Efficacy and safety of ixekizumab in Chinese patients with plaque psoriasis

To the Editor:Psoriasis is a common,chronic papulosquamous skin disease occurring worldwide,presenting at any age,and leading to a substantial burden for individuals and society.Interleukin(IL)-17A is considered the key effector cytokine inducing psoriatic inflammation and tissue damage.[1]Ixekizumab is a humanized monoclonal immunoglobulin G specifically binding to and inhibiting IL-17A.The efficacy and safety of ixekizumab in patients with psoriasis have been clearly demonstrated in several randomized clinical trials,namely UNCOVER-1,UNCOVER-2,UNCOVER-3,and UNCOVER-J.[2,3]However,the clinical research data on ixekizumab in Chinese psoriasis patients remain limited.

A superconducting wireless energiser based on electromechanical energy conversion

A superconducting magnet(SM)can produce high magnetic fields up to a dozen times stronger than those generated by an electromagnet made of normal conductors or a permanent magnet(PM),and thus has attracted increasing research efforts in many domains including medical devices,large scientific equipment,transport,energy storage,power systems,and electric machines.Wireless energisers,e.g.,high temperature superconducting(HTS)flux pumps,can eliminate the thermal load from current leads and arc erosion of slip rings,and are thus considered a promising energisation tool for SMs.However,the time‐averaged DC output voltage in existing HTS flux pumps is generated by dynamic resistance:the dynamic loss is unavoidable,and the total AC loss will become significant at high frequencies.This study introduces a highly efficient superconducting wireless energizer(SWE)designed specifically for SMs.The SWE takes advantage of the inherent properties of a superconducting loop,including flux conservation and zero DC resistivity.Extensive theoretical analysis,numerical modelling exploiting the H‐ϕformulation,and experimental measurements were conducted to demonstrate the efficiency and efficacy of the novel SWE design.The electromechanical performance and loss characteristics of the SWE system have also been investigated.Compared to conventional HTS flux pumps,the proposed SWE has lower excitation loss,in the order of 10−1 mW,and thus can achieve a high system efficiency of no less than 95%.Furthermore,it has a simpler structure with higher reliability,considered ready for further industrial development.In addition to deepening the understating of the intricate electromechanical dynamics between magnetic dipoles and superconducting circuits,this article provides a novel wireless energisation technique for SMs and opens the way to step changes in future electric transport and energy sectors.

Numerical Integration Over Implicitly Defined Domains with Topological Guarantee

Numerical integration over the implicitly defined domains is challenging due to topological variances of implicit functions.In this paper,we use interval arithmetic to identify the boundary of the integration domain exactly,thus getting the correct topology of the domain.Furthermore,a geometry-based local error estimate is explored to guide the hierarchical subdivision and save the computation cost.Numerical experiments are presented to demonstrate the accuracy and the potential of the proposed method.

Numerical Solution for Schrödinger Eigenvalue Problem Using Isogeometric Analysis on Implicit Domains

We study the accuracy and performance of isogeometric analysis on implicit domains when solving time-independent Schrödinger equation.We construct weighted extended PHT-spline basis functions for analysis,and the domain is presented with same basis functions in implicit form excluding the need for a parameterization step.Moreover,an adaptive refinement process is formulated and discussed with details.The constructed basis functions with cubic polynomials and only C^(1) continuity are enough to produce a higher continuous field approximation while maintaining the computational cost for the matrices as low as possible.A numerical implementation for the adaptivemethod is performed on Schrödinger eigenvalue problem with doublewell potential using 3 examples on different implicit domains.The convergence and performance results demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of the approach.

Spline R-Function and Applications in FEM

R-function is a widely used tool when considering objects obtained through the Boolean operations start from simple base primitives.However,there is square root operation in the representation.Considering that the use of splines will facilitate the calculations within the CAD system,in this paper,we propose a system of R-functions represented in spline form called Spline R-function(SR).After trans-forming the function ranges of two base primitives to a new coordinate system,a series of sign constraints following a specific Boolean operation are derived and the spline R-function can be formulated as a piecewise function.Representation of SR in both B´ezier form and B-spline form have been given.Among which the B´ezier ordinates are determined with the help of the B-net method through setting up a series of relations according to the sign constraints and properties of R-functions.The construction processes for both Boolean intersection and union operations with different smoothness are discussed in detail.Numerical experiments are conducted to show the potential of the proposed spline R-function.