BACKGROUND Osteoporosis is a common metabolic bone disorder induced by an imbalance between osteoclastic activity and osteogenic activity.During osteoporosis,bone mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)exhibit an increased abil...BACKGROUND Osteoporosis is a common metabolic bone disorder induced by an imbalance between osteoclastic activity and osteogenic activity.During osteoporosis,bone mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)exhibit an increased ability to differentiate into adipocytes and a decreased ability to differentiate into osteoblasts,resulting in bone loss.Jumonji domain-containing 1C(JMJD1C)has been demonstrated to suppress osteoclastogenesis.AIM To examine the effect of JMJD1C on the osteogenesis of BMSCs and the potential underlying mechanism.METHODS BMSCs were isolated from mouse bone marrow tissues.Oil Red O staining,Alizarin red staining,alkaline phosphatase staining and the expression of adipo-genic and osteogenic-associated genes were assessed to determine the differen-tiation of BMSCs.Bone marrow-derived macrophages(BMMs)were incubated with receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaΒligand to induce osteoclast differentiation,and osteoclast differen-tiation was confirmed by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining.Other related genes were measured via reverse transcription coupled to the quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to measure the levels of inflammatory cytokines,including tumor necrosis factor alpha,interleukin-6 and interleukin-1 beta.RESULTS The osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation potential of BMSCs isolated from mouse bone marrow samples was evaluated.JMJD1C mRNA and protein expression was upregulated in BMSCs after osteoblast induction,while p-nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB)and inflammatory cytokines were not significantly altered.Knockdown of JMJD1C repressed osteogenic differentiation and enhanced NF-κB activation and inflammatory cytokine release in BMSCs.Moreover,JMJD1C expression decreased during BMM osteoclast differentiation.CONCLUSION The JMJD1C/NF-κB signaling pathway is potentially involved in BMSC osteogenic differentiation and may play vital roles in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis.展开更多
BACKGROUND To assess the effectiveness of Shugan Jieyu capsules on peripheral blood miR-124,miR-132,and brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)levels in patients with mild to moderate depression following coronary art...BACKGROUND To assess the effectiveness of Shugan Jieyu capsules on peripheral blood miR-124,miR-132,and brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)levels in patients with mild to moderate depression following coronary artery intervention[percuta-neous coronary intervention(PCI)]for coronary heart disease.Patients with mild-to-moderate depression of the liver-qi stagnation type after PCI for coronary heart disease at the 305th Hospital of the People’s Liberation Army were enrolled from June 2022 to November 2023 and randomly assigned to two groups:Experimental(treated with Shugan Jieyu capsules)and control(tr-eated with escitalopram oxalate tablets).This study compared the antidepressant effects of these treatments using 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression(HAMD-17)scores,metabolic equivalents,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,BDNF,high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels,miR-124 and miR-132 levels,distribution of immune-related lymphocyte subsets,and traditional Chinese me-dicine syndrome scores before and after 6 weeks of treatment.RESULTS No significant difference was observed in any index between the two groups before treatment(P>0.05).After treatment,the total efficacy rates were 93.33%and 90.00%in the experimental and control groups,respectively.Experimental group had significantly lower scores for the main and secondary syndromes compared to the control group(P<0.05).No significant difference was observed in the metabolic equivalents between the two groups be-fore and after treatment(P>0.05).The levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,high-sensitivity C-reactive pro-tein,and miR-132 were significantly lower,whereas those of miR-124,BDNF,CD3+T lymphocytes,CD3+CD4+T helper lymphocytes,and CD3+CD4+/CD3+CD8+cells were significantly higher in the experimental group com-pared to the control group(P<0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions during experimental group was signi-ficantly lower than that in control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Shugan Jieyu capsules have good efficacy in patients with mild-to-moderate depression after PCI,and its me-chanism may contribute to the regulation of miR-124,miR-132,BDNF levels,and lymphoid immune cells.展开更多
BACKGROUND Malignant obstructive jaundice(MOJ)is a condition characterized by varying degrees of bile duct stenosis and obstruction,accompanied by the progressive development of malignant tumors,leading to high morbid...BACKGROUND Malignant obstructive jaundice(MOJ)is a condition characterized by varying degrees of bile duct stenosis and obstruction,accompanied by the progressive development of malignant tumors,leading to high morbidity and mortality rates.Currently,the two most commonly employed methods for its management are percutaneous transhepatic bile duct drainage(PTBD)and endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage(EUS-BD).While both methods have demonstrated favorable outcomes,additional research needs to be performed to determine their relative efficacy.To compare the therapeutic effectiveness of EUS-BD and PTBD in treating MOJ.METHODS This retrospective analysis,conducted between September 2015 and April 2023 at The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University(The First People’s Hospital of Changzhou),involved 68 patients with MOJ.The patients were divided into two groups on the basis of surgical procedure received:EUS-BD subgroup(n=33)and PTBD subgroup(n=35).Variables such as general data,preoperative and postoperative indices,blood routine,liver function indices,myocardial function indices,operative success rate,clinical effectiveness,and complication rate were analyzed and compared between the subgroups.RESULTS In the EUS-BD subgroup,hospital stay duration,bile drainage volume,effective catheter time,and clinical effect-iveness rate were superior to those in the PTBD subgroup,although the differences were not statistically significant(P>0.05).The puncture time for the EUS-BD subgroup was shorter than that for the PTBD subgroup(P<0.05).Postoperative blood routine,liver function index,and myocardial function index in the EUS-BD subgroup were significantly lower than those in the PTBD subgroup(P<0.05).Additionally,the complication rate in the EUS-BD subgroup was lower than in the PTBD subgroup(P<0.05).CONCLUSION EUS-BD may reduce the number of punctures,improve liver and myocardial functions,alleviate traumatic stress,and decrease complication rates in MOJ treatment.展开更多
