Ductility and Ultimate Capacity of Concrete-Filled Lattice Rectangular Steel Tube Columns

A kind of concrete-filled lattice rectangular steel tube(CFLRST)column was put forward.The numerical simulation was modeled to analyze the mechanical characteristic of CFLRST column.By comparing the load-deformation curves from the test results,the rationality and reliability of the finite element model has been confirmed,moreover,the change of the section stiffness and stress in the forcing process and the ultimate bearing capacity of the column were analyzed.Based on the model,the comparison of ultimate bearing capacity and ductility between CFLRST column and reinforced concrete(RC)column were also analyzed.The results of the finite element analysis show that the loading process of CFLRST column consists of elastic stage,yield stage and failure stage.The failure modes are mainly strength failure and failure of elastoplastic instability.CFLRST column has higher bearing capacities in comparison with reinforced concrete columns with the same steel ratio.In addition,the stiffness degeneration of CFLRST column is slower than RC column and CFLRST column has good ductility.

Oral health-related quality of life between Chinese and American orthodontic patients: A two-center cross-sectional study

Background:Although oral health-related quality of life(OHRQoL)in orthodontic patients has been assessed in the past,to date,no study has compared the OHRQoL between two nations.We aimed to compare the OHRQoL between Chinese and American orthodontic patients.Methods:We conducted a two-center questionnaire-based cross-sectional study among patients who underwent orthodontic treatments at the Chinese PLA General Hospital(PLAGH)in Beijing,China and Massachusetts General Hospital(MGH)in Boston,Massachusetts,United States.Candidate variables included the participating center,patients’age,sex,Angle’s classification of malocclusion,evaluation stage,and appliances used.The primary outcome was patients’OHRQoL assessed with the Oral Health Impact Profile-14(OHIP-14).Descriptive statistics,stratification,and univariate and multivariate analyses were performed.Results:The average age was lower for PLAGH patients than for MGH patients(21.1±7.9 vs.33.1±14.6 years,P<0.001).The most common type of malocclusion was Angle’s Class III malocclusion at PLAGH(39%)and Class I malocclusion at MGH(59.5%).Clear aligners were used in 34.1%and 2.7%of the patients at MGH and PLAGH,respectively.OHIP-14 scores were lower for PLAGH patients than for MGH patients(18.4±4.7 vs.22.3±7.4,P<0.001),particularly in functional limitation,psychological discomfort/disability,and handicap.Univariate regression analysis demonstrated that participating center,age,Class I malocclusion,and the use of clear aligners were significantly associated with overall OHIP-14 scores.Multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that patients at PLAGH were associated with lower OHIP-14 scores(coefficient:-3;95%CI:-5,-1.3;P=0.001),and age was positively associated with OHIP-14 scores(coefficient:0.1;95%CI:0.004,0.13;P=0.038).Conclusion:Chinese orthodontic patients had lower OHIP-14 scores,indicating a higher OHRQoL than American patients.In addition to the younger age,this difference may be attributed to the different ethical,cultural,educational,and socioeconomic background of Chinese and American orthodontic patients.

A muon high-resolution pseudorange measurement method: Application to muon navigation in confined spaces

Confined spaces such as polar regions, deep earth and deep ocean are crucial navigation scenarios where traditional navigation techniques have difficulty in obtaining external signals for positioning. The cosmic ray muons, which carry the spatial and energetic information, are easy to penetrate these confined spaces. Therefore, the unique muon characteristic provides a new perspective to estimate detector position, which can be considered using in confined spaces navigation.In this paper, a well-developed theory of muon navigation is established by combining a muon pseudorange measurement method. Moreover, an Equivalent Velocity Calculation Model(EVCM)and a Muon Sequence Matching Technology(MSMT) are proposed. The first model corrects flight pseudorange error caused by the relativistic energy loss and the second technology compensates the random error in pseudorange measurement. Further, a series of simulations are performed to analyze the muon events number which can be received by detector in different scenarios with the variations of zenith angle, detector area, varied detector plates gap, and muon flight distance.Meanwhile, the simulation results demonstrate that the muon navigation update rate every 10 minutes can reach 5.989 in confined spaces at 100 m, and further pseudorange error analysis indicates that the meter-level positioning accuracy can be acquired. Finally, we construct a muon coincidence measurement scheme and verify that the laws of the muon positioning system for high-energy muons are consistent with the simulation results.

