterification conditions for the effective BDF production was attempted through a batch-wise transesterification of triglyceride (TG) with ethanol (EtOH) in the presence of a cosolvent. Trimethylamine was the optimal quaternary amine group for the grafted fibrous catalyst. The optimal degree of grafting of the grafted fibrous catalyst was greater than 170%. The optimal transesterification conditions were as follows: The optimal molar quantity of quaternary amine groups, transesterification temperature, molar ratio of TG and EtOH, and primary alkyl alcohol were 0.8 mmol, 80°C, 1:200, and 1-pentanol, respectively. The grafted fibrous catalyst could be applied to BDF production using natural oils. Furthermore, the grafted fibrous catalyst could be used repeatedly after regeneration involving three sequential processes, i.e., organic acid, alkali, and alcohol treatments, without any significant loss of catalytic activity.
文摘To obtain the safety of drinking water, an antibacterial material was prepared by loading silver (Ag) onto fibrous iminodiacetate (IDA) adsorbent, which was synthesized by radiation-induced graft polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate and subsequent chemical modification of the produced epoxy group to an IDA group (IDA-Ag). A total amount of loaded Ag on the IDA-Ag fabric was 0.4 mmol-Ag/g-fabric. From an observation of the IDA-Ag fabric cross section by a scanning electron microscope energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer, Ag was distributed to IDA layer uniformly. As a result of evaluating antibacterial effects by the column mode water flow test with stream water, the effective Ag concentration was monitored 0.05 ppm at irrespective flow rate which was functioned to the antibacterial performance. The antibacterial effects for general bacteria were indicated until BV (BV: steam water volume/IDA-Ag fabric volume) 6000, and for colitis germ legions were completely disinfected until BV 6000.
