The stimulator of interferon genes(STING),an integral adaptor protein in the DNA-sensing pathway,plays a pivotal role in the innate immune response against infections.Additionally,it presents a valuable therapeutic ta...The stimulator of interferon genes(STING),an integral adaptor protein in the DNA-sensing pathway,plays a pivotal role in the innate immune response against infections.Additionally,it presents a valuable therapeutic target for infectious diseases and cancer.We observed that fangchinoline(Fan),a bis-benzylisoquinoline alkaloid(BBA),effectively impedes the replication of vesicular stomatitis virus(VSV),encephalomyocarditis virus(EMCV),influenza A virus(H1N1),and herpes simplex virus-1(HSV-1)in vitro.Fan treatment significantly reduced the viral load,attenuated tissue inflammation,and improved survival in a viral sepsis mouse model.Mechanistically,Fan activates the antiviral response in a STING-dependent manner,leading to increased expression of interferon(IFN)and interferon-stimulated genes(ISGs)for potent antiviral effects in vivo and in vitro.Notably,Fan interacts with STING,preventing its degradation and thereby extending the activation of IFN-based antiviral responses.Collectively,our findings highlight the potential of Fan,which elicits antiviral immunity by suppressing STING degradation,as a promising candidate for antiviral therapy.展开更多
CaO based sorbents have great potential for commercial use to capture CO_(2) of power plants.In the demand of producing sorbents with better cyclic performance,CaO-based sorbents derived from different kinds of calciu...CaO based sorbents have great potential for commercial use to capture CO_(2) of power plants.In the demand of producing sorbents with better cyclic performance,CaO-based sorbents derived from different kinds of calcium precursors,containing calcium carbonate(CC-CaO),calcium gluconate monohydrate(CG-CaO),calcium citrate(CCi-CaO)and calcium acetate monohydrate(CA-CaO),were tested cyclically and compared using simultaneous thermal analyzer(STA).And further study was conducted on the sorbents modified with citric acid monohydrate and 50%gluconic acid solution by wet mixing combustion synthesis.The modified sorbents showed better performance and higher pore parameters as well as porous microstructure with more organic acid added.After 20 cycles of carbonation and calcination,the C2CCi8(CaO:citric acid=2:8 by mass ratio)and C2G8(CaO:gluconic acid=2:8 by mass ratio)sorbent possess CO_(2) capture capacity of 0.45g·g^(-1)(g CO_(2) per g sorbents)and 0.52 g·g^(-1) respectively.The citric acid was more effective for modification than gluconic acid for extended 50 cycles.Furthermore,good linear relationship between CaO conversion and specific surface area as well as pore volume were determined,of which the specific surface area showed closer correlation with CaO conversion。展开更多
Background: Previous studies of contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AK1) were mostly based on selective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) cases, and risk factors of CI-AKI after emergency PCI are uncl...Background: Previous studies of contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AK1) were mostly based on selective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) cases, and risk factors of CI-AKI after emergency PCI are unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the risk factors of CI-AKi in a Chinese population undergoing emergency PCI. Methods: A total of 1061 consecutive patients undergoing emergency PCI during January 2013 and June 2015 were enrolled and divided into CI-AK1 and non-CI-AKl group. Univariable and multivariable analyses were used to identity the risk factors of CI-AKI in emergency PCI patients. CI-AKI was defined as an increase in serum creatinine ≥25% or ≥0.5 mg/dl (44.2 μmol/L) above baseline within 3 days alter exposure to contrast medium. Results: The incidence of C1-AKI in patients undergoing emergency PCI was 22.7% (241/1061). Logistic multivariable analysis showed that body surface area (BSA) (odds ratio [OR] 0.213, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.075-0.607, P = 0.004), history, of myocardial infarction (MI) (OR 1.642, 95% CI. 1.079-2.499, P- 0.021 ), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (OR 0.969, 95% CI: 0.944-0.994, P = 0.015), hemoglobin (Hb) (OR 0.988, 95% CI. 0.976-1.000, P 1.018 1.037, P 〈 0.001 ), left anterior descending (LAD) stented (OR 1 0.009 0.987, P- 0.049), and diuretics use (OR 1.850, 95% CI: 1.233-2 0.045), estimