Excessive speed and speeding substantially compromise road safety in Germany and Switzerland.Approximately one third of all fatal accidents are caused by maladjusted speed.Recent studies attribute a special importance...Excessive speed and speeding substantially compromise road safety in Germany and Switzerland.Approximately one third of all fatal accidents are caused by maladjusted speed.Recent studies attribute a special importance to the impulsivity construct in the context of maladaptive road behavior.Thus,the effects of impulsivity on risky driving behaviors(speeding violations)were examined in a Swiss-German sample of N=361 car drivers(both on speed affine drivers and putative ordinary drivers).The participants filled in a questionnaire battery consisting of an impulsiveness scale as well as traffic-related attitudes and cognitive appraisal tendencies on the one hand and indicators for maladaptive behaviors at and beyond traffic domain on the other hand.The directions of the observed correlations between the scales were as expected,with impulsivity correlating negatively with age(young drivers scored higher)but not at all with gender or driving experience.To find out more about the functionality of impulsivity,specific personality profiles were carried out via cluster analysis.Three different control types were empirically found(impulsivity subtype,reduced compliance subtype,vulnerability subtype),while high impulsive drivers scored high in impulsivity,low on compliance,high on affective responsiveness and described themselves as affordance-prone.The impulsive type additionally shows more speeding offences stored in the driving license file,overrides speed limits for more than 15 km/h more frequently and even shows deviancy beyond traffic domain.The results are discussed in the light of the impulse control system and conclusions are drawn regarding assessment of driving aptitude and interventions.The theoretical framework including a hierarchical structured model of deviance was confirmed empirically.展开更多
The present study aimed to identify risk factors among older adult drivers from realistic data in order to stimulate the development of appropriate safety measures in the future.For this purpose,N=400 archived case fi...The present study aimed to identify risk factors among older adult drivers from realistic data in order to stimulate the development of appropriate safety measures in the future.For this purpose,N=400 archived case files from the driving authority in Dresden(Germany),were systematically analysed.The risk criterion was the outcome of the fitness to drive(FTD)assessment required by the authority.The results show that there are several significant risk factors(aged over 80,dementia,multi-morbidity and involvement into complex accidents)that can serve as cues for being unfit to drive.The practical measures for enhancing traffic safety are discussed.展开更多
This paper discusses the findings of the first car MAX-DOAS（multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy） field campaign（300 km long） along the National Highway-05（N5-Highway） of Pakistan conducted on...This paper discusses the findings of the first car MAX-DOAS（multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy） field campaign（300 km long） along the National Highway-05（N5-Highway） of Pakistan conducted on 13 and 14 November, 2012. The main objective of the field campaign was to assess the spatial distribution of tropospheric nitrogen dioxide（NO_2）columns and corresponding concentrations along the N5-Highway from Islamabad to Lahore.Source identification of NO_2 revealed that the concentrations were higher within major cities along the highway. The highest NO_2 vertical column densities（NO_2VCDs） were found around two major cities of Rawalpindi and Lahore. This study also presents a comparison of NO_2 VCDs measured by the ozone monitoring instrument（OMI） and car MAX-DOAS observations. The comparison revealed similar spatial distribution of the NO_2 columns with both car MAX-DOAS and satellite observations, but the car MAX-DOAS observations show much more spatial details. Maximum NO_2 VCD retrieved from car MAX-DOAS observations was up to an order of magnitude larger than the OMI observations in urban areas.展开更多
February 14 was the first day of the Chinese lunar Year of Tiger.The Chinese Spring Festival Folk Concert,as one of the activities in celebration of the 60th anniversary of the establishment of China-Switzerland diplo...February 14 was the first day of the Chinese lunar Year of Tiger.The Chinese Spring Festival Folk Concert,as one of the activities in celebration of the 60th anniversary of the establishment of China-Switzerland diplomatic relations,was held in the famous Zurich Concert Hall.Among those present were Dong Jinyi,Chinese Ambassador to Switzerland,Liang Jianquan,Chinese Counsel General in Zurich, Erika Forster,President of the Council of States of Switzerland,Dr.Anton Thalmann,Deputy Secretary of State of the Swiss Federal Department of Foreign Affairs,Martin Dahinden,Director General of the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation under the Federal Department of Foreign Affairs,Regine Aeppli, Governor of Zurich Canton and Ruth Genner,Vice Mayor of Zurich.At the invitation of the Switzerland-China Association(SCA),Jing Dunquan,CPAFFC Vice President,traveled to Zurich to attend the celebration activities.The following is the speech given by Thomas Wagner,former Mayor of Zurich and President of the SCA,prior to the concert.展开更多