Genistein is effective against amyloid-β toxicity, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. We hypothesized that genistein may protect neurons by inhibiting the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, and thereby play a r...Genistein is effective against amyloid-β toxicity, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. We hypothesized that genistein may protect neurons by inhibiting the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, and thereby play a role in the prevention of Alzheimer＇s disease. A rat model of Alzheimer＇s disease was established by intraperitoneal injection of D-galactose and intracerebral injection of amyloid-β peptide （25-35）. In the genistein treatment groups, a 7-day pretreatment with genistein （10, 30, 90 mg/kg） was given prior to establishing Alzheimer＇s disease model, for 49 consecutive days. Terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling assay demonstrated a reduction in apoptosis in the hippocampus of rats treated with genistein. Western blot analysis showed that expression levels of capase-3, Bax and cytochrome c were decreased compared with the model group. Furthermore, immunohistochemical staining revealed reductions in cytochrome c and Bax immunoreactivity in these rats. Morris water maze revealed a substantial shortening of escape latency by genistein in Alzheimer＇s disease rats. These findings suggest that genistein decreases neuronal loss in the hippocampus, and improves learning and memory ability. The neuroprotective effects of genistein are associated with the inhibition of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, as shown by its ability to reduce levels of caspase-3, Bax and cytochrome c.展开更多
Genistein has a neuroprotective effect in Alzheimer＇s disease, but its mechanism of action needs further clarification. Accumulating evidence suggests that excessive phosphorylation of tau protein causes production o...Genistein has a neuroprotective effect in Alzheimer＇s disease, but its mechanism of action needs further clarification. Accumulating evidence suggests that excessive phosphorylation of tau protein causes production of neurofibrillary tangles, which is one of the main pathological characteristics of Alzheimer＇s disease, and tau protein can be phosphorylated by calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase IV （CAMK4）. After 7 days of pre-administration of genistein （90 mg/kg）, an Alzheimer＇s disease rat model was established using an intraperitoneal injection of D-galactose combined with an intracerebral injection of amyloid-β peptide （25-35）. The rat was then continu- ously administered genistein （90 mg/kg） for 42 days. The Morris water maze test, western blotting and hematoxylin-eosin staining results showed that genistein significantly decreased the escape latency and increased the number of times crossing the platform, reduced p-tau, CALM, CAMKK1 and p-CAMK4 protein levels in the hippocampus, and alleviated hippocampal neuron damage. These findings indicate that genistein may play a neuroprotective role in Alzheimer＇s disease through regulating CAMK4 to modulate tau hyperphosphorylation. Key展开更多
Carbonates have been known to act as hydrocarbon source rocks, but their basic geochemical and associated hydrocarbon generation characteristics remain not well understood as they occur with argillaceous source rocks ...Carbonates have been known to act as hydrocarbon source rocks, but their basic geochemical and associated hydrocarbon generation characteristics remain not well understood as they occur with argillaceous source rocks in most cases, and the hydrocarbon generation from each rock type is di cult to distinguish, forming one of puzzling issues within the field of petroleum geology and geochemistry. To improve the understanding of this critical issue, this paper reviews recent advances in this field and provides a summary of key areas that can be studied in future. Results show that carbonate source rocks are generally associated with high-salinity environments with low amounts of terrestrial inputs and low dissolved oxygen contents. Petrographically, these source rocks are dark gray or black, fine-grained, stratified, and contain bacterial and algal bioprecursors along with some other impurities. They generally have low organic matter contents, although these can vary significantly in di erent cases(e.g., the total organic carbon contents of marine and lacustrine carbonate source rocks in China are generally 0.1%–1.0% and 0.4%–4.0%, respectively). These rocks contain type I and type II kerogen, meaning there is a lack of vitrinites. This means that assessment of the maturity of the organic matter in these sediments needs to use non-traditional techniques rather than vitrinite reflectance. In terms of molecular geochemistry, carbonate source rocks have typical characteristics indicative of generally reducing and saline environments and lower organism-dominated bioprecursors of organic matter, e.g., high contents of sulfur compounds, low Pr/Ph ratios, and dominance of n-alkanes. Most of the carbonate source rocks are typically dominated by D-type organic facies in an oxidized shallow water mass, although high-quality source rocks generally contain A-and B-type organic facies in saline lacustrine and marine-reducing environments, respectively. The hydrocarbon generation model for the carbonate source rocks can involve early, middle, and late stages, with a diversity of hydrocarbons within these rocks, which can be aggregated, adsorbed, enclosed within minerals, or present as inclusions. This in turn implies that the large-scale hydrocarbon expulsion from these rocks is reliant on brittle deformation caused by external forces. Finally, a number of aspects of these source rocks remain unclear and need further study, including the e ectiveness of carbonates as hydrocarbon source rocks, bioprecursors, and hydrocarbon generation models of carbonate source rock, and the di erences between marine and lacustrine carbonate source rocks.展开更多
