The Declaration on the Right to Development as a First Step towards a Comprehensive Southern Vision on Human Rights

Having proper sanitation and hygiene, access to affordable health care and enough food on the table are the basic conditions for a dignified life. This link between human dignity and the right to development was made very persuasively already in the White Paper on human rights, issued by the State Council of P.R.C. in 1991. The Declaration on the right to development can be considered the first successful joint action undertaken by Southern states in the area of human rights. The Declaration was based on Southern scholarship, such as the pioneering research conducted by the Senegalese jurist Kéba M’baye. And its adoption was the result of joint stage management performed by diplomats from different continents. Therefore the Declaration serves as a source of inspiration for the work of drafting a Comprehensive Southern Vision on human rights. The Vision document will lay out a common Southern outlook on human rights issues as an elaboration of the Universal Declaration.

利用本土文化深化国际人权的实施:载体论

国家有权自由选择履行其国际人权义务的方式。西方国家多依赖于法律方式,特别是法定的具有可实施性的个人权利。然而,法律并不具有垄断地位。载体论认为,尤其是对于东方和南方国家而言,借助本土社会机制可以更加充分的履行国际人权义务。它考察了一些能够达到人权标准的国内社会机制,并且假设当社会机制无法履行人权义务时,则应对其进行改良和重组。上述步骤应尽可能的借助本土发展起来的救济方式的帮助,从而培育符合国际人权标准的文化合法性。

过去七十年中国对国际人权体系的贡献

2019年是中华人民共和国成立70周年,这是回顾中国对国际人权所作贡献的恰当时机。在过去的70年里,中国和世界发生了很多变化,因而对这段历史的回顾也需要做出一定的选择。中国在构建与维护国际人权体系方面的重要贡献归结起来有三大方面。一是中国在起草国际人权体系创始文件《世界人权宣言》方面所做的贡献;二是中国在国际人权体系中扮演的角色,这一角色可以被描述为"在遵行中挑战";三是习近平主席所提出的构建人类命运共同体理念。