My fi rst contact with the CPAFFC was in 1987 when I had the privilege to meet the former President,HE Mr.Han Xu.He explained the mission of the CPAFFC to me.He presented me with a wonderful bowl of Chinese porcelain ...My fi rst contact with the CPAFFC was in 1987 when I had the privilege to meet the former President,HE Mr.Han Xu.He explained the mission of the CPAFFC to me.He presented me with a wonderful bowl of Chinese porcelain as a symbol of our mutual understanding and appreciation.Later on I had the opportunity to meet his successor,HE Mr.Qi Huaiyuan and afterwards HE Mr.Chen Haosu,fi rst展开更多
文摘Excessive speed and speeding substantially compromise road safety in Germany and Switzerland.Approximately one third of all fatal accidents are caused by maladjusted speed.Recent studies attribute a special importance to the impulsivity construct in the context of maladaptive road behavior.Thus,the effects of impulsivity on risky driving behaviors(speeding violations)were examined in a Swiss-German sample of N=361 car drivers(both on speed affine drivers and putative ordinary drivers).The participants filled in a questionnaire battery consisting of an impulsiveness scale as well as traffic-related attitudes and cognitive appraisal tendencies on the one hand and indicators for maladaptive behaviors at and beyond traffic domain on the other hand.The directions of the observed correlations between the scales were as expected,with impulsivity correlating negatively with age(young drivers scored higher)but not at all with gender or driving experience.To find out more about the functionality of impulsivity,specific personality profiles were carried out via cluster analysis.Three different control types were empirically found(impulsivity subtype,reduced compliance subtype,vulnerability subtype),while high impulsive drivers scored high in impulsivity,low on compliance,high on affective responsiveness and described themselves as affordance-prone.The impulsive type additionally shows more speeding offences stored in the driving license file,overrides speed limits for more than 15 km/h more frequently and even shows deviancy beyond traffic domain.The results are discussed in the light of the impulse control system and conclusions are drawn regarding assessment of driving aptitude and interventions.The theoretical framework including a hierarchical structured model of deviance was confirmed empirically.
文摘The present study aimed to identify risk factors among older adult drivers from realistic data in order to stimulate the development of appropriate safety measures in the future.For this purpose,N=400 archived case files from the driving authority in Dresden(Germany),were systematically analysed.The risk criterion was the outcome of the fitness to drive(FTD)assessment required by the authority.The results show that there are several significant risk factors(aged over 80,dementia,multi-morbidity and involvement into complex accidents)that can serve as cues for being unfit to drive.The practical measures for enhancing traffic safety are discussed.
基金financial support as Master thesis research fund to conduct this study
文摘This paper discusses the findings of the first car MAX-DOAS（multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy） field campaign（300 km long） along the National Highway-05（N5-Highway） of Pakistan conducted on 13 and 14 November, 2012. The main objective of the field campaign was to assess the spatial distribution of tropospheric nitrogen dioxide（NO_2）columns and corresponding concentrations along the N5-Highway from Islamabad to Lahore.Source identification of NO_2 revealed that the concentrations were higher within major cities along the highway. The highest NO_2 vertical column densities（NO_2VCDs） were found around two major cities of Rawalpindi and Lahore. This study also presents a comparison of NO_2 VCDs measured by the ozone monitoring instrument（OMI） and car MAX-DOAS observations. The comparison revealed similar spatial distribution of the NO_2 columns with both car MAX-DOAS and satellite observations, but the car MAX-DOAS observations show much more spatial details. Maximum NO_2 VCD retrieved from car MAX-DOAS observations was up to an order of magnitude larger than the OMI observations in urban areas.
文摘February 14 was the first day of the Chinese lunar Year of Tiger.The Chinese Spring Festival Folk Concert,as one of the activities in celebration of the 60th anniversary of the establishment of China-Switzerland diplomatic relations,was held in the famous Zurich Concert Hall.Among those present were Dong Jinyi,Chinese Ambassador to Switzerland,Liang Jianquan,Chinese Counsel General in Zurich, Erika Forster,President of the Council of States of Switzerland,Dr.Anton Thalmann,Deputy Secretary of State of the Swiss Federal Department of Foreign Affairs,Martin Dahinden,Director General of the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation under the Federal Department of Foreign Affairs,Regine Aeppli, Governor of Zurich Canton and Ruth Genner,Vice Mayor of Zurich.At the invitation of the Switzerland-China Association(SCA),Jing Dunquan,CPAFFC Vice President,traveled to Zurich to attend the celebration activities.The following is the speech given by Thomas Wagner,former Mayor of Zurich and President of the SCA,prior to the concert.
文摘My fi rst contact with the CPAFFC was in 1987 when I had the privilege to meet the former President,HE Mr.Han Xu.He explained the mission of the CPAFFC to me.He presented me with a wonderful bowl of Chinese porcelain as a symbol of our mutual understanding and appreciation.Later on I had the opportunity to meet his successor,HE Mr.Qi Huaiyuan and afterwards HE Mr.Chen Haosu,fi rst
