A Case Report of Intestinal Myiasis in a Japanese Man

We recently experienced a case of intestinal myiasis caused by maggots of fly, Sarcophagidae. A 61-year-old Japanese man presented in August 2015 with a 2-day his-tory of diarrhea and white maggots in his stool. Two days before his presentation, he took Chinese noodles and lettuce. At his presentation, we observed a number of discharged insect bodies in his stool. The insect bodies were identified as the larvae of the 3rd instar flesh fly Sarcophagidae based on macroscopic and microscopic examinations. We finally diagnosed as intestinal myiasis due to the fact that the patient had the insect bodies mixed in his diet, lettuce. A few days after the treatment with antibiotics, his symptoms disappeared. Accurate diagnosis of intestinal myiasis in developed countries is necessary to avoid ineffective treatment.

Efficacy of a novel auto-fluorescence imaging system with computer-assisted color analysis for assessment of colorectal lesions

AIM:To evaluate the efficacy of computer-assisted color analysis of colorectal lesions using a novel auto-fluorescence imaging(AFI)system to distinguish neoplastic lesions from non-neoplastic lesions and to predict the depth of invasion.METHODS:From January 2013 to April 2013,consecutive patients with known polyps greater than 5 mm in size who were scheduled to undergo endoscopic treatment at The Jikei University Hospital were prospectively recruited for this study.All lesions were evaluated using a novel AFI system,and color-tone sampling was performed in a region of interest determined from narrow band imaging or from chromoendoscopy findings without magnification.The green/red(G/R)ratio for each lesion on the AFI images was calculated automatically using a computer-assisted color analysis system that permits real-time color analysis during endoscopic procedures.RESULTS:A total of 88 patients with 163 lesions were enrolled in this study.There were significant differences in the G/R ratios of hyperplastic polyps(non-neoplastic lesions),adenoma/intramucosal cancer/submucosal(SM)superficial cancer,and SM deep cancer(P<0.0001).The mean±SD G/R ratios were 0.984±0.118in hyperplastic polyps and 0.827±0.081 in neoplastic lesions.The G/R ratios of hyperplastic polyps were significantly higher than those of neoplastic lesions(P<0.001).When a G/R ratio cut-off value of>0.89 was applied to determine non-neoplastic lesions,the sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value(PPV),negative predictive value(NPV),and accuracy were 83.9%,82.6%,53.1%,95.6%and 82.8%,respectively.For neoplastic lesions,the mean G/R ratio was 0.834±0.080 in adenoma/intramucosal cancer/SM superficial cancer and 0.746±0.045 in SM deep cancer.The G/R ratio of adenoma/intramucosal cancer/SM superficial cancer was significantly higher than that of SM deep cancer(P<0.01).When a G/R ratio cut-off value of<0.77 was applied to distinguish SM deep cancers,the sensitivity,specificity,PPV,NPV,and accuracy were80.0%,84.4%,29.6%,98.1%and 84.1%,respectively.CONCLUSION:The novel AFI system with color analysis was effective in distinguishing non-neoplastic lesions from neoplastic lesions and might allow determination of the depth of invasion.

Proteomic Analysis of Celecoxib on Chondrocytes from Patients with Osteoarthritis

Objective: To study a comprehensive proteomic analysis of celecoxib in oseteoarthritis (OA) chondrocytes. Methods: OA chondrocytes were stimulated with celecoxib, IL-1β and IL-1β together with celecoxib. Proteins were extracted from the cells and subjected to 2-dimensional differential image gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE). Proteins of interest were identified by mass spectrometry. Results: Eighty-six protein spots showed significantly different intensities with each reagent or reagent combination. AAA+ protein, HSP47/Serpin, cAMP-dependent protein kinase type II-beta regulatory subunit, alpha-actin-4 and tubulin decreased with the addition of celecoxib, while apolipoprotein A-V, glutamate carboxipeptide 2, mitochondrial stress-70 protein, sorting nexin-9 and GRP78 increased with the addition of celecoxib. GRP78 is a stress protein and may be chondroprotective. Celecoxib modulated IL-1β stimulated chondrocytes, and CD200R and moesin were identified as such resulting proteins. Conclusion: Protein profiles of OA chondrocytes changed after administration of celecoxib. Further investigation is needed to elucidate the function of each protein in OA chondrocytes.