This study evaluated the different expressions of cherry tomato growth, yield and quality under bamboo and rice husk biochar applications to soil. The experiment was conducted under glasshouse conditions at Hakozaki c...This study evaluated the different expressions of cherry tomato growth, yield and quality under bamboo and rice husk biochar applications to soil. The experiment was conducted under glasshouse conditions at Hakozaki campus, Kyushu University, Japan and consisted of 5 treatments, namely 1) no biochar application as a control;2) 2% (RH2) and 3) 5% (RH5) of rice husk biochar;4) 2% (BB2) and 5) 5% (BB5) of bamboo biochar. Bamboo biochar application significantly improved tomato growth, including number of leaves, fresh biomass yield of aboveground and underground parts for BB5;number of fruit;fresh yield from 24% - 25% for BB2 and BB5. In particular, both bamboo and rice husk biochar application at two rates 2% and 5% had positive effects on tomato quality, demonstrated by the increased total sugar content from 56% to 91%, and the enhancement of ascorbic acid content for BB2 and RH2 by 12% and 17%, respectively. Those improvements reflected the soil physiochemical property changes after biochar application, including the increase in plant available water for bamboo biochar amendment before and after cultivating by 25% - 38% and 9% - 18%, respectively, compared with those of control;and the increased total soil N for bamboo biochar treatments (11% - 14%). Generally, all data above support bamboo biochar utilization for the purpose of improving soil properties and developing crop production.展开更多
Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors are considered as promising therapeutic agents against several malignant diseases because they inhibit cancer cell proliferation. The stress sensor genes of the growth arrest and ...Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors are considered as promising therapeutic agents against several malignant diseases because they inhibit cancer cell proliferation. The stress sensor genes of the growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein (gadd45) family exhibit disordered expression in several types of malignant diseases and are thus a novel target for cancer therapy. However, there have been only few investigations of whether HDAC inhibitors affect the expression of gadd45 genes. We examined the effects of a HDAC inhibitor, trichostatin A (TSA), on the time-dependent expression of gadd45 genes in the human colon cancer cell line LS174T. Addition of TSA to LS174T cells induced inhibition of cell proliferation by arresting the cell cycle. We found that TSA treatment of LS174T cells induced rapid upregulation of gadd45β mRNA expression within 15 min, reaching a peak level at 3 h. Although the time-dependent expression pattern of gadd45β mRNA was similar to that of gadd45β mRNA, the peak level of gadd45β was lower than that of gadd45β. TSA treatment also upregulated the mRNA level of p21Waf1/Cip1, a prolif- eration inhibitor, after 3 h, but downregulated the mRNA levels of cyclin D1, a proliferation inducer, after 3 h, and of c-Myc after 1 h. TSA treatment induced a certain level of apoptosis, but the mRNA level of p53, a potent apoptosis inducer, was down-regulated after 3 h. These results suggest that the up-regulation of p21Waf1/Cip1 and apoptosis was independent of p53 and that the early upregulation of gadd45β gene, which precedes the upregulation of p21Waf1/Cip1 and the downregulation of cyclin D1, are important in TSA-treated LS174T cells.展开更多
Rapid expansion of cultivated bamboo negatively impacts on biodiversity and soil microbial community.As such,it is important to properly manage and use bamboo to prevent and control such issues.This study focuses on o...Rapid expansion of cultivated bamboo negatively impacts on biodiversity and soil microbial community.As such,it is important to properly manage and use bamboo to prevent and control such issues.This study focuses on optimizing pyrolysis conditions to produce bamboo biochar for agricultural soil amendment,particularly soil potassium(K)and water holding capacity.Bamboo chips were pyrolyzed under nitrogen gas at 400,600,and 800℃ for 1 and 2 h of retention.A total of six biochar products were created:400-1(i.e.,400℃ in 1 h),400-2,600-1,600-2,800-1,and 800-2.The 600℃ bamboo biochar products were observed to have the greatest potential in increasing soil K and water holding capacity.The 600-1 product had the highest potassium content(4.87%),with a water holding capacity of 3.73 g g^(−1),while the 600-2 product had the second-highest potassium content(4.13%)and the highest water holding capacity(4.21 g g^(−1))and cation exchange capacity.The K release in 600℃ products was larger and slower than that of the 400℃ and 800℃ products,respectively.The results also indicated that the physicochemical characteristics of bamboo biochar,such as yield,pH,surface area,water holding capacity,and K content,were significantly impacted by temperature,retention time,or a combination of these parameters.The outcomes from this study are a valuable reference for bamboo biochar production targeting agricultural soil amendment,particularly when it is directed at increasing soil K and water holding capacity.展开更多
