Purpose The high-energy cosmic radiation detection(HERD)is a dedicated space cosmic ray detector,planned to be launched and installed on the China Space Station(CSS)around 2027.One of the main goals of HERD is to meas...Purpose The high-energy cosmic radiation detection(HERD)is a dedicated space cosmic ray detector,planned to be launched and installed on the China Space Station(CSS)around 2027.One of the main goals of HERD is to measure the composition and energy spectra of cosmic rays(CR)with energies as high as several PeV by using silicon charge detectors(SCD)(Altomare et al.in The silicon charge detector of the high energy cosmic radiation detection facility,2023),plastic scintillator detectors(PSD)(Kyratzis et al.in Proceedings of Sc.(ICRC2021),vol.651,2021),and 3D calorimeters(CALO)(Liu et al.in J Instrum 18(09):09002,2023).To assess HERD’s charge measurement capability during the beam test,a particle identification detector(PID)with a large dynamic range is required.Methods A Si-PIN-based PID detector is conceptualized and manufactured.It is composed of four layers,each containing 30 Si-PIN sensors.In four IDE1160 ASICs,the signals from the Si-PIN arrays are preamplified,shaped,peak-held,and serially read out by four IDE1160 ASICs.A DAQ system is created to digitize the analog signals from ASICs,organize the data package,and transfer it to the host computer.Results and conclusion Before going to the beam test,the dynamic range,linearity,pedestal,and noise level of each channel in PID were studied at home.The dynamic range is 0 to+5 pC,the linearity is better than 2%,and the RMSE(Root Mean Square Error)of the pedestal is about 1 fC.The preliminary beam test results show that PID is capable of detecting heavy ions from(Be)to(Ga),and the charge resolution is better than 0.3 charge units(c.u.).展开更多
The high energy cosmic-radiation detection(HERD)facility is a space mission designed for detecting cosmic ray(CR)electrons,γ-rays up to tens of TeV and CR nuclei from proton to iron up to several PeV.The main instrum...The high energy cosmic-radiation detection(HERD)facility is a space mission designed for detecting cosmic ray(CR)electrons,γ-rays up to tens of TeV and CR nuclei from proton to iron up to several PeV.The main instrument of HERD is a 3-D imaging calorimeter(CALO)composed of nearly ten thousand lutetium yttrium orthosilicate(LYSO,with cerium doping)crystal cubes.A large dynamic range of single HERD CALO Cell(HCC)is necessary to achieve HERD’s PeV observation objectives,which means that the response of HCC should maintain a good linearity from minimum ionizing particle(MIP)calibration to PeV shower maximum.In order to study the linearity ofHCC over such a large energy range,a beam test has been implemented at the E2 and E3 beam lines of BEPC.High intensity pulsed electron beam provided by E2 line is used for producing high energy density within HCC;π^(+)/proton provided by E3 line are used forHCCcalibration.The results showthat no saturation effect occurs and the linearity ofHCCis better than 10%from 30 MeV(1MIP)to 1.1×10^(3) TeV(energy density is 93 TeV/cm^(3)),which can meet the requirement mentioned above.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11903037,12061131007).
文摘Purpose The high-energy cosmic radiation detection(HERD)is a dedicated space cosmic ray detector,planned to be launched and installed on the China Space Station(CSS)around 2027.One of the main goals of HERD is to measure the composition and energy spectra of cosmic rays(CR)with energies as high as several PeV by using silicon charge detectors(SCD)(Altomare et al.in The silicon charge detector of the high energy cosmic radiation detection facility,2023),plastic scintillator detectors(PSD)(Kyratzis et al.in Proceedings of Sc.(ICRC2021),vol.651,2021),and 3D calorimeters(CALO)(Liu et al.in J Instrum 18(09):09002,2023).To assess HERD’s charge measurement capability during the beam test,a particle identification detector(PID)with a large dynamic range is required.Methods A Si-PIN-based PID detector is conceptualized and manufactured.It is composed of four layers,each containing 30 Si-PIN sensors.In four IDE1160 ASICs,the signals from the Si-PIN arrays are preamplified,shaped,peak-held,and serially read out by four IDE1160 ASICs.A DAQ system is created to digitize the analog signals from ASICs,organize the data package,and transfer it to the host computer.Results and conclusion Before going to the beam test,the dynamic range,linearity,pedestal,and noise level of each channel in PID were studied at home.The dynamic range is 0 to+5 pC,the linearity is better than 2%,and the RMSE(Root Mean Square Error)of the pedestal is about 1 fC.The preliminary beam test results show that PID is capable of detecting heavy ions from(Be)to(Ga),and the charge resolution is better than 0.3 charge units(c.u.).
基金This research was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant No.11327303,11473028 and 11675196International Science and Technology Cooperation Program of China,Grant No.2015DFA10140+3 种基金Interdisciplinary Innovation Team Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Research Team of The High Energy cosmic-Radiation Detection)Qianren start-up,Grant No.292012312D1117210Strategic Pioneer Program in Space Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Grant No.XDA04075600Youth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS,Grant No.2014009.The authors would like to thank Dr.Sun Jianchao,Dr.Zhang Xuan,Dr.Zhang Xiaofeng and Dr.Ning Zhe for their support.
文摘The high energy cosmic-radiation detection(HERD)facility is a space mission designed for detecting cosmic ray(CR)electrons,γ-rays up to tens of TeV and CR nuclei from proton to iron up to several PeV.The main instrument of HERD is a 3-D imaging calorimeter(CALO)composed of nearly ten thousand lutetium yttrium orthosilicate(LYSO,with cerium doping)crystal cubes.A large dynamic range of single HERD CALO Cell(HCC)is necessary to achieve HERD’s PeV observation objectives,which means that the response of HCC should maintain a good linearity from minimum ionizing particle(MIP)calibration to PeV shower maximum.In order to study the linearity ofHCC over such a large energy range,a beam test has been implemented at the E2 and E3 beam lines of BEPC.High intensity pulsed electron beam provided by E2 line is used for producing high energy density within HCC;π^(+)/proton provided by E3 line are used forHCCcalibration.The results showthat no saturation effect occurs and the linearity ofHCCis better than 10%from 30 MeV(1MIP)to 1.1×10^(3) TeV(energy density is 93 TeV/cm^(3)),which can meet the requirement mentioned above.