Stiffness Degradation Characteristics Destructive Testing and Finite-Element Analysis of Prestressed Concrete T-Beam

The failure behavior of the precast prestressed concrete T girder was investigated by destructive test and finite-element analysis,and the mid-span deflection,girder stiffness and the variation of the cross section strain in the loading process were obtained,and the mechanical properties,mechanical behavior,elastic and plastic behavior and ultimate bearing capacity of T girder with large span were revealed.Furthermore,the relationship between the beam stiffness degradation,the neutral axis in cross-section,steel yielding and concrete cracking are investigated and analyzed.A method was proposed to predict the residual bearing capacity of a bridge based on the variation of the position of the cross section strain distribution and the section neutral axis,which provided a theoretical basis for predicting the stiffness detection and carrying capacity assessment of prestressed concrete beam.

Elemental sulfur upregulated testicular testosterone biosynthesis by associating with altered gut microbiota in mice

Elemental sulfur has been used as a traditional Chinese medicine to treat the late-onset hypogonadism and impotence without a clarified mechanism for many hundreds of years.In the present study,mice were received sulfur or distilled water for 35 days by daily intragastric gavage at a dose of 250 mg/kg body weight.Then,the serum testosterone level and genes associated with testicular testosterone biosynthesis(TTB)were detected.The gut microbiota was also analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing.Serum testosterone level was significantly increased by 291.1%in sulfur-treated mice.The H2S levels in serum and feces were significantly increased.The expression of genes associated with TTB including StAR,p450c17,3β-HSD,and P450scc in testes were significantly upregulated by Sulfur and NaHS,suggesting that sulfur promotes TTB depending on H2S.In addition,sulfur increased the diversity of gut microbiota and the abundance of several bacteria associated with sulfur metabolism,including genus Prevotella,which might be positively associated with serum level of testosterone in boys.Five pathways including bile secretion,carotenoid biosynthesis,lipid biosynthesis proteins,propanoate metabolism,and biosynthesis of type II polyketide products,were identified to associate with sulfur.Together,our results suggested that sulfur upregulated testicular testosterone biosynthesis via H2S,which was associated with alteration of gut microbiota in mice.Our study highlights a mechanism for the treatment of late-onset hypogonadism and impotence by sulfur.

Sensitivity improvement of aluminum-based far-ultraviolet nearly guided-wave surface plasmon resonance sensor

An aluminum(Al)based nearly guided-wave surface plasmon resonance(NGWSPR)sensor is investigated in the far-ultraviolet(FUV)region.By simultaneously optimizing the thickness of Al and dielectric films,the sensitivity of the optimized Al-based FUV-NGWSPR sensor increases from 183/RIU to 309/RIU,and its figure of merit rises from 26.47 RIU^(-1)to 32.59 RIU^(-1)when the refractive index of dielectric increases from 2 to 5.Compared with a traditional FUV-SPR sensor without dielectric,the optimized FUV-NGWSPR sensor can realize simultaneous improvement of sensitivity and figure of merit.In addition,the FUV-NGWSPR sensor with realistic materials(diamond,Ta_(2)O_(5),and GaN)is also investigated,and 137.84%,52.70%,and 41.89%sensitivity improvements are achieved respectively.This work proposes a method for performance improvement of FUV-SPR sensors by exciting nearly guided-wave,and could be helpful for the high-performance SPR sensor in the short-wavelength region.