文摘This study evaluated the different expressions of cherry tomato growth, yield and quality under bamboo and rice husk biochar applications to soil. The experiment was conducted under glasshouse conditions at Hakozaki campus, Kyushu University, Japan and consisted of 5 treatments, namely 1) no biochar application as a control;2) 2% (RH2) and 3) 5% (RH5) of rice husk biochar;4) 2% (BB2) and 5) 5% (BB5) of bamboo biochar. Bamboo biochar application significantly improved tomato growth, including number of leaves, fresh biomass yield of aboveground and underground parts for BB5;number of fruit;fresh yield from 24% - 25% for BB2 and BB5. In particular, both bamboo and rice husk biochar application at two rates 2% and 5% had positive effects on tomato quality, demonstrated by the increased total sugar content from 56% to 91%, and the enhancement of ascorbic acid content for BB2 and RH2 by 12% and 17%, respectively. Those improvements reflected the soil physiochemical property changes after biochar application, including the increase in plant available water for bamboo biochar amendment before and after cultivating by 25% - 38% and 9% - 18%, respectively, compared with those of control;and the increased total soil N for bamboo biochar treatments (11% - 14%). Generally, all data above support bamboo biochar utilization for the purpose of improving soil properties and developing crop production.
文摘Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors are considered as promising therapeutic agents against several malignant diseases because they inhibit cancer cell proliferation. The stress sensor genes of the growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein (gadd45) family exhibit disordered expression in several types of malignant diseases and are thus a novel target for cancer therapy. However, there have been only few investigations of whether HDAC inhibitors affect the expression of gadd45 genes. We examined the effects of a HDAC inhibitor, trichostatin A (TSA), on the time-dependent expression of gadd45 genes in the human colon cancer cell line LS174T. Addition of TSA to LS174T cells induced inhibition of cell proliferation by arresting the cell cycle. We found that TSA treatment of LS174T cells induced rapid upregulation of gadd45β mRNA expression within 15 min, reaching a peak level at 3 h. Although the time-dependent expression pattern of gadd45β mRNA was similar to that of gadd45β mRNA, the peak level of gadd45β was lower than that of gadd45β. TSA treatment also upregulated the mRNA level of p21Waf1/Cip1, a prolif- eration inhibitor, after 3 h, but downregulated the mRNA levels of cyclin D1, a proliferation inducer, after 3 h, and of c-Myc after 1 h. TSA treatment induced a certain level of apoptosis, but the mRNA level of p53, a potent apoptosis inducer, was down-regulated after 3 h. These results suggest that the up-regulation of p21Waf1/Cip1 and apoptosis was independent of p53 and that the early upregulation of gadd45β gene, which precedes the upregulation of p21Waf1/Cip1 and the downregulation of cyclin D1, are important in TSA-treated LS174T cells.
文摘Rapid expansion of cultivated bamboo negatively impacts on biodiversity and soil microbial community.As such,it is important to properly manage and use bamboo to prevent and control such issues.This study focuses on optimizing pyrolysis conditions to produce bamboo biochar for agricultural soil amendment,particularly soil potassium(K)and water holding capacity.Bamboo chips were pyrolyzed under nitrogen gas at 400,600,and 800℃ for 1 and 2 h of retention.A total of six biochar products were created:400-1(i.e.,400℃ in 1 h),400-2,600-1,600-2,800-1,and 800-2.The 600℃ bamboo biochar products were observed to have the greatest potential in increasing soil K and water holding capacity.The 600-1 product had the highest potassium content(4.87%),with a water holding capacity of 3.73 g g^(−1),while the 600-2 product had the second-highest potassium content(4.13%)and the highest water holding capacity(4.21 g g^(−1))and cation exchange capacity.The K release in 600℃ products was larger and slower than that of the 400℃ and 800℃ products,respectively.The results also indicated that the physicochemical characteristics of bamboo biochar,such as yield,pH,surface area,water holding capacity,and K content,were significantly impacted by temperature,retention time,or a combination of these parameters.The outcomes from this study are a valuable reference for bamboo biochar production targeting agricultural soil amendment,particularly when it is directed at increasing soil K and water holding capacity.
