The recent research published in Science by Li et al.1 provides compelling evidence that the hyperexcitability of arousalpromoting hypocretin(Hcrt,also called orexin)neurons is closely associated with sleep instabilit...The recent research published in Science by Li et al.1 provides compelling evidence that the hyperexcitability of arousalpromoting hypocretin(Hcrt,also called orexin)neurons is closely associated with sleep instability during aging(Fig.1).Their findings reveal the underlying neural mechanisms of aging-related sleep impairment.展开更多
Parkinson’s disease(PD)is a complex neurodegenerative disorder with no cure in sight.Clinical challenges of the disease include the inability to make a definitive diagnosis at the early stages and difficulties in pre...Parkinson’s disease(PD)is a complex neurodegenerative disorder with no cure in sight.Clinical challenges of the disease include the inability to make a definitive diagnosis at the early stages and difficulties in predicting the disease progression.The unmet demand to identify reliable biomarkers for early diagnosis and management of the disease course of PD has attracted a lot of attention.However,only a few reported candidate biomarkers have been tried in clinical practice at the present time.Studies on PD biomarkers have often overemphasized the discovery of novel identity,whereas efforts to further evaluate such candidates are rare.Therefore,we update the new development of biomarker discovery in PD and discuss the standard process in the evaluation and assessment of the diagnostic or prognostic value of the identified potential PD biomarkers in this review article.Recent developments in combined biomarkers and the current status of clinical trials of biomarkers as outcome measures are also discussed.We believe that the combination of different biomarkers might enhance the specificity and sensitivity over a single measure that might not be sufficient for such a multiplex disease.展开更多
Parkinson’s disease(PD),the second most common neurodegenerative disease,is clinically characterized by both motor and non-motor symptoms.Although overall great achievements have been made in elucidating the etiology...Parkinson’s disease(PD),the second most common neurodegenerative disease,is clinically characterized by both motor and non-motor symptoms.Although overall great achievements have been made in elucidating the etiology and pathogenesis of PD,the exact mechanisms of this complicated systemic disease are still far from being clearly understood.Consequently,most of the currentlyused diagnostic tools and therapeutic options for PD are symptomatic.In this perspective review,we highlight the hot topics in recent PD research for both clinicians and researchers.Some of these hot topics,such as sleep disorders and gut symptoms,have been neglected but are currently emphasized due to their close association with PD.Following these research directions in future PD research may help understand the nature of the disease and facilitate the discovery of new strategies for the diagnosis and therapy of PD.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC 82001483 and 82101560).
文摘The recent research published in Science by Li et al.1 provides compelling evidence that the hyperexcitability of arousalpromoting hypocretin(Hcrt,also called orexin)neurons is closely associated with sleep instability during aging(Fig.1).Their findings reveal the underlying neural mechanisms of aging-related sleep impairment.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81430021 and 81771521)the Key Research and Development Plan of the Science and Technology Department of Liaoning Province,China(2018225051).
文摘Parkinson’s disease(PD)is a complex neurodegenerative disorder with no cure in sight.Clinical challenges of the disease include the inability to make a definitive diagnosis at the early stages and difficulties in predicting the disease progression.The unmet demand to identify reliable biomarkers for early diagnosis and management of the disease course of PD has attracted a lot of attention.However,only a few reported candidate biomarkers have been tried in clinical practice at the present time.Studies on PD biomarkers have often overemphasized the discovery of novel identity,whereas efforts to further evaluate such candidates are rare.Therefore,we update the new development of biomarker discovery in PD and discuss the standard process in the evaluation and assessment of the diagnostic or prognostic value of the identified potential PD biomarkers in this review article.Recent developments in combined biomarkers and the current status of clinical trials of biomarkers as outcome measures are also discussed.We believe that the combination of different biomarkers might enhance the specificity and sensitivity over a single measure that might not be sufficient for such a multiplex disease.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFC1306600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82001483)the Guangdong Provincial Key R&D Program(2018B030337001).
文摘Parkinson’s disease(PD),the second most common neurodegenerative disease,is clinically characterized by both motor and non-motor symptoms.Although overall great achievements have been made in elucidating the etiology and pathogenesis of PD,the exact mechanisms of this complicated systemic disease are still far from being clearly understood.Consequently,most of the currentlyused diagnostic tools and therapeutic options for PD are symptomatic.In this perspective review,we highlight the hot topics in recent PD research for both clinicians and researchers.Some of these hot topics,such as sleep disorders and gut symptoms,have been neglected but are currently emphasized due to their close association with PD.Following these research directions in future PD research may help understand the nature of the disease and facilitate the discovery of new strategies for the diagnosis and therapy of PD.