Microcystis aeruginosa, generally occurring in large colonies under natural conditions, mainly exists as single cells in laboratory cultures. The mechanisms involved in colony formation in Microcystis aeruginosa and t...Microcystis aeruginosa, generally occurring in large colonies under natural conditions, mainly exists as single cells in laboratory cultures. The mechanisms involved in colony formation in Microcystis aeruginosa and their roles in algal blooms remain unknown. In this study, based on previous research findings that fluid motion may stimulate the colony formation in green algae, cul^are experiments were conducted under axenic conditions in a circular water chamber where the flow rate, temperature, light, and nutrients were controlled. The number of cells of Microcystis aeruginosa, the number of cells per colony, and the colonial characteristics in various growth phases were observed and measured. The results indicated that the colony formation in Microcystis aeruginosa, which was not observed under stagnant conditions, was evident when there was fluid motion, with the number of cells per largest colony reaching 120 and the proportion of the number of cells in colonial form to the total number of cells and the mean number of cells per colony reaching their peak values at a flow rate of 35 crn/s. Based on the analysis of colony formation process, fluid motion stimulates the colony formation in Microcystis aeruginosa in the lag growth phase, while flushes and disaggregates the colonies in the exponential growth phase. The stimulation effect in the lag growth phase may be attributable to the involvement of fluid motion in a series of physiological processes, including the uptake of trace elements and the synthesis and secretion of polysaccharides. In addition, the experimental groups exhibiting typical colonial characteristics in the lag growth phase were found to have higher cell biomass in the later phase.展开更多
BACKGROUND Bezoars are conglomerates of indigestible foreign material that can be found in the gastrointestinal tract.Gastric ulcer,gastrointestinal perforation,and intestinal obstruction are the main complications.Ac...BACKGROUND Bezoars are conglomerates of indigestible foreign material that can be found in the gastrointestinal tract.Gastric ulcer,gastrointestinal perforation,and intestinal obstruction are the main complications.Acute pancreatitis secondary to bezoar is rare.Here,we present a rare case of a migratory gastric bezoar complicated by acute pancreatitis and small bowel obstruction after dissolution therapy.CASE SUMMARY A-65-year-old woman underwent gastroscopy because of epigastric pain,which revealed a huge bezoar and a gastric ulcer 10 d prior.The patient was discharged with a prescription of drinking 1 L Coca-Cola daily for 6 d,without repeat gastroscopy.However,she suddenly developed epigastric pain,nausea and vomiting for 3 d.Abdominal computed tomography(CT)revealed mild inflammation of the pancreas.Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography showed no abnormalities in the pancreatic duct or common bile duct.The nasogastric tube still showed drainage of more than 1.6 L of dark fluid each day after symptomatic treatment.Abdominal CT re-examination suggested intestinal obstruction.Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed a huge yellowish hard mass in the jejunal lumen,and we used the basket and net to fragment the bezoar.She was discharged with a good outcome.CONCLUSION Endoscopic therapy is the first choice for gastric bezoars.When mechanical disintegration cannot be achieved,timing of repeat endoscopy is important during Coca-Cola dissolution therapy.展开更多
BACKGROUND Thallium poisoning is rare and difficult to recognize.Early diagnosis and treatment of thallium-poisoned patients are essential to prevent morbidity and mortality.AIM To evaluate the efficacy of treatments ...BACKGROUND Thallium poisoning is rare and difficult to recognize.Early diagnosis and treatment of thallium-poisoned patients are essential to prevent morbidity and mortality.AIM To evaluate the efficacy of treatments and outcomes of five patients with early diagnosis of acute thallium poisoning.METHODS Five patients who consumed a thallium-contaminated meal were hospitalized in succession,and underwent clinical examinations such as blood tests and electromyography tests.Urine and blood tests confirmed the diagnosis of thallotoxicosis,revealing the occurrence of food poisoning.All patients underwent detoxification treatment,including hemoperfusion(HP)and treatment with Prussian blue(PB).A 24-mo follow-up was performed to evaluate the long-term outcomes on the patients after discharge.RESULTS Initially,the patients presented with symptoms of acute thallium poisoning including hyperalgesia of the limbs and abdominalgia,which may differ from common peripheral neuropathy.Accompanying symptoms such as hepatic damage and alopecia were observed in all the patients,which further confirmed the diagnosis of poisoning.Treatment with chelating agents was ineffective,while HP and treatment with PB drastically decreased the thallium concentration in the urine and blood.With early diagnosis and intervention,four patients had a good prognosis and no permanent sequelae.One patient developed blindness and disability during the 24-mo follow-up period.CONCLUSION Identification of incident cluster and characteristic symptoms is extremely important for early diagnosis of acute thallium poisoning.HP plus PB is essential to improve the prognosis of thallium-poisoned patients.展开更多
