The 21st century is the century of population aging.In the aging process of world population age structure,population aging in China will show the characteristics of fast,high levels and geographical imbalance between...The 21st century is the century of population aging.In the aging process of world population age structure,population aging in China will show the characteristics of fast,high levels and geographical imbalance between urban and rural area.This gives out a problem to endowment insurance system.The key point to solve the problem is the innovation to endowment insurance system.Studies suggest that the focus of innovation include:Firstly,we should locate an endowment insurance system accurately and determine the direction of reform and innovation clearly.Secondly,on the basis of improving institutional mechanisms regulatory,we should ensure to increase and sustain the value of pensions.expenditure and urbanization,which aggravates the imbalance of population and land urbanization;thirdly,controlling of household register is the primary cause of the slow development of population urbanization,however,loosening this policy and reforming the institutions will promote the development of urbanization;lastly,lengthening the use periods of farmland is good for the coordinative development of urbanization for its"guarantee effect",but a perfect mechanism of land transfer should be taken for the premise.展开更多
Along with the accelerated advancement of population aging,China’s economic development has led Chinese residents’income to a moderate level.However,the unfair and unsustainable features of“dual standard of pension...Along with the accelerated advancement of population aging,China’s economic development has led Chinese residents’income to a moderate level.However,the unfair and unsustainable features of“dual standard of pension insurance”for both rural and urban cadre and employees have become so increasingly prominent that the time to change it has come.The top-level design of pension insurance should be taken shape on the basis of clarifying such concepts as old-age security,insurance,system,institution,and mechanism,and be carried out gradually in several steps at different levels.At the first level,basic pension insurance system should be reformed and created;at the second level,a new institution for pension insurance system should be reformed and created;at the third level,reform and improvements are made to compensate pension insurance system.Among these,the key is to establish a uniform pension insurance system for both urban and rural cadre and employees which is primarily dependent on individuals’payment and secondly by enterprises(units).Such institutional innovation requires initiatives from both government and market towards a market-oriented reform.展开更多
文摘The 21st century is the century of population aging.In the aging process of world population age structure,population aging in China will show the characteristics of fast,high levels and geographical imbalance between urban and rural area.This gives out a problem to endowment insurance system.The key point to solve the problem is the innovation to endowment insurance system.Studies suggest that the focus of innovation include:Firstly,we should locate an endowment insurance system accurately and determine the direction of reform and innovation clearly.Secondly,on the basis of improving institutional mechanisms regulatory,we should ensure to increase and sustain the value of pensions.expenditure and urbanization,which aggravates the imbalance of population and land urbanization;thirdly,controlling of household register is the primary cause of the slow development of population urbanization,however,loosening this policy and reforming the institutions will promote the development of urbanization;lastly,lengthening the use periods of farmland is good for the coordinative development of urbanization for its"guarantee effect",but a perfect mechanism of land transfer should be taken for the premise.
文摘Along with the accelerated advancement of population aging,China’s economic development has led Chinese residents’income to a moderate level.However,the unfair and unsustainable features of“dual standard of pension insurance”for both rural and urban cadre and employees have become so increasingly prominent that the time to change it has come.The top-level design of pension insurance should be taken shape on the basis of clarifying such concepts as old-age security,insurance,system,institution,and mechanism,and be carried out gradually in several steps at different levels.At the first level,basic pension insurance system should be reformed and created;at the second level,a new institution for pension insurance system should be reformed and created;at the third level,reform and improvements are made to compensate pension insurance system.Among these,the key is to establish a uniform pension insurance system for both urban and rural cadre and employees which is primarily dependent on individuals’payment and secondly by enterprises(units).Such institutional innovation requires initiatives from both government and market towards a market-oriented reform.
