20世纪上半期农村家庭亲子关系

2 0世纪上半期 ,中国农村家庭的亲子关系重于夫妻关系而处于家庭关系的核心地位。家庭以年龄和性别作为划分等级的基础条件。父家长制较为盛行。家长在家庭中拥有财产支配权和人身支配权。父、母在家中权利和地位不同 ,同时 ,儿子和女儿所处地位和待遇也不相同。家长的隆重权威进一步扩展造成农村社会下对上、幼对长顺服、盲从的行为主流。当然 ,亲子关系也有合作的一面。总之 。

HPLC法测定国产洛索洛芬钠片人体相对生物利用度

目的 建立人血浆中洛索洛芬钠浓度的HPLC测定方法 ,研究健康受试者口服国产洛索洛芬钠片的药代动力学 ,以进口洛索洛芬钠片作为参比制剂 ,计算两制剂的相对生物利用度 ,判断两种制剂是否等效。方法 血浆样品加入内标后经三氯乙酸沉淀蛋白、涡旋、离心 ,吸取上清液进样。色谱柱为ShimadzuVP ODS(15 0mm× 4 . 6mmi d ,5 μmC18) ,流动相为 0 . 0 5mol·L 1磷酸二氢钾 甲醇 (2 7∶73) (v/v) ,紫外检测波长 2 30nm。测定了 2 0名受试者单剂量口服两种洛索洛芬钠片 6 0mg后血药浓度 时间过程。结果 最低检测浓度 0 . 2 μg·ml 1,回收率大于 80 % ,日间和日内的变异系数小于 10 . 5 % ,线性范围为 0 . 2～12 . 0 μg·ml 1(r=0 9998) ,符合生物样品分析的要求。主要药动学参数分别为 :国产洛索洛芬钠片 :t1/2 为 1. 39± 0 . 15h ,AUC0 . 6h10 . 71± 1 .4 5 μg·h·ml 1,Cmax7. 2 3± 1 .0 2 μg·ml 1,tmax0 4± 0 1h ;参比制剂t1/2 为 1. 4 1± 0 .15h ,AUC0. 6h10 .4 6± 1 .32 μg·h·ml 1,Cmax7 4 9± 1 .2 6 μg·ml 1,tmax0 .4± 0 .1h。结论 建立的HPLC法简单快速 ,定量可靠准确 ,适合于洛索洛芬钠临床研究。洛索洛芬钠受试制剂的相对生物利用度为 (10 3 .2± 15 .1) %。

Long-term oncologic outcomes of laparoscopic vs open surgery for stages Ⅱ and Ⅲ rectal cancer: A retrospective cohort study

AIM: To evaluate the 5-year survival after laparoscopic surgery vs open surgery for stages Ⅱ and Ⅲ rectal cancer.METHODS:This study enrolled 406 consecutive patients who underwent curative resection for stagesⅡandⅢrectal cancer between January 2000 and December 2009[laparoscopic rectal resection(LRR),n=152;open rectal resection(ORR),n=254].Clinical characteristics,operative outcomes,pathological outcomes,postoperative recovery,and 5-year survival outcomes were compared between the two groups.RESULTS:Most of the clinical characteristics were similar except age(59 years vs 55 years,P=0.033)between the LRR group and ORR group.The proportion of anterior resection was higher in the LRR group than that in the ORR group(81.6%vs 66.1%,P=0.001).The LRR group had less estimated blood loss(50m L vs 200 m L,P<0.001)and a lower rate of blood transfusion(4.6%vs 11.8%,P=0.019)compared to the ORR group.The pathological outcomes of the two groups were comparable.The LRR group was associated with faster recovery of bowel function(2.8 d vs 3.7 d,P<0.001)and shorter postoperative hospital stay(11.7 d vs 13.7 d,P<0.001).The median followup time was 63 mo in the LRR group and 65 mo in the ORR group.As for the survival outcomes,the 5-year local recurrence rate(16.0%vs 16.4%,P=0.753),5-year disease-free survival(DFS)rate(63.0%vs63.1%,P=0.589),and 5-year overall survival(OS)rate(68.1%vs 63.5%,P=0.682)were comparable between the LRR group and the ORR group.Stageby stage,there were also no statistical differences between the LRR group and the ORR group in terms of the 5-year local recurrence rate(stageⅡ:6.3%vs 8.7%,P=0.623;stageⅢ:26.4%vs 23.2%,P=0.747),5-year DFS rate(stageⅡ:77.5%vs 77.6%,P=0.462;stageⅢ:46.5%vs 50.9%,P=0.738),and5-year OS rate(stageⅡ:81.4%vs 74.3%,P=0.242;stageⅢ:53.9%vs 54.1%,P=0.459).CONCLUSION:LRR for stagesⅡandⅢrectal cancer can yield comparable long-term survival while achieving short-term benefits compared to open surgery.