Aim： To investigate whether adriamycin induces DNA damage and the formation of γH2AX （the phosphorylated form of histone H2AX） foci in mature spermatozoa. Methods： Human spermatozoa were treated with adriamycin a...Aim： To investigate whether adriamycin induces DNA damage and the formation of γH2AX （the phosphorylated form of histone H2AX） foci in mature spermatozoa. Methods： Human spermatozoa were treated with adriamycin at different concentrations, γH2AX was analyzed by immunofluorescent staining and flow cytometry and doublestrand breaks （DSB） were detected by the comet assay. Results： The neutral comet assay revealed that the treatment with adriamycin at 2 μg/mL for different times （0.5, 2, 8 and 24 h）, or for 8 h at different concentrations （0,4, 2 and 10 μg/mL）, induced significant DSB in spermatozoa. Immunofluorent staining and flow cytometry showed that the expression of γH2AX was increased in a dose-dependent and time-dependant manner after the treatment of adriamycin. Adriamycin also induced the concurrent appearance of DNA maintenance/repair proteins RAD50 and 53BP 1 with γH2AX in spermatozoa. Wortmannin, an inhibitor of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase （PI3K） family, abolished the co-appearance of these two proteins with γH2AX. Conclusion： Human mature spermatozoa have the same response to DSB-induced H2AX phosphorylation and subsequent recruitment of DNA maintenance/ repair proteins as somatic cells.展开更多
Multiple characterization and analysis techniques including electron backscatter diffraction（EBSD）, electron channeling contrast（ECC） imaging, transmission electron microscopy（TEM） and microhardness test were jo...Multiple characterization and analysis techniques including electron backscatter diffraction（EBSD）, electron channeling contrast（ECC） imaging, transmission electron microscopy（TEM） and microhardness test were jointly employed to investigate microstructural characteristics such as local composition, morphology, grain boundary characteristics and interphase orientation relationship of a forged Zr-2.5Nb alloy before and after β-air-cooling. Results show that the as-forged specimen is composed of equiaxed and lamellar α grains and continuous net-like β-Zr films. After the β-air-cooling, the microstructure of the specimen is featured by basket-weave Widmanst？tten structure, in which the inter-α-plate second phases are nanoscale β-Zr. Analyses for crystallographic orientations reveal that the Burgers relationship has been strictly followed during the β→α cooling. Compared to the as-forged specimen, the hardness of the β-air-cooled specimen is higher, which could be attributed to the decreased structural sizes of both α and β phases, and the increased fraction of high angle boundaries as well.展开更多
A novel junction terminal extension structure is proposed for vertical diamond Schottky barrier diodes(SBDs) by using an n-Ga_(2)O_(3)/p-diamond heterojunction. The depletion region of the heterojunction suppresses pa...A novel junction terminal extension structure is proposed for vertical diamond Schottky barrier diodes(SBDs) by using an n-Ga_(2)O_(3)/p-diamond heterojunction. The depletion region of the heterojunction suppresses part of the forward current conduction path, which slightly increases the on-resistance. On the other hand, the reverse breakdown voltage is enhanced obviously because of attenuated electric field crowding. By optimizing the doping concentration, length, and depth of n-Ga_(2)O_(3), the trade-off between on-resistance and breakdown voltage with a high Baliga figure of merit(FOM)value is realized through Silvaco technology computer-aided design simulation. In addition, the effect of the work functions of the Schottky electrodes is evaluated. The results are beneficial to realizing a high-performance vertical diamond SBD.展开更多
BACKGROUND Appendiceal mucocele is a rare disease that causes obstructive dilatation of the appendix due to the intraluminal accumulation of mucin.We report a case of endoscopic diagnosis and treatment of an appendice...BACKGROUND Appendiceal mucocele is a rare disease that causes obstructive dilatation of the appendix due to the intraluminal accumulation of mucin.We report a case of endoscopic diagnosis and treatment of an appendiceal mucocele.CASE SUMMARY A 47-year-old man presented with a protrusion around the orifice of the appendix discovered by colonoscopy incidentally.He was admitted to our hospital for a routine checkup without any symptoms.Abdominal computed tomography showed a cystic mass approximately 3 cm in diameter with fat stranding.The preoperative diagnosis was non-neoplastic appendiceal mucocele,and endoscopic treatment was performed.The endoscopic findings and pathological results supported our preoperative diagnosis.The endoscopic treatment of appendiceal mucocele was feasible and effective,which was confirmed by repeated endoscopy and post-operative computed tomography after 7 mo.CONCLUSION Endoscopic therapy provides a new method for the treatment of appendiceal mucocele.展开更多
Pressure can reduce the distances among atoms, thereby modifying the overall optical characteristics of molecules.In this article, the excited state behavior of perylene is carefully observed under isotropic pressure ...Pressure can reduce the distances among atoms, thereby modifying the overall optical characteristics of molecules.In this article, the excited state behavior of perylene is carefully observed under isotropic pressure and non-complexing condition. In a steady state, absorption peak shows red shift and spectral width are broadened with pressure increasing,which is ascribed to the π-electron delocalization between molecules. In a transient state, the transition dynamics presents a wavelike tendency with pressure increasing because the shift of self-tapping exciton state is contrary to that of Y-state with pressure increasing. The results conduce to understanding the influence of inter-molecule interaction on excited state behavior with inter-molecule distance decreasing, which contributes to studying the materials under extreme condition.展开更多
基金2018 Henan Medical Science and Technology Research Plan Project,China,No.SBGJ2018019.
