The new coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic posed a great burden on health care systems worldwide and is an enormous and real obstacle in providing needed health care to patients with chronic diseases such as d...The new coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic posed a great burden on health care systems worldwide and is an enormous and real obstacle in providing needed health care to patients with chronic diseases such as diabetes.Parallel to COVID-19,there have been great advances in technology used for management of type 1 diabetes,primarily insulin pumps,sensors,integrated and closed loop systems,ambulatory glucose profile software,and smart phone apps providing necessary essentials for telemedicine implementation right at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic.The results of these remote interventions are reassuring in terms of glycemic management and hemoglobin A1c reductions.However,data on long-term outcomes and cost reductions are missing as well as proper technical infrastructure and government health policy support.展开更多
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is a complex clinical entity which can be secondary to many other diseases including hypothyroidism,characterized by lowering of thyroid hormones and increased thyroid stimulatin...Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is a complex clinical entity which can be secondary to many other diseases including hypothyroidism,characterized by lowering of thyroid hormones and increased thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH).A lot of emerging data published recently advocates the hypothesis that hypothyroid induced NAFLD could be a separate clinical entity,even suggesting possible treatment options for NAFLD involving substitution therapy for hypothyroidism along with lifestyle modifications.In addition,a whole new field of research is focused on thyromimetics in NAFLD/NASH treatment,currently in phase 3 clinical trials.In this critical review we summarized epidemiological and pathophysiological evidence linking these two clinical entities and described specific treatment options with the accent on promising new agents in NAFLD treatment,specifically thyroid hormone receptor(THR)agonist and its metabolites.展开更多
Interleukin(IL)1 superfamily members are a cornerstone of a variety of inflammatory processes occurring in various organs including the liver.Progression of acute and chronic liver diseases regardless of etiology depe...Interleukin(IL)1 superfamily members are a cornerstone of a variety of inflammatory processes occurring in various organs including the liver.Progression of acute and chronic liver diseases regardless of etiology depends on the stage of hepatocyte damage,the release of inflammatory cytokines and disturbances in gut microbiota.IL1 cytokines and re-ceptors can have pro-or anti-inflammatory roles,even dual functionalities conditioned by the microenvironment.Devel-oping novel therapeutic strategies to block the IL1/IL1R sign-aling pathways seems like a reasonable option.This mode of action is now exploited by anakinra and canakinumab,which are used to treat different inflammatory illnesses,and studies in liver diseases are on the way.In this mini review,we have focused on the IL1 superfamily members,given their cru-cial role in liver inflammation diseases,specifically discussing their potential role in developing new treatment strategies.展开更多
文摘The new coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic posed a great burden on health care systems worldwide and is an enormous and real obstacle in providing needed health care to patients with chronic diseases such as diabetes.Parallel to COVID-19,there have been great advances in technology used for management of type 1 diabetes,primarily insulin pumps,sensors,integrated and closed loop systems,ambulatory glucose profile software,and smart phone apps providing necessary essentials for telemedicine implementation right at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic.The results of these remote interventions are reassuring in terms of glycemic management and hemoglobin A1c reductions.However,data on long-term outcomes and cost reductions are missing as well as proper technical infrastructure and government health policy support.
基金funded by grant from Croatian Ministry of Science and Education dedicated to multi-year institutional funding of scientific activity at the J.J.Strossmayer University of Osijek,Osijek,Croatia—grant's number:IP-2019-MEFOS-10(to M.S.)
文摘Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is a complex clinical entity which can be secondary to many other diseases including hypothyroidism,characterized by lowering of thyroid hormones and increased thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH).A lot of emerging data published recently advocates the hypothesis that hypothyroid induced NAFLD could be a separate clinical entity,even suggesting possible treatment options for NAFLD involving substitution therapy for hypothyroidism along with lifestyle modifications.In addition,a whole new field of research is focused on thyromimetics in NAFLD/NASH treatment,currently in phase 3 clinical trials.In this critical review we summarized epidemiological and pathophysiological evidence linking these two clinical entities and described specific treatment options with the accent on promising new agents in NAFLD treatment,specifically thyroid hormone receptor(THR)agonist and its metabolites.
基金Croatian Ministry of Science and Education dedicated to multi-institutional fund-ing of scientific activity at the J.J.Strossmayer University of Osijek,Osijek,Croatia,grant number ZUP2018-90(to Ines Bilić Ćurčić).
文摘Interleukin(IL)1 superfamily members are a cornerstone of a variety of inflammatory processes occurring in various organs including the liver.Progression of acute and chronic liver diseases regardless of etiology depends on the stage of hepatocyte damage,the release of inflammatory cytokines and disturbances in gut microbiota.IL1 cytokines and re-ceptors can have pro-or anti-inflammatory roles,even dual functionalities conditioned by the microenvironment.Devel-oping novel therapeutic strategies to block the IL1/IL1R sign-aling pathways seems like a reasonable option.This mode of action is now exploited by anakinra and canakinumab,which are used to treat different inflammatory illnesses,and studies in liver diseases are on the way.In this mini review,we have focused on the IL1 superfamily members,given their cru-cial role in liver inflammation diseases,specifically discussing their potential role in developing new treatment strategies.
