Thinning of Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis Sieb. et Zucc.) is used to facilitate timber and cone production. The present study in Northeast China investigated the effects of thinning intensity on individual tree growth...Thinning of Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis Sieb. et Zucc.) is used to facilitate timber and cone production. The present study in Northeast China investigated the effects of thinning intensity on individual tree growth, temporal variation in cone yield, and seed quality in Korean pine plantation. In 2005, five thinning intensity levels (none, extreme, heavy, moderate and light) were set in 15 permanent plots in a 32-year-old Korean pine plantation at Mengjiagang Forest Farm, Jiamusi City, Heilongjiang Province. We recorded tree growth and seed cone production from 2013 to 2016, i.e., from 8 to 11 years after thinning. Except for height growth, thinning increased tree growth (diameter at breast height and crown size) and improved cone yield. The extreme thinning treatment (to 300 trees per hectare) resulted in the largest tree diameter, tree volume, crown size and 4-year cone production per tree. The highest cone yield per tree in the mast year (2014) was observed when stands were thinned to 500 trees per hectare (heavy thinning). Although the best cone and seed quality and the largest cone and seed mass per tree were recorded in the heavily thinned stand, no significant differences were found between heavy and moderate thinning stands (750 trees per hectare). At the stand level, the moderately thinned stand had the highest basal area, stock volume and seed cone production per stand. Our results suggest that thinning to 750 trees per hectare will improve timber and cone productivity in 40-year-old P. koraiensis stands.展开更多
BACKGROUND Brunner’s gland hyperplasia(BGH)is a rare benign lesion of the duodenum.Lipomatous pseudohypertrophy(LiPH)of the pancreas is an extremely rare disease.Because each condition is rare,the probability of pure...BACKGROUND Brunner’s gland hyperplasia(BGH)is a rare benign lesion of the duodenum.Lipomatous pseudohypertrophy(LiPH)of the pancreas is an extremely rare disease.Because each condition is rare,the probability of purely coincidental coexistence of both conditions is extremely low.CASE SUMMARY We report a 26-year-old man presenting to our hospital with symptoms of recurrent upper gastrointestinal bleeding.Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy showed a huge pedunculated polypoid lesion in the duodenum with bleeding at the base of the lesion.Histopathological examination of the duodenal biopsy specimens showed BGH.Besides,abdominal computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed marked fat replacement over the entire pancreas,confirmed by histopathological evaluation on percutaneous pancreatic biopsies.Based on the radiological and histological findings,LiPH of the pancreas and BGH were diagnosed.The patient refused any surgical intervention.Therefore,he was managed with supportive treatment.The patient’s symptoms improved and there was no further bleeding.CONCLUSION This is the first well-documented case showing the coexistence of LiPH of the pancreas and BGH.展开更多
基金supported by National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFD0600601)
文摘Thinning of Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis Sieb. et Zucc.) is used to facilitate timber and cone production. The present study in Northeast China investigated the effects of thinning intensity on individual tree growth, temporal variation in cone yield, and seed quality in Korean pine plantation. In 2005, five thinning intensity levels (none, extreme, heavy, moderate and light) were set in 15 permanent plots in a 32-year-old Korean pine plantation at Mengjiagang Forest Farm, Jiamusi City, Heilongjiang Province. We recorded tree growth and seed cone production from 2013 to 2016, i.e., from 8 to 11 years after thinning. Except for height growth, thinning increased tree growth (diameter at breast height and crown size) and improved cone yield. The extreme thinning treatment (to 300 trees per hectare) resulted in the largest tree diameter, tree volume, crown size and 4-year cone production per tree. The highest cone yield per tree in the mast year (2014) was observed when stands were thinned to 500 trees per hectare (heavy thinning). Although the best cone and seed quality and the largest cone and seed mass per tree were recorded in the heavily thinned stand, no significant differences were found between heavy and moderate thinning stands (750 trees per hectare). At the stand level, the moderately thinned stand had the highest basal area, stock volume and seed cone production per stand. Our results suggest that thinning to 750 trees per hectare will improve timber and cone productivity in 40-year-old P. koraiensis stands.
基金Supported by School of Medicine and Pharmacy,Vietnam National University Hanoi,Hanoi,Viet Nam,No.QGSP.2021.06.
文摘BACKGROUND Brunner’s gland hyperplasia(BGH)is a rare benign lesion of the duodenum.Lipomatous pseudohypertrophy(LiPH)of the pancreas is an extremely rare disease.Because each condition is rare,the probability of purely coincidental coexistence of both conditions is extremely low.CASE SUMMARY We report a 26-year-old man presenting to our hospital with symptoms of recurrent upper gastrointestinal bleeding.Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy showed a huge pedunculated polypoid lesion in the duodenum with bleeding at the base of the lesion.Histopathological examination of the duodenal biopsy specimens showed BGH.Besides,abdominal computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed marked fat replacement over the entire pancreas,confirmed by histopathological evaluation on percutaneous pancreatic biopsies.Based on the radiological and histological findings,LiPH of the pancreas and BGH were diagnosed.The patient refused any surgical intervention.Therefore,he was managed with supportive treatment.The patient’s symptoms improved and there was no further bleeding.CONCLUSION This is the first well-documented case showing the coexistence of LiPH of the pancreas and BGH.
