We theoretically analyse a multi-modes atomic interferometer consisting of a sequence of Kapitza-Dirac pulses (KD) applied to cold atoms trapped in a harmonic trap. The pulses spatially split the atomic wave-functions...We theoretically analyse a multi-modes atomic interferometer consisting of a sequence of Kapitza-Dirac pulses (KD) applied to cold atoms trapped in a harmonic trap. The pulses spatially split the atomic wave-functions while the harmonic trap coherently recombines all modes by acting as a coherent spatial mirror. The phase shifts accumulated among different KD pulses are estimated by measuring the number of atoms in each output mode or by fitting the density profile. The sensitivity is rigorously calculated by the Fisher information and the Cramér-Rao lower bound. We predict, with typical experimental parameters, a temperature independent sensitivity which, in the case of the measurement of the gravitational constant g can significantly exceed the sensitivity of current atomic interferometers.展开更多
We investigate the ground states of spin-1 Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs) with spin–orbit coupling in a radiallyperiodic potential by numerically solving the coupled Gross–Pitaevskii equations. In the radially pe...We investigate the ground states of spin-1 Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs) with spin–orbit coupling in a radiallyperiodic potential by numerically solving the coupled Gross–Pitaevskii equations. In the radially periodic potential, wefirst demonstrate that spin–orbit-coupled antiferromagnetic BECs support a multiring petal phase. Polar–core vortex canbe observed from phase profiles, which is manifested as circularly symmetric distribution. We further show that spin–orbitcoupling can induce multiring soliton structure in ferromagnetic BECs. It is confirmed especially that the wave-functionphase of the ring corresponding to uniform distribution satisfies the rotational symmetry, and the wave-function phase ofthe ring corresponding to partial splitting breaks the rotational symmetry. Adjusting the spin–orbit coupling strength cancontrol the number of petal in antiferromagnetic BECs and the winding numbers of wave-function in ferromagnetic BECs.Finally, we discuss effects of spin-independent and spin-dependent interactions on the ground states.展开更多
文摘We theoretically analyse a multi-modes atomic interferometer consisting of a sequence of Kapitza-Dirac pulses (KD) applied to cold atoms trapped in a harmonic trap. The pulses spatially split the atomic wave-functions while the harmonic trap coherently recombines all modes by acting as a coherent spatial mirror. The phase shifts accumulated among different KD pulses are estimated by measuring the number of atoms in each output mode or by fitting the density profile. The sensitivity is rigorously calculated by the Fisher information and the Cramér-Rao lower bound. We predict, with typical experimental parameters, a temperature independent sensitivity which, in the case of the measurement of the gravitational constant g can significantly exceed the sensitivity of current atomic interferometers.
基金Project supported by the Scientific and Technologial Innovation Program of the Higher Education Institutions in Shanxi Province,China(Grant Nos.2019L0813,2019L0785,and 2019L0808).
文摘We investigate the ground states of spin-1 Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs) with spin–orbit coupling in a radiallyperiodic potential by numerically solving the coupled Gross–Pitaevskii equations. In the radially periodic potential, wefirst demonstrate that spin–orbit-coupled antiferromagnetic BECs support a multiring petal phase. Polar–core vortex canbe observed from phase profiles, which is manifested as circularly symmetric distribution. We further show that spin–orbitcoupling can induce multiring soliton structure in ferromagnetic BECs. It is confirmed especially that the wave-functionphase of the ring corresponding to uniform distribution satisfies the rotational symmetry, and the wave-function phase ofthe ring corresponding to partial splitting breaks the rotational symmetry. Adjusting the spin–orbit coupling strength cancontrol the number of petal in antiferromagnetic BECs and the winding numbers of wave-function in ferromagnetic BECs.Finally, we discuss effects of spin-independent and spin-dependent interactions on the ground states.