文摘BACKGROUND Osteoporosis is a common metabolic bone disorder induced by an imbalance between osteoclastic activity and osteogenic activity.During osteoporosis,bone mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)exhibit an increased ability to differentiate into adipocytes and a decreased ability to differentiate into osteoblasts,resulting in bone loss.Jumonji domain-containing 1C(JMJD1C)has been demonstrated to suppress osteoclastogenesis.AIM To examine the effect of JMJD1C on the osteogenesis of BMSCs and the potential underlying mechanism.METHODS BMSCs were isolated from mouse bone marrow tissues.Oil Red O staining,Alizarin red staining,alkaline phosphatase staining and the expression of adipo-genic and osteogenic-associated genes were assessed to determine the differen-tiation of BMSCs.Bone marrow-derived macrophages(BMMs)were incubated with receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaΒligand to induce osteoclast differentiation,and osteoclast differen-tiation was confirmed by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining.Other related genes were measured via reverse transcription coupled to the quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to measure the levels of inflammatory cytokines,including tumor necrosis factor alpha,interleukin-6 and interleukin-1 beta.RESULTS The osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation potential of BMSCs isolated from mouse bone marrow samples was evaluated.JMJD1C mRNA and protein expression was upregulated in BMSCs after osteoblast induction,while p-nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB)and inflammatory cytokines were not significantly altered.Knockdown of JMJD1C repressed osteogenic differentiation and enhanced NF-κB activation and inflammatory cytokine release in BMSCs.Moreover,JMJD1C expression decreased during BMM osteoclast differentiation.CONCLUSION The JMJD1C/NF-κB signaling pathway is potentially involved in BMSC osteogenic differentiation and may play vital roles in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis.
基金the 305 Hospital Independent Scientific Research Fund,2024,No.24ZZJJLW-022.
文摘BACKGROUND To assess the effectiveness of Shugan Jieyu capsules on peripheral blood miR-124,miR-132,and brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)levels in patients with mild to moderate depression following coronary artery intervention[percuta-neous coronary intervention(PCI)]for coronary heart disease.Patients with mild-to-moderate depression of the liver-qi stagnation type after PCI for coronary heart disease at the 305th Hospital of the People’s Liberation Army were enrolled from June 2022 to November 2023 and randomly assigned to two groups:Experimental(treated with Shugan Jieyu capsules)and control(tr-eated with escitalopram oxalate tablets).This study compared the antidepressant effects of these treatments using 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression(HAMD-17)scores,metabolic equivalents,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,BDNF,high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels,miR-124 and miR-132 levels,distribution of immune-related lymphocyte subsets,and traditional Chinese me-dicine syndrome scores before and after 6 weeks of treatment.RESULTS No significant difference was observed in any index between the two groups before treatment(P>0.05).After treatment,the total efficacy rates were 93.33%and 90.00%in the experimental and control groups,respectively.Experimental group had significantly lower scores for the main and secondary syndromes compared to the control group(P<0.05).No significant difference was observed in the metabolic equivalents between the two groups be-fore and after treatment(P>0.05).The levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,high-sensitivity C-reactive pro-tein,and miR-132 were significantly lower,whereas those of miR-124,BDNF,CD3+T lymphocytes,CD3+CD4+T helper lymphocytes,and CD3+CD4+/CD3+CD8+cells were significantly higher in the experimental group com-pared to the control group(P<0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions during experimental group was signi-ficantly lower than that in control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Shugan Jieyu capsules have good efficacy in patients with mild-to-moderate depression after PCI,and its me-chanism may contribute to the regulation of miR-124,miR-132,BDNF levels,and lymphoid immune cells.
