Prognostic significance of BMP and activin membrane-bound inhibitor in colorectal cancer

AIM： To investigate the clinical significance of BMP and activin membrane-bound inhibitor （BAMBI） which is a pseudoreceptor of transforming growth factorbeta （TGF-β） type 1 receptors and acts as a negative regulator of TGF-β signaling and expression aberrantly elevated in colorectal cancers （CRCs）. We studied BAMBI expression in CRCs. METHODS： We studied BAMBI expression in 183 surgically resected CRCs by immunochemical and immunoblotting analyses using a generated monoclonal anti-BAMBI antibody. Commercially available anti-β- catenin and anti-p53 antibodies were also applied for immunochemical analyses as a comparison control.RESULTS： Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that BAMBI expression was observed in 148 （80.8%）, and strong BAMBI expression was observed in 46% of the CRCs. Strong BAMBI expression was positively correlated with histological type, depth of invasion, lymph node metastases, and tumor node metastasis （TNM） stage （P 〈 0.05）. Clear associations were found between BAMBI and β-catenin （P = 0.035） and p53 （P =0.049） expression. In curatively resected CRC, 5-year recurrence-free survival was 51.9% （P = 0.037） for strong BAMBI expression compared to 79.8% for weak BAMBI expression. In the Cox＇s multivariate analysis, lymph node metastases （relative risk 6.685; P 〈 0.001） and depth of invasion （RR 14.0; P = 0.013） were significant indicators for recurrence, and strong BAMBI expression （RR 2.26; P = 0.057） tended to be significant. CONCLUSION： BAMBI was linked to a potentially aggressive tumor phenotype and predicted tumor recurrence and cancer-related death in CRC. BAMBI expression might be applicable in the routine clinical setting of CRC.

Evaluation of Effective Vehicle Probe Information Delivery with Multiple Communication Methods

Vehicle probe information delivery systems can be broadly divided into the center type and center-less type. Since conventional center-type information delivery systems generate a large load on the communications infrastructure and data center, research efforts have come to be focused on the centerless type. However, existing vehicle probe information delivery systems suffer from various problems including a limited service area, low delivery efficiency, and lack of immediacy in delivery. Our objective in this study is efficient delivery of vehicle probe information as needed. We propose a delivery scheme that uses vehicle-to-vehicle communication, infrastructure-to-vehicle communication, and mobile communication as well as Geo cast. This combined use of multiple communication methods achieves efficient information delivery by changing the communication method to fit the current situation. The results of an evaluation by simulation showed that the proposed scheme could deliver information efficiently in a variety of environments.

尼可地尔降低非心脏手术过程中或术后心脏事件的发生率

（接11月下）组间无显著性差异。心脏事件的频率在附表2中显示,手术过程中心脏事件的每个风险因素的优势比在附表3中显示。在通过逐步回归分析得到的风险因素中,与尼可地尔联系最紧密的因素的优势比是0.15（95%置信区间,0.03~0.76;

尼可地尔降低非心脏手术过程中或术后心脏事件的发生率

目的评估尼可地尔是否能减少危险手术进行过程中或术后心脏事件的发生。方案多中心研究。试验点日本的13家医院。患者通过心绞痛、心肌梗死病史、心脏衰竭、糖尿病和心电图异常等风险因素来评定的中危患者。给药方案在手术过程中给予这些患者尼可地尔。试验方法和主要结果术中和术后连续5天监控心脏事件,比较尼可地尔治疗组患者与非治疗组患者心脏事件的发生率。其中,尼可地尔治疗组患者84例,常规治疗组患者237例。与常规治疗相比,术中和术后给予尼可地尔治疗的患者心脏事件发生率均显著降低（术中给予尼可地尔：比值比0.15;95%置信区间,0.03～0.76;P=0.02;术后给予尼可地尔：比值比0.24;95%置信区间,0.06～0.90;P=0.04）。结论在非心脏手术术中或术后给予尼可地尔,均能降低心脏事件的发生率。