The performance of nanoparticles is often affected by particle size and morphology.Currently,electron microscopy or atomic force microscopy is typically utilized to determine the size and morphology of nanoparticles.H...The performance of nanoparticles is often affected by particle size and morphology.Currently,electron microscopy or atomic force microscopy is typically utilized to determine the size and morphology of nanoparticles.However,there are issues such as difficult sample preparation,long processing times,and challenges in quantitative characterization.Therefore,it is of great significance to develop a fast,accu-rate,and statistical method to measure the size and morphology of nanoparticles.In this study,a new method,called polarized imaging dynamic light scattering(PIDLS),is proposed.The nanoparticles are irradiated with a vertical linearly polarized laser beam,and a polarization camera collected the dynamic light scattering images of particles at four different polarization directions(0°,45°,90°,and 135°)at a scattering angle of 90°.The average particle size and distribution are obtained using the imaging dy-namic light scattering method at 0°polarization direction,and the morphology of the particles is ob-tained based on the depolarization patterns of the scattered light.The optical sphericityΦis defined based on the degree of linear polarization(DoLP).It is also implemented for the quantitative evaluation of the sphericity of the nanoparticles,including spherical,octahedral,nanoplate,nanorod,and linear ones.Together with the Poincarésphere parameterψ,the morphology of the nanoparticles can be roughly identified.In addition,PIDLS enables the measurement of particle size and morphology distributions simultaneously for evaluating the uniformity of particles.The effectiveness of PIDLS is verified by the measurement of five kinds of industrial titanium dioxide as well.展开更多
Alkalicarbonate-based sorbents(ACSs),including Na_(2)CO_(3)-and K2CO_(3)-based sorbents,are promising for CO_(2)capture.However,the complex sorbent components and operation conditions lead to the versatile kinetics of...Alkalicarbonate-based sorbents(ACSs),including Na_(2)CO_(3)-and K2CO_(3)-based sorbents,are promising for CO_(2)capture.However,the complex sorbent components and operation conditions lead to the versatile kinetics of CO_(2)sorption on these sorbents.This paper proposed that operando modeling and measurements are powerful tools to understand the mechanism of sorbents in real operating conditions,facilitating the sorbent development,reactor design,and operation parameter optimization.It reviewed the theoretical simulation achievements during the development of ACSs.It elucidated the findings obtained by utilizing density functional theory(DFT)calculations,ab initio molecular dynamics(AIMD)simulations,and classical molecular dynamics(CMD)simulations as well.The hygroscopicity of sorbent and the humidity of gas flow are crucial to shifting the carbonation reaction from the gas-solid mode to the gas-liquid mode,boosting the kinetics.Moreover,it briefly introduced a machine learning(ML)approach as a promising method to aid sorbent design.Furthermore,it demonstrated a conceptual compact operando measurement system in order to understand the behavior of ACSs in the real operation process.The proposed measurement system includes a micro fluidizedbed(MFB)reactor for kinetic analysis,a multi-camera sub-system for 3D particle movement tracking,and a combined Raman and IR sub-system for solid/gas components and temperature monitoring.It is believed that this system is useful to evaluate the real-time sorbent performance,validating the theoretical prediction and promoting the industrial scale-up of ACSs for CO_(2)capture.展开更多
基金supported by Shanghai Sailing Program(grant No.22YF1429600).
文摘The performance of nanoparticles is often affected by particle size and morphology.Currently,electron microscopy or atomic force microscopy is typically utilized to determine the size and morphology of nanoparticles.However,there are issues such as difficult sample preparation,long processing times,and challenges in quantitative characterization.Therefore,it is of great significance to develop a fast,accu-rate,and statistical method to measure the size and morphology of nanoparticles.In this study,a new method,called polarized imaging dynamic light scattering(PIDLS),is proposed.The nanoparticles are irradiated with a vertical linearly polarized laser beam,and a polarization camera collected the dynamic light scattering images of particles at four different polarization directions(0°,45°,90°,and 135°)at a scattering angle of 90°.The average particle size and distribution are obtained using the imaging dy-namic light scattering method at 0°polarization direction,and the morphology of the particles is ob-tained based on the depolarization patterns of the scattered light.The optical sphericityΦis defined based on the degree of linear polarization(DoLP).It is also implemented for the quantitative evaluation of the sphericity of the nanoparticles,including spherical,octahedral,nanoplate,nanorod,and linear ones.Together with the Poincarésphere parameterψ,the morphology of the nanoparticles can be roughly identified.In addition,PIDLS enables the measurement of particle size and morphology distributions simultaneously for evaluating the uniformity of particles.The effectiveness of PIDLS is verified by the measurement of five kinds of industrial titanium dioxide as well.
基金the Shanghai Sailing Program(Grant No.22YF1429600)the Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of Carbon Emission Peak and Carbon Neutrality of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.BK20220001).
文摘Alkalicarbonate-based sorbents(ACSs),including Na_(2)CO_(3)-and K2CO_(3)-based sorbents,are promising for CO_(2)capture.However,the complex sorbent components and operation conditions lead to the versatile kinetics of CO_(2)sorption on these sorbents.This paper proposed that operando modeling and measurements are powerful tools to understand the mechanism of sorbents in real operating conditions,facilitating the sorbent development,reactor design,and operation parameter optimization.It reviewed the theoretical simulation achievements during the development of ACSs.It elucidated the findings obtained by utilizing density functional theory(DFT)calculations,ab initio molecular dynamics(AIMD)simulations,and classical molecular dynamics(CMD)simulations as well.The hygroscopicity of sorbent and the humidity of gas flow are crucial to shifting the carbonation reaction from the gas-solid mode to the gas-liquid mode,boosting the kinetics.Moreover,it briefly introduced a machine learning(ML)approach as a promising method to aid sorbent design.Furthermore,it demonstrated a conceptual compact operando measurement system in order to understand the behavior of ACSs in the real operation process.The proposed measurement system includes a micro fluidizedbed(MFB)reactor for kinetic analysis,a multi-camera sub-system for 3D particle movement tracking,and a combined Raman and IR sub-system for solid/gas components and temperature monitoring.It is believed that this system is useful to evaluate the real-time sorbent performance,validating the theoretical prediction and promoting the industrial scale-up of ACSs for CO_(2)capture.