文摘BACKGROUND Malignant obstructive jaundice(MOJ)is a condition characterized by varying degrees of bile duct stenosis and obstruction,accompanied by the progressive development of malignant tumors,leading to high morbidity and mortality rates.Currently,the two most commonly employed methods for its management are percutaneous transhepatic bile duct drainage(PTBD)and endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage(EUS-BD).While both methods have demonstrated favorable outcomes,additional research needs to be performed to determine their relative efficacy.To compare the therapeutic effectiveness of EUS-BD and PTBD in treating MOJ.METHODS This retrospective analysis,conducted between September 2015 and April 2023 at The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University(The First People’s Hospital of Changzhou),involved 68 patients with MOJ.The patients were divided into two groups on the basis of surgical procedure received:EUS-BD subgroup(n=33)and PTBD subgroup(n=35).Variables such as general data,preoperative and postoperative indices,blood routine,liver function indices,myocardial function indices,operative success rate,clinical effectiveness,and complication rate were analyzed and compared between the subgroups.RESULTS In the EUS-BD subgroup,hospital stay duration,bile drainage volume,effective catheter time,and clinical effect-iveness rate were superior to those in the PTBD subgroup,although the differences were not statistically significant(P>0.05).The puncture time for the EUS-BD subgroup was shorter than that for the PTBD subgroup(P<0.05).Postoperative blood routine,liver function index,and myocardial function index in the EUS-BD subgroup were significantly lower than those in the PTBD subgroup(P<0.05).Additionally,the complication rate in the EUS-BD subgroup was lower than in the PTBD subgroup(P<0.05).CONCLUSION EUS-BD may reduce the number of punctures,improve liver and myocardial functions,alleviate traumatic stress,and decrease complication rates in MOJ treatment.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81202941the Key Project Foundation of Oversea Visiting and Research for the Excellent Young and Middle-aged Faculties in Universities of Anhui Province in China,No.gxfx ZD2016119the Key Project Foundation of Natural Science Research in Universities of Anhui Province in China,No.KJ2016A406
文摘Genistein is effective against amyloid-β toxicity, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. We hypothesized that genistein may protect neurons by inhibiting the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, and thereby play a role in the prevention of Alzheimer＇s disease. A rat model of Alzheimer＇s disease was established by intraperitoneal injection of D-galactose and intracerebral injection of amyloid-β peptide （25-35）. In the genistein treatment groups, a 7-day pretreatment with genistein （10, 30, 90 mg/kg） was given prior to establishing Alzheimer＇s disease model, for 49 consecutive days. Terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling assay demonstrated a reduction in apoptosis in the hippocampus of rats treated with genistein. Western blot analysis showed that expression levels of capase-3, Bax and cytochrome c were decreased compared with the model group. Furthermore, immunohistochemical staining revealed reductions in cytochrome c and Bax immunoreactivity in these rats. Morris water maze revealed a substantial shortening of escape latency by genistein in Alzheimer＇s disease rats. These findings suggest that genistein decreases neuronal loss in the hippocampus, and improves learning and memory ability. The neuroprotective effects of genistein are associated with the inhibition of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, as shown by its ability to reduce levels of caspase-3, Bax and cytochrome c.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81202941 and 81574040the Key Project Foundation of Oversea Visiting and Research for the Excellent Young and Middle-aged Faculties in Universities of Anhui Province in China,No.gxfx ZD2016119+1 种基金the Key Project Foundation of Natural Science Research in Universities of Anhui Province in China,No.KJ2016A406the Key Project Foundation of Support Program for the Excellent Young Faculties in Universities of Anhui Province in China,No.gxyq ZD2016138
文摘Genistein has a neuroprotective effect in Alzheimer＇s disease, but its mechanism of action needs further clarification. Accumulating evidence suggests that excessive phosphorylation of tau protein causes production of neurofibrillary tangles, which is one of the main pathological characteristics of Alzheimer＇s disease, and tau protein can be phosphorylated by calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase IV （CAMK4）. After 7 days of pre-administration of genistein （90 mg/kg）, an Alzheimer＇s disease rat model was established using an intraperitoneal injection of D-galactose combined with an intracerebral injection of amyloid-β peptide （25-35）. The rat was then continu- ously administered genistein （90 mg/kg） for 42 days. The Morris water maze test, western blotting and hematoxylin-eosin staining results showed that genistein significantly decreased the escape latency and increased the number of times crossing the platform, reduced p-tau, CALM, CAMKK1 and p-CAMK4 protein levels in the hippocampus, and alleviated hippocampal neuron damage. These findings indicate that genistein may play a neuroprotective role in Alzheimer＇s disease through regulating CAMK4 to modulate tau hyperphosphorylation. Key
基金jointly funded by the National Science and Technology Major Project of China (Grant No. 2016ZX05003-005)National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41472100 and 41322017)
文摘Carbonates have been known to act as hydrocarbon source rocks, but their basic geochemical and associated hydrocarbon generation characteristics remain not well understood as they occur with argillaceous source rocks in most cases, and the hydrocarbon generation from each rock type is di cult to distinguish, forming one of puzzling issues within the field of petroleum geology and geochemistry. To improve the understanding of this critical issue, this paper reviews recent advances in this field and provides a summary of key areas that can be studied in future. Results show that carbonate source rocks are generally associated with high-salinity environments with low amounts of terrestrial inputs and low dissolved oxygen contents. Petrographically, these source rocks are dark gray or black, fine-grained, stratified, and contain bacterial and algal bioprecursors along with some other impurities. They generally have low organic matter contents, although these can vary significantly in di erent cases(e.g., the total organic carbon contents of marine and lacustrine carbonate