Blooming seasonality is an important trait in ornamental plants and was selected by humans.Wild roses flower only in spring whereas most cultivated modern roses can flower continuously.This trait is explained by a mut...Blooming seasonality is an important trait in ornamental plants and was selected by humans.Wild roses flower only in spring whereas most cultivated modern roses can flower continuously.This trait is explained by a mutation of a floral repressor gene,RoKSN,a TFL1 homologue.In this work,we studied the origin,the diversity and the selection of the RoKSN gene.We analyzed 270 accessions,including wild and old cultivated Asian and European roses as well as modern roses.By sequencing the RoKSN gene,we proposed that the allele responsible for continuous-flowering,RoKSN copia,originated from Chinese wild roses(Indicae section),with a recent insertion of the copia element.Old cultivated Asian roses with the RoKSN copia allele were introduced in Europe,and the RoKSN copia allele was progressively selected during the 19th and 20th centuries,leading to continuous-flowering modern roses.Furthermore,we detected a new allele,RoKSN A181,leading to a weak reblooming.This allele encodes a functional floral repressor and is responsible for a moderate accumulation of RoKSN transcripts.A transient selection of this RoKSN A181 allele was observed during the 19th century.Our work highlights the selection of different alleles at the RoKSN locus for recurrent blooming in rose.展开更多
Prickles are common structures in plants that play a key role in defense against herbivores.In the Rosa genus,prickles are widely present with great diversity in terms of form and density.For cut rose production,prick...Prickles are common structures in plants that play a key role in defense against herbivores.In the Rosa genus,prickles are widely present with great diversity in terms of form and density.For cut rose production,prickles represent an important issue,as they can damage the flower and injure workers.Our objectives were to precisely describe the types of prickles that exist in roses,their tissues of origin and their development.We performed a detailed histological analysis of prickle initiation and development in a rose F1 population.Based on the prickle investigation of 110 roses,we proposed the fi rst categorization of prickles in the Rosa genus.They are mainly divided into two categories,nonglandular prickles(NGPs)and glandular prickles(GPs),and subcategories were defined based on the presence/absence of hairs and branches.We demonstrated that NGPs and GPs both originate from multiple cells ofthe ground meristem beneath the protoderm.For GPs,the gland cells originate from the protoderm of the GP at the early developmental stage.Our findings clearly demonstrate that prickles are notmodified trichomes(which originate from the protoderm).These conclusions are different from the current mainstream hypothesis.These results provide a foundation for further studies on prickle initiation and development in plants.展开更多
文摘Blooming seasonality is an important trait in ornamental plants and was selected by humans.Wild roses flower only in spring whereas most cultivated modern roses can flower continuously.This trait is explained by a mutation of a floral repressor gene,RoKSN,a TFL1 homologue.In this work,we studied the origin,the diversity and the selection of the RoKSN gene.We analyzed 270 accessions,including wild and old cultivated Asian and European roses as well as modern roses.By sequencing the RoKSN gene,we proposed that the allele responsible for continuous-flowering,RoKSN copia,originated from Chinese wild roses(Indicae section),with a recent insertion of the copia element.Old cultivated Asian roses with the RoKSN copia allele were introduced in Europe,and the RoKSN copia allele was progressively selected during the 19th and 20th centuries,leading to continuous-flowering modern roses.Furthermore,we detected a new allele,RoKSN A181,leading to a weak reblooming.This allele encodes a functional floral repressor and is responsible for a moderate accumulation of RoKSN transcripts.A transient selection of this RoKSN A181 allele was observed during the 19th century.Our work highlights the selection of different alleles at the RoKSN locus for recurrent blooming in rose.
基金This work was supported by funding from the National Natural Scienee Foundation of China(31760585)the China Scholarship Council([2017]3109).
文摘Prickles are common structures in plants that play a key role in defense against herbivores.In the Rosa genus,prickles are widely present with great diversity in terms of form and density.For cut rose production,prickles represent an important issue,as they can damage the flower and injure workers.Our objectives were to precisely describe the types of prickles that exist in roses,their tissues of origin and their development.We performed a detailed histological analysis of prickle initiation and development in a rose F1 population.Based on the prickle investigation of 110 roses,we proposed the fi rst categorization of prickles in the Rosa genus.They are mainly divided into two categories,nonglandular prickles(NGPs)and glandular prickles(GPs),and subcategories were defined based on the presence/absence of hairs and branches.We demonstrated that NGPs and GPs both originate from multiple cells ofthe ground meristem beneath the protoderm.For GPs,the gland cells originate from the protoderm of the GP at the early developmental stage.Our findings clearly demonstrate that prickles are notmodified trichomes(which originate from the protoderm).These conclusions are different from the current mainstream hypothesis.These results provide a foundation for further studies on prickle initiation and development in plants.