CONVERGENCE OF ISHIKAWA TYPE ITERATIVE SEQUENCE WITH ERRORS FOR QUASI-CONTRACTIVE MAPPINGS IN CONVEX METRIC SPACES

Some convergence theorems of Ishikawa type iterative sequence with errors for nonlinear general quasi-contractive mapping in convex metric spaces are proved. The results not only extend and improve the corresponding results of L. B. Ciric, Q. H. Liu, H. E. Rhoades and H. K. Xu, et al., but also give an affirmative answer to the open question of Rhoades-Naimpally- Singh in convex metric spaces.

Differential diagnosis of ambiguous genitalia in Chinese patients

Objective: To study the etiology and differential diagnos is of ambiguous genitalia.Methods: One hundred and five cases of ambiguous genitalia with disorders of sexual differentiation were analyzed based on clinical characterist ics and basic research. Results: Ambiguous genitalia are closely related to the functio n of androgen. It could be classified into 3 groups: androgen excess, androgen d eficiency and failure of gonadal differentiation. Differential diagnosis depends on clinical manifestations, chromosome examination, serum hormone determination s, final gonadal pathology, receptor study etc.Conclusion: Ambiguous genitalia are related to abnormal androgen ic effect and early correct etiological diagnosis is the key to its management.

A UDDI Based Shared Resources Management Mechanism in Virtual Enetrprises

Service and information resources are two kinds of major shared resources in virtual enterprises, where, service resources include third party’s service resources and enterprise’s legacy service resources,and information resources include database resources and file resources. Since service and information resources have distributed, autonomic, remotely bound as well as some other similar characteristics, an implementation mechanism on managing shared resources based on UDDI are presented. XML instances are used to describe resources authorization information, WSDL based special XML instance represents information resource metadata, and these XML instances are referenced by tModel for realizing the purpose of managing shared resources metadata based on UDDI.

预应力砼梁先简支后无预应力连续梁受力性能研究

公路桥梁建设中，简支转连续结构，不仅具有简支梁桥施工简便的优点，而且保证了桥梁的连续性。本实验基于预应力砼梁先简支后无预应力连续梁的结构特征和受力特点，进行了集中荷载试验和极限承载能力的全过程加载试验。同时与预应力简支梁的相应结果作了对比；通过对试验现象的描述和试验结果的分析，总结出了预应力砼梁先简支后无预应力连续梁的主要受力、变形特点，以供参考。

Distribution characteristics of historical earthquake classes in Jiangsu Province and South Huanghai Sea region

According to the analysis on the characteristics of historic earthquakes in Jiangsu Province and South Huanghai Sea region, the historical earthquakes in the studied area are divided into two kinds of comparatively safe class and comparatively dangerous class. Then the statistical result of earthquake class, the characteristics of geo-graphical distribution and geological structures are studied. The study shows: a) In Jiangsu Province and South Huanghai Sea region, the majority of historical strong earthquakes belong to comparatively safe class, only 13.8% belong to comparatively dangerous class; b) Most historical earthquakes belong to comparatively safe class in the land area of Jiangsu, eastern sea area of Yangtze River mouth and northern depression of South Huanghai Sea region. However, along the coast of middle Jiangsu Province and in the sea area of South Huanghai Sea, the distribution of historical earthquake classes is complex and the earthquake series of comparatively dan-gerous class and comparatively safe class are equivalent in number; c) In the studied area, the statistical results of historical earthquake classes and the characteristics of spatial distribution accord very well with the real case of present-day earthquake series. It shows that the seismic activity in the region has the characteristic of succession, and the result from this study can be used as a reference for early postseismic judgment in the earthquake emer-gency work in Jiangsu Province.

Research Progress of Interfacial Chemism of High Efficiency Organic Grinding Fluid for Si_3N_4 Ceramics

Grinding is a most important machining method for Si3N4 ceramics. Utilizing interracial chemistry reaction membrane between grinding fluid and Si3N4 ceramics can reduce friction factor, soften surface layer and meanwhile improve the grinding efficiency, which is a bran-new research direction. This article, based on high efficiency grinding of Si3N4 ceramics by the way of half plasticity removal, descanted on the assistant function of interface chemistry reaction to improve the removal rate of Si3N4 ceramics in the application of organic grinding fluids represented by alcohols grinding fluid. To target action mechanism research, it applies the methods of classification, comparison and induction, and advanced test equipments to explore the effects of long, short carbochain alcohol and their water solutions acting as grinding fluids. In addition, it also discusses the effective function of three groups of organic matters such as perhalogeno hydrocarbon, cationic surfactant and tetra ethoxysilane acting as grinding fluid components from different angles, reveals their mechanisms of action, and supplies theoretical basis for the development of machining ceramic grinding fluid of high efficiency, low cost.