source rocks in China are generally 0.1%–1.0% and 0.4%–4.0%, respectively). These rocks contain type I and type II kerogen, meaning there is a lack of vitrinites. This means that assessment of the maturity of the organic matter in these sediments needs to use non-traditional techniques rather than vitrinite reflectance. In terms of molecular geochemistry, carbonate source rocks have typical characteristics indicative of generally reducing and saline environments and lower organism-dominated bioprecursors of organic matter, e.g., high contents of sulfur compounds, low Pr/Ph ratios, and dominance of n-alkanes. Most of the carbonate source rocks are typically dominated by D-type organic facies in an oxidized shallow water mass, although high-quality source rocks generally contain A-and B-type organic facies in saline lacustrine and marine-reducing environments, respectively. The hydrocarbon generation model for the carbonate source rocks can involve early, middle, and late stages, with a diversity of hydrocarbons within these rocks, which can be aggregated, adsorbed, enclosed within minerals, or present as inclusions. This in turn implies that the large-scale hydrocarbon expulsion from these rocks is reliant on brittle deformation caused by external forces. Finally, a number of aspects of these source rocks remain unclear and need further study, including the e ectiveness of carbonates as hydrocarbon source rocks, bioprecursors, and hydrocarbon generation models of carbonate source rock, and the di erences between marine and lacustrine carbonate source rocks.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50979028)the Special Fund of Research for Public Welfare Industry of the Ministry of Water Resources of China (Grant No. 200801065)
文摘Microcystis aeruginosa, generally occurring in large colonies under natural conditions, mainly exists as single cells in laboratory cultures. The mechanisms involved in colony formation in Microcystis aeruginosa and their roles in algal blooms remain unknown. In this study, based on previous research findings that fluid motion may stimulate the colony formation in green algae, cul^are experiments were conducted under axenic conditions in a circular water chamber where the flow rate, temperature, light, and nutrients were controlled. The number of cells of Microcystis aeruginosa, the number of cells per colony, and the colonial characteristics in various growth phases were observed and measured. The results indicated that the colony formation in Microcystis aeruginosa, which was not observed under stagnant conditions, was evident when there was fluid motion, with the number of cells per largest colony reaching 120 and the proportion of the number of cells in colonial form to the total number of cells and the mean number of cells per colony reaching their peak values at a flow rate of 35 crn/s. Based on the analysis of colony formation process, fluid motion stimulates the colony formation in Microcystis aeruginosa in the lag growth phase, while flushes and disaggregates the colonies in the exponential growth phase. The stimulation effect in the lag growth phase may be attributable to the involvement of fluid motion in a series of physiological processes, including the uptake of trace elements and the synthesis and secretion of polysaccharides. In addition, the experimental groups exhibiting typical colonial characteristics in the lag growth phase were found to have higher cell biomass in the later phase.
文摘BACKGROUND Bezoars are conglomerates of indigestible foreign material that can be found in the gastrointestinal tract.Gastric ulcer,gastrointestinal perforation,and intestinal obstruction are the main complications.Acute pancreatitis secondary to bezoar is rare.Here,we present a rare case of a migratory gastric bezoar complicated by acute pancreatitis and small bowel obstruction after dissolution therapy.CASE SUMMARY A-65-year-old woman underwent gastroscopy because of epigastric pain,which revealed a huge bezoar and a gastric ulcer 10 d prior.The patient was discharged with a prescription of drinking 1 L Coca-Cola daily for 6 d,without repeat gastroscopy.However,she suddenly developed epigastric pain,nausea and vomiting for 3 d.Abdominal computed tomography(CT)revealed mild inflammation of the pancreas.Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography showed no abnormalities in the pancreatic duct or common bile duct.The nasogastric tube still showed drainage of more than 1.6 L of dark fluid each day after symptomatic treatment.Abdominal CT re-examination suggested intestinal obstruction.Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed a huge yellowish hard mass in the jejunal lumen,and we used the basket and net to fragment the bezoar.She was discharged with a good outcome.CONCLUSION Endoscopic therapy is the first choice for gastric bezoars.When mechanical disintegration cannot be achieved,timing of repeat endoscopy is important during Coca-Cola dissolution therapy.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81701058Shandong Academy of Sciences,No.ZR2017PH027and China Postdoctoral Science Foundation,No.2017M612288.
文摘BACKGROUND Thallium poisoning is rare and difficult to recognize.Early diagnosis and treatment of thallium-poisoned patients are essential to prevent morbidity and mortality.AIM To evaluate the efficacy of treatments and outcomes of five patients with early diagnosis of acute thallium poisoning.METHODS Five patients who consumed a thallium-contaminated meal were hospitalized in succession,and underwent clinical examinations such as blood tests and electromyography tests.Urine and blood tests confirmed the diagnosis of thallotoxicosis,revealing the occurrence of food poisoning.All patients underwent detoxification treatment,including hemoperfusion(HP)and treatment with Prussian blue(PB).A 24-mo follow-up was performed to evaluate the long-term outcomes on the patients after discharge.RESULTS Initially,the patients presented with symptoms of acute thallium poisoning including hyperalgesia of the limbs and abdominalgia,which may differ from common peripheral neuropathy.Accompanying symptoms such as hepatic damage and alopecia were observed in all the patients,which further confirmed the diagnosis of poisoning.Treatment with chelating agents was ineffective,while HP and treatment with PB drastically decreased the thallium concentration in the urine and blood.With early diagnosis and intervention,four patients had a good prognosis and no permanent sequelae.One patient developed blindness and disability during the 24-mo follow-up period.CONCLUSION Identification of incident cluster and characteristic symptoms is extremely important for early diagnosis of acute thallium poisoning.HP plus PB is essential to improve the prognosis of thallium-poisoned patients.
文摘Aim： To investigate whether adriamycin induces DNA damage and the formation of γH2AX （the phosphorylated form of histone H2AX） foci in mature spermatozoa. Methods： Human spermatozoa were treated with adriamycin at different concentrations, γH2AX was analyzed by immunofluorescent staining and flow cytometry and doublestrand breaks （DSB） were detected by the comet assay. Results： The neutral comet assay revealed that the treatment with adriamycin at 2 μg/mL for different times （0.5, 2, 8 and 24 h）, or for 8 h at different concentrations （0,4, 2 and 10 μg/mL）, induced significant DSB in spermatozoa. Immunofluorent staining and flow cytometry showed that the expression of γH2AX was increased in a dose-dependent and time-dependant manner after the treatment of adriamycin. Adriamycin also induced the concurrent appearance of DNA maintenance/repair proteins RAD50 and 53BP 1 with γH2AX in spermatozoa. Wortmannin, an inhibitor of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase （PI3K） family, abolished the co-appearance of these two proteins with γH2AX. Conclusion： Human mature spermatozoa have the same response to DSB-induced H2AX phosphorylation and subsequent recruitment of DNA maintenance/ repair proteins as somatic cells.
基金Project(51401040) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(CSTC2017JCYJAX0114) supported by the Fundamental and Cutting-edge Research Plan of Chongqing,China+1 种基金Project(E2015203250) supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province,ChinaProject(14LGA005) supported by the Young Teachers Program of Yanshan University,China
文摘Multiple characterization and analysis techniques including electron backscatter diffraction（EBSD）, electron channeling contrast（ECC） imaging, transmission electron microscopy（TEM） and microhardness test were jointly employed to investigate microstructural characteristics such as local composition, morphology, grain boundary characteristics and interphase orientation relationship of a forged Zr-2.5Nb alloy before and after β-air-cooling. Results show that the as-forged specimen is composed of equiaxed and lamellar α grains and continuous net-like β-Zr films. After the β-air-cooling, the microstructure of the specimen is featured by basket-weave Widmanst？tten structure, in which the inter-α-plate second phases are nanoscale β-Zr. Analyses for crystallographic orientations reveal that the Burgers relationship has been strictly followed during the β→α cooling. Compared to the as-forged specimen, the hardness of the β-air-cooled specimen is higher, which could be attributed to the decreased structural sizes of both α and β phases, and the increased fraction of high angle boundaries as well.
基金Project supported by the Key Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province, China (Grant No. 2020B0101690001)the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province, China (Grant No. 2022NSFSC0886)。
文摘A novel junction terminal extension structure is proposed for vertical diamond Schottky barrier diodes(SBDs) by using an n-Ga_(2)O_(3)/p-diamond heterojunction. The depletion region of the heterojunction suppresses part of the forward current conduction path, which slightly increases the on-resistance. On the other hand, the reverse breakdown voltage is enhanced obviously because of attenuated electric field crowding. By optimizing the doping concentration, length, and depth of n-Ga_(2)O_(3), the trade-off between on-resistance and breakdown voltage with a high Baliga figure of merit(FOM)value is realized through Silvaco technology computer-aided design simulation. In addition, the effect of the work functions of the Schottky electrodes is evaluated. The results are beneficial to realizing a high-performance vertical diamond SBD.
文摘BACKGROUND Appendiceal mucocele is a rare disease that causes obstructive dilatation of the appendix due to the intraluminal accumulation of mucin.We report a case of endoscopic diagnosis and treatment of an appendiceal mucocele.CASE SUMMARY A 47-year-old man presented with a protrusion around the orifice of the appendix discovered by colonoscopy incidentally.He was admitted to our hospital for a routine checkup without any symptoms.Abdominal computed tomography showed a cystic mass approximately 3 cm in diameter with fat stranding.The preoperative diagnosis was non-neoplastic appendiceal mucocele,and endoscopic treatment was performed.The endoscopic findings and pathological results supported our preoperative diagnosis.The endoscopic treatment of appendiceal mucocele was feasible and effective,which was confirmed by repeated endoscopy and post-operative computed tomography after 7 mo.CONCLUSION Endoscopic therapy provides a new method for the treatment of appendiceal mucocele.
基金Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant Nos.2018YFA0305900 and 2017YFA0403704)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61575079,51632002,11804113,and 51720105007)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province,China(Grant No.20180101230JC)the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University,China(Grant No.IRT 15R23).
文摘Pressure can reduce the distances among atoms, thereby modifying the overall optical characteristics of molecules.In this article, the excited state behavior of perylene is carefully observed under isotropic pressure and non-complexing condition. In a steady state, absorption peak shows red shift and spectral width are broadened with pressure increasing,which is ascribed to the π-electron delocalization between molecules. In a transient state, the transition dynamics presents a wavelike tendency with pressure increasing because the shift of self-tapping exciton state is contrary to that of Y-state with pressure increasing. The results conduce to understanding the influence of inter-molecule interaction on excited state behavior with inter-molecule distance decreasing, which contributes to studying the materials under extreme condition.
