Designing the microstructure of Fe-Ni permalloy produced by additive manufacturing(AM)opens new avenues to tailor its magnetic properties.Yet,AM-produced parts suffer from spatially inhomogeneous thermal-mechanical an...Designing the microstructure of Fe-Ni permalloy produced by additive manufacturing(AM)opens new avenues to tailor its magnetic properties.Yet,AM-produced parts suffer from spatially inhomogeneous thermal-mechanical and magnetic responses,which are less investigated in terms of process modeling and simulations.We present a powder-resolved multiphysics-multiscale simulation scheme for describing magnetic hysteresis in AM-produced material,explicitly considering the coupled thermal-structural evolution with associated thermo-elasto-plastic behaviors and chemical order-disorder transitions.The residual stress is identified as the key thread in connecting the physical processes and phenomena across scales.By employing this scheme,we investigate the dependence of the fusion zone size,the residual stress and plastic strain,and the magnetic hysteresis of AM-produced Fe_(21.5)Ni_(78.5) on beam power and scan speed.Simulation results also suggest a phenomenological relation between magnetic coercivity and average residual stress,which can guide the magnetic hysteresis design of soft magnetic materials by choosing appropriate processing parameters.展开更多
基金B.-X.X.acknowledges the financial support of German Science Foundation(DFG)in the framework of the Collaborative Research Centre Transregio 270(CRC-TRR 270,project number 405553726,sub-projects A06,B07,Z-INF)and 361(CRC-TRR 361,project number 492661287,sub-projects A05)the Research Training Groups 2561(GRK 2561,project number 413956820,sub-project A4)+2 种基金the Priority Program 2256(SPP 2256,project number 441153493)and 2122(SPP 2122,project number 493889809)X.Z.acknowledges the support from Sichuan Science and Technology Program(project number 2023NSFSC0910)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(project number 2023SCU12103).The authors acknowl-edge the support by the Open Access Publishing Fund of Technische UniversitäDarmstadt.The authors also greatly appreciate the access to the Lichtenberg II High-Performance Computer(HPC)and the technique supports from the HHLR,Technische Universität Darmstadt,and the GPU Cluster from the CRC-TRR 270 sub-project Z-INF.The computating time on the HPC is granted by the NHR4CES Resource Allocation Board under the project“special00007”.Y.Y.also highly thanks the Master’s student Akinola Ayodeji Clement for helping with SLS and thermo-elasto-plastic simulations.
文摘Designing the microstructure of Fe-Ni permalloy produced by additive manufacturing(AM)opens new avenues to tailor its magnetic properties.Yet,AM-produced parts suffer from spatially inhomogeneous thermal-mechanical and magnetic responses,which are less investigated in terms of process modeling and simulations.We present a powder-resolved multiphysics-multiscale simulation scheme for describing magnetic hysteresis in AM-produced material,explicitly considering the coupled thermal-structural evolution with associated thermo-elasto-plastic behaviors and chemical order-disorder transitions.The residual stress is identified as the key thread in connecting the physical processes and phenomena across scales.By employing this scheme,we investigate the dependence of the fusion zone size,the residual stress and plastic strain,and the magnetic hysteresis of AM-produced Fe_(21.5)Ni_(78.5) on beam power and scan speed.Simulation results also suggest a phenomenological relation between magnetic coercivity and average residual stress,which can guide the magnetic hysteresis design of soft magnetic materials by choosing appropriate processing parameters.
