Industrial pollution has a significant effect on aerosol properties in Changsha City,a typical city of central China.Therefore,year-round measurements of aerosol optical,radiative and chemical properties from 2012 to ...Industrial pollution has a significant effect on aerosol properties in Changsha City,a typical city of central China.Therefore,year-round measurements of aerosol optical,radiative and chemical properties from 2012 to 2014 at an urban site in Changsha were analyzed.During the observation period,the energy structure was continuously optimized,which was characterized by the reduction of coal combustion.The aerosol properties have obvious seasonal variations.The seasonal average aerosol optical depth(AOD)at 500 nm ranged from 0.49 to 1.00,single scattering albedo(SSA)ranged from 0.93 to 0.97,and aerosol radiative forcing at the top of the atmosphere(TOA)ranged from−24.0 to 3.8 W m^−2.The chemical components also showed seasonal variations.Meanwhile,the scattering aerosol,such as organic carbon,SO42−,NO3−,and NH4+showed a decrease,and elemental carbon increased.Compared with observation in winter 2012,AOD and TOA decreased by 0.14 and−1.49 W m^−2 in winter 2014.The scattering components,SO42−,NO3−and NH4+,decreased by 12.8μg m^−3(56.8%),9.2μg m^−3(48.8%)and 6.4μg m^−3(45.2%),respectively.The atmospheric visibility and pollution diffusion conditions improved.The extinction and radiative forcing of aerosol were significantly controlled by the scattering aerosol.The results indicate that Changsha is an industrial city with strong scattering aerosol.The energy structure optimization had a marked effect on controlling pollution,especially in winter(strong scattering aerosol).展开更多
In order to study the concentrations of major components,characteristics and comparison in hazy and non-hazy days of PM10 in Beijing,aerosol samples were collected at urban site in Beijing from December 29,2014 to Jan...In order to study the concentrations of major components,characteristics and comparison in hazy and non-hazy days of PM10 in Beijing,aerosol samples were collected at urban site in Beijing from December 29,2014 to January 22,2015.Heavy metals like Zn,Pb,Mn,Cu,As,V,Cr and Cd were deeply studied considering their toxic effects on human being;nine water-soluble inorganic ions(SO4^2-,NO3^-,NH4^+,Na^+,K^+,Cl^-,Ca^2+and Mg^2+)and carbon fractions(OC and EC)were also analyzed.The concentrations of heavy metals were 1.03–1.98 times higher in hazy days than those in non-hazy days,mainly due to biomass burning and coal burning.The trends in total heavy metals concentrations were basically consistent with the trends in PM concentrations except for two obvious periods(12.29–12.30;1.14–1.15);but when air masses accumulated locally or around Beijing,trends in PM concentrations and heavy metals were opposite.The proportion for NO3^-/SO4^2-indicated that mobile sources such as automobiles were important reasons for haze in Beijing.Correlation between OC and EC during non-hazy days was strong(R^2=0.95)but it was low(R^2=0.67)during hazy days,and large variations for OC/EC values occurred in hazy days.The calculated mass concentration of SOC is 2.58μg/m^3,which only accounted for 10.1%of the OC concentration.When air masses from the far north-west,they decreased PM concentration in Beijing and they were relatively clean;however,those from the near east,south-east and south of the mainland increased PM concentration and they were dirty.展开更多
基金This study was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2016YFC0202001)the Chinese Academy of Sciences Strategic Priority Research Program(Grant No.XDA23020301)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42061130215 and 41605119).
文摘Industrial pollution has a significant effect on aerosol properties in Changsha City,a typical city of central China.Therefore,year-round measurements of aerosol optical,radiative and chemical properties from 2012 to 2014 at an urban site in Changsha were analyzed.During the observation period,the energy structure was continuously optimized,which was characterized by the reduction of coal combustion.The aerosol properties have obvious seasonal variations.The seasonal average aerosol optical depth(AOD)at 500 nm ranged from 0.49 to 1.00,single scattering albedo(SSA)ranged from 0.93 to 0.97,and aerosol radiative forcing at the top of the atmosphere(TOA)ranged from−24.0 to 3.8 W m^−2.The chemical components also showed seasonal variations.Meanwhile,the scattering aerosol,such as organic carbon,SO42−,NO3−,and NH4+showed a decrease,and elemental carbon increased.Compared with observation in winter 2012,AOD and TOA decreased by 0.14 and−1.49 W m^−2 in winter 2014.The scattering components,SO42−,NO3−and NH4+,decreased by 12.8μg m^−3(56.8%),9.2μg m^−3(48.8%)and 6.4μg m^−3(45.2%),respectively.The atmospheric visibility and pollution diffusion conditions improved.The extinction and radiative forcing of aerosol were significantly controlled by the scattering aerosol.The results indicate that Changsha is an industrial city with strong scattering aerosol.The energy structure optimization had a marked effect on controlling pollution,especially in winter(strong scattering aerosol).
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China grant number 2016YFC0202001the Chinese Academy of Sciences Strategic Priority Research Program grant number XDA23020301+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China grant numbers 41375036 and 91644226the National Key Research and Development Program of China grant number2018YFC0214002。
基金supported by the International Partnership Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(IPP)(No.134111KYSB20180021)the National Natural Science Foundations of China(No.41590871)+2 种基金the National Key R&D Program of China(no.2017YFB0504000)the National Natural Science Foundations of China(No.41475136)the International Science&Technology Cooperation Program of China(No.2013DFG22820)
文摘In order to study the concentrations of major components,characteristics and comparison in hazy and non-hazy days of PM10 in Beijing,aerosol samples were collected at urban site in Beijing from December 29,2014 to January 22,2015.Heavy metals like Zn,Pb,Mn,Cu,As,V,Cr and Cd were deeply studied considering their toxic effects on human being;nine water-soluble inorganic ions(SO4^2-,NO3^-,NH4^+,Na^+,K^+,Cl^-,Ca^2+and Mg^2+)and carbon fractions(OC and EC)were also analyzed.The concentrations of heavy metals were 1.03–1.98 times higher in hazy days than those in non-hazy days,mainly due to biomass burning and coal burning.The trends in total heavy metals concentrations were basically consistent with the trends in PM concentrations except for two obvious periods(12.29–12.30;1.14–1.15);but when air masses accumulated locally or around Beijing,trends in PM concentrations and heavy metals were opposite.The proportion for NO3^-/SO4^2-indicated that mobile sources such as automobiles were important reasons for haze in Beijing.Correlation between OC and EC during non-hazy days was strong(R^2=0.95)but it was low(R^2=0.67)during hazy days,and large variations for OC/EC values occurred in hazy days.The calculated mass concentration of SOC is 2.58μg/m^3,which only accounted for 10.1%of the OC concentration.When air masses from the far north-west,they decreased PM concentration in Beijing and they were relatively clean;however,those from the near east,south-east and south of the mainland increased PM concentration and they were dirty.
