Humanin(HN)is a 24-amino acid mitochondrial-derived polypeptide with cytoprotective and anti-apoptotic effects that regulates the mitochondrial functions under stress conditions.Accumulating evidence suggests the role...Humanin(HN)is a 24-amino acid mitochondrial-derived polypeptide with cytoprotective and anti-apoptotic effects that regulates the mitochondrial functions under stress conditions.Accumulating evidence suggests the role of HN against age-related diseases,such as Alzheimer’s disease.The decline in insulin action is a metabolic feature of aging and thus,type 2 diabetes mellitus is considered an agerelated disease,as well.It has been suggested that HN increases insulin sensitivity,improves the survival of pancreatic beta cells,and delays the onset of diabetes,actions that could be deployed in the treatment of diabetes.The aim of this review is to present the in vitro and in vivo studies that examined the role of HN in insulin resistance and diabetes and to discuss its newly emerging role as a therapeutic option against those conditions.展开更多
Intrapartum maternal normoglycemia seems to play an important role in the prevention of adverse perinatal, maternal and neonatal outcomes. Several glucose monitoring protocols have been developed, aiming to achieve a ...Intrapartum maternal normoglycemia seems to play an important role in the prevention of adverse perinatal, maternal and neonatal outcomes. Several glucose monitoring protocols have been developed, aiming to achieve a tight glucose monitoring and control. Depending on the type of diabetes and the optimal or suboptimal glycemic control, the treatment options include fasting status of the parturient, frequent monitoring of capillary blood glucose, intravenous dextrose infusion and subcutaneous or intravenous use of insulin. Continuous glucose monitoring system(CGMS) is a relatively new technology that measures interstitial glucose at very short time intervals over a specifi c period of time. The resulting profi le provides a more comprehensive measure of glycemic excursions than intermittent home blood glucose monitoring. Results of studies applying the CGMS technology in patients with or without diabetes mellitus(DM) have revealed new insights in glucose metabolism. Moreover, CGMS have a potential role in the improvement of glycemic control during pregnancy and labor, which may lead to a decrease in perinatal morbidity and mortality. In conclusion, the use of CGMS, with its important technical advantages compared to the conventional way of monitoring, may lead into a more etiological intrapartum management of both the mother and her fetus/infant in pregnancies complicated with DM.展开更多
文摘Humanin(HN)is a 24-amino acid mitochondrial-derived polypeptide with cytoprotective and anti-apoptotic effects that regulates the mitochondrial functions under stress conditions.Accumulating evidence suggests the role of HN against age-related diseases,such as Alzheimer’s disease.The decline in insulin action is a metabolic feature of aging and thus,type 2 diabetes mellitus is considered an agerelated disease,as well.It has been suggested that HN increases insulin sensitivity,improves the survival of pancreatic beta cells,and delays the onset of diabetes,actions that could be deployed in the treatment of diabetes.The aim of this review is to present the in vitro and in vivo studies that examined the role of HN in insulin resistance and diabetes and to discuss its newly emerging role as a therapeutic option against those conditions.
文摘Intrapartum maternal normoglycemia seems to play an important role in the prevention of adverse perinatal, maternal and neonatal outcomes. Several glucose monitoring protocols have been developed, aiming to achieve a tight glucose monitoring and control. Depending on the type of diabetes and the optimal or suboptimal glycemic control, the treatment options include fasting status of the parturient, frequent monitoring of capillary blood glucose, intravenous dextrose infusion and subcutaneous or intravenous use of insulin. Continuous glucose monitoring system(CGMS) is a relatively new technology that measures interstitial glucose at very short time intervals over a specifi c period of time. The resulting profi le provides a more comprehensive measure of glycemic excursions than intermittent home blood glucose monitoring. Results of studies applying the CGMS technology in patients with or without diabetes mellitus(DM) have revealed new insights in glucose metabolism. Moreover, CGMS have a potential role in the improvement of glycemic control during pregnancy and labor, which may lead to a decrease in perinatal morbidity and mortality. In conclusion, the use of CGMS, with its important technical advantages compared to the conventional way of monitoring, may lead into a more etiological intrapartum management of both the mother and her fetus/infant in pregnancies complicated with DM.