REMARK ON STABILITY OF ISHIKAWA ITERATIVE PROCEDURES

The stability of the Ishikawa iteration procedures was studied for one class of continuity strong pseudocontraction and continuity strongly accretive operators with bounded range in real uniformly smooth Banach space. Under parameters satisfying certain conditions, the convergence of iterative sequences was proved. The results improve and extend the recent corresponding results, and supply the basis of theory for further discussing convergence of iteration procedures with errors.

A New Diterpenoid Dimer from Annona glabra

A new diterpenoid dimer annonebinide A has been isolated from the stems of Annona glabra. Its structure was determined to be ent-16a-hydroxykauran-17-yl ent-16b-kauran-17-oate on the basis of spectroscopic and chemical evidence.

Large aftershocks triggering by Coulomb failure stress following the 2001 MS=8.1 great Kunlun earthquake

The great Kunlun earthquake occurred on Nov. 14, 2001 in Qinghai Province, China. Five large aftershocks with magnitude larger than 5.0 occurred near the Kunlun fault after main shock. Calculations of the change in Coulomb failure stress reveal that 4 of 5 large aftershocks occurred in areas with Dsf >0 (10-2~10-1 MPa) and one aftershock occurred in an area with Dsf =-0.56 MPa. It is concluded that the permanent fault displacement due to the main shock is the main cause of activity of large aftershocks, but not the whole cause.

Study on fuzzy control of dynamic equalization based on state prediction

A new method of using dynamic equalization technology to realize the maximum energy storage uti-lization was presented to overcome the influence of the disaccord among units of series super capacitor(SC) bank and ensure that the units could work safely.By considering in combination with the high spe-cific power,low working voltage,wide voltage working range and nonlinear external characteristics,wepresent constant duty ratio pulse frequency modulation mode and fuzzy control method based on state pre-diction in the active equalization circuit and accomplish the software and hardware design for the equaliza-tion system.The simulation analysis and experiment results of constant current multi-cycle and variablecurrent multi-cycle charge-discharge process verify the validity of the design.

Molecular Cloning of a Novel Bovine Homologue of the Drosophila Tumor Suppressor Gene,Lats

Pervious studies demonstrate that lats, also known as warts, is a tumor suppressor gene in Drosophila . Mutations of lats lead to an increase in cell number and organ size in Drosophila, indicating lats may be involved in organ size control. Furthermore, the high conservation of sequence and tumor suppression function of lats between Drosophila and human suggests that it may be also involved in organ size control of higher animals . So here we isolated the bovine homologue of Drosophila lats. Sequence analysis indicates the bovine LATS1 to be very similar to other lats proteins.

Marxist Philosophy vs.International Relations Research in China

This article argues for the confirmation of Marxist philosophy as the ideology that guides international relations(IR)studies in China. Justification comes through the following points.According to Marxism, correct theoretical guidance serves as the prerequisite for correct practice. Marxist philosophy embodies,by nature,righteousness,in opposition to political hegemony.Accordingly,practice under its guidance represents fruitful revolutionary realism.Finally,advanced studies of international relations in this country cannot be separated from philosophical thinking. Using these arguments as background,this article specifically advocates materialism,patriotism,and service to the people as the corner-stone of China's IR theory building.

A Crystal Palace on Meridian Gate Tower

In May 2004, the renovation of Meridian Gate Tower in the Forbidden City was launched. In May 2005, the first phase of the renovation was completed and in its new exhibition hall was displayed treasures from Versailles Palace collections. This first exhibition in Meridian Gate Tower marked the building’s re-opening to the public after more than 30 years. In the glass exhibition hall, viewers experienced the incredible charm of French arts.

Statistics of the Instability Strip of β Cephei Stars

We present a study of the β Cephei instability strip based on a sample of 49 stars of this type. After deriving their effective temperatures and luminosities from their observed (B - V), (U - B) colors and parallaxes we find their positions in the HR diagram to be mostly confined to the main sequence, and their masses to lie between 7 M⊙ and 30 M⊙ . Their distribution on the HR diagram matches well with our previous theoretical instability strip which has an upper bound in the luminosity and rather tight boundaries in the effective temperature.

Perimenopausal transition

There has been quite a lot of discussions centered on postmenopau sal hormone replacement therapy(HRT), but far less on the perimenopausal transit ion. Research has been done on the aging ovary and showed alterations in the pri mary unit, the follicle; and granulosa cell is the most important factor respons ible for this follicle change. The aging ovary contains fewer follicles and fewer granulosa cells produced less amount of steroids and many other important factors to the survival of the ovum causing increased rate of granulosa cell apo ptosis in each follicle. Many of these changes may start before the menopause.……