Both IDO1 and TDO contribute to the malignancy of gliomas via the Kyn–AhR–AQP4 signaling pathway

Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1(IDO1),indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 2(IDO2),and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase(TDO)initiate the first step of the kynurenine pathway(KP),leading to the transformation of L-tryptophan(Trp)into L-kynurenine(Kyn)and other downstream metabolites.Kyn is known as an endogenous ligand of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor(AhR).Activation of AhR through TDO-derived Kyn is a novel mechanism to support tumor growth in gliomas.However,the role of IDO1 and IDO2 in this mechanism is still unknown.Herein,by using clinical samples,we found that the expression and activity of IDO1 and/or TDO(IDO1/TDO)rather than IDO2 were positively correlated with the pathologic grades of gliomas.The expression of IDO1/TDO rather than IDO2 was positively correlated with the Ki67 index and overall survival.The expression of IDO1/TDO was positively correlated with the expression of aquaporin 4(AQP4),implying the potential involvement of IDO1/TDO in glioma cell motility.Mechanistically,we found that IDO1/TDO accounted for the release of Kyn,which activated AhR to promote cell motility via the Kyn–AhR–AQP4 signaling pathway in U87MG glioma cells.RY103,an IDO1/TDO dual inhibitor,could block the IDO1/TDO–Kyn–AhR–AQP4 signaling pathway and exert anti-glioma effects in GL261 orthotopic glioma mice.Together,our results showed that the IDO1/TDO–Kyn–AhR–AQP4 signaling pathway is a new mechanism underlying the malignancy of gliomas,and suggest that both IDO1 and TDO might be valuable therapeutic targets for gliomas.

A calibration-free model for laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy using non-gated detectors

Calibration-free(CF)laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS)is normally only applicable for gated detectors due to its dependence on the assumption of a steady-state plasma.However,most currently available LIBS systems are equipped with non-gated detectors such as chargecoupled device(CCD),which degrades the accuracy of CF method.In this paper,the reason for the less satisfactory quantification performance of CF for LIBS with non-gated detectors was clarified and a time-integration calibration-free(TICF)model was proposed for applications with non-gated detectors.It was based on an assumed temporal profile of plasma properties,including temperature and electron density,obtained from another pre-experiment.The line intensity at different time during the signal collection time window was estimated with self-absorption correction according to the temporal profile of the plasma properties.The proposed model was validated on titanium alloys and compared with traditional CF.The accuracy of elemental concentration measurement was improved significantly:the average relative error of aluminum and vanadium decreased from 6.07%and 22.34%to 2.01%and 1.92%,respectively.The quantification results showed that TICF method was able to extend the applicability of CF to LIBS with non-gated detectors.

Correction:Both IDO1 and TDO contribute to the malignancy of gliomas via the Kyn-AhR-AQP4 signaling pathway

In the process of collating the raw data,the authors noticed the inadvertent mistakes in Fig.4h&6g that need to be corrected.The correct data are provided as follows.The key findings of the article are not affected by the corrections.We apologize for the inadvertent mistakes.The authors mistakenly placed the wrong representative image showing the invasion ability of U87MG cells in the IFN-γ+1-MT group.The correct version of Fig.4h is shown above.

水陆两栖飞机灭火飞行仿真系统构建与仿真

大型固定翼灭火飞机是应对森林火灾最有效的工具之一。首先针对中国缺少大型灭火飞机投水灭火飞行仿真系统的现状,基于水陆两栖灭火飞机投水灭火任务流程,对投汲水灭火仿真任务子系统、灭火飞机投汲水灭火仿真场景构建、投水数据处理与灭火效能评估方法进行了研究,设计和构建了一种水陆两栖飞机灭火飞行仿真系统,实现了大型灭火飞机投水灭火任务全流程飞行仿真。其次通过使用K-S检验方法对仿真飞行投水数据与真实飞行试验投水数据进行统计学检验,证实了本仿真系统具有较高的仿真真实度。最后还研究了在灭火飞行仿真中投水速度和投水高度对投水覆盖面积、投水均匀度和投水有效利用率3个灭火效能参数的影响,为灭火飞机指挥员进行投水方案的制订提供了支撑。本文成果对于提高灭火飞机飞行员培训效率,节省培训费用,节约灭火飞机飞行试验费用,缩短飞行试验的时间,加快中国森林航空消防力量建设具有参考意义。

Molecular behavior and interactions with microbes during anaerobic degradation of bio-derived DOM in waste leachate

It is the key to control bio-derived dissolved organic matters (DOM) in order to reduce the effluent concentration of wastewater treatment, especially for waste leachate with high organic contaminants. In the present study, the anaerobic degradation of aerobically stabilized DOM was investigated with DOM substrate isolated through electrodialysis. The degradation of bio-derived DOM was confirmed by reduction of 15%of total organic carbon in 100 days.We characterized the molecular behavior of bio-derived DOM by coupling molecular and biological information analysis. Venn based Sankey diagram of mass features showed the transformation of bio-derived DOM mass features. Occurrence frequency analysis divided mass features into six categories so as to distinguish the fates of intermediate metabolites and persistent compounds. Reactivity continuum model and machine learning technologies realized the semi-quantitative determination on the kinetics of DOM mass features in the form of pseudo-first order, and confirmed the reduction of inert mass features. Furthermore, network analysis statistically establish relationship between DOM mass features and microbes to identify the active microbes that are able to utilize bio-derived DOM. This work confirmed the biological technology is still effective in controlling recalcitrant bio-derived DOM during wastewater treatment.

Effects of subchronic oral toxic metal exposure on the intestinal microbiota of mice

Oral exposure to toxic metals such as cadmium(Cd), lead(Pb), copper(Cu) and aluminum(Al) can induce various adverse health effects in humans and animals. However, the effects of these metals on the gut microbiota have received limited attention. The present study demonstrated that long-term toxic metal exposure altered the intestinal microbiota of mice in a metal-specific and time-dependent manner.Subchronic oral Cu exposure for eight weeks caused a profound decline in gut microbial diversity in mice,whereas no significant changes were observed in groups treated with other metals. Cd exposure significantly increased the relative abundances of organisms from the genera Alistipes and Odoribacter and caused marked decreases in Mollicutes and unclassified Ruminococcaceae. Pb exposure significantly decreased the abundances of eight genera: unclassified and uncultured Ruminococcaceae, unclassified Lachnospiraceae, Ruminiclostridium_9, Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group, Oscillibacter, Anaerotruncus and Lachnoclostridium. Cu exposure affected abundances of the genera Alistipes, Bacteroides,Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014, Allobaculum, Mollicutes_RF9_norank, Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group,Ruminococcaceae_unclassified and Turicibacter. Al exposure increased the abundance of Odoribacter and decreased that of Anaerotruncus. Exposure to any metal for eight weeks significantly decreased the abundance of Akkermansia. These results provide a new understanding regarding the role of toxic metals in the pathogenesis of intestinal and systemic disorders in the host within the gut microbiota framework.

Cancer classification with data augmentation based on generative adversarial networks

Accurate diagnosis is a significant step in cancer treatment.Machine learning can support doctors in prognosis decision-making,and its performance is always weakened by the high dimension and small quantity of genetic data.Fortunately,deep learning can effectively process the high dimensional data with growing.However,the problem of inadequate data remains unsolved and has lowered the performance of deep learning.To end it,we propose a generative adversarial model that uses non target cancer data to help target generator training.We use the reconstruction loss to further stabilize model training and improve the quality of generated samples.We also present a cancer classification model to optimize classification performance.Experimental results prove that mean absolute error of cancer gene made by our model is 19.3%lower than DC-GAN,and the classification accuracy rate of our produced data is higher than the data created by GAN.As for the classification model,the classification accuracy of our model reaches 92.6%,which is 7.6%higher than the model without any generated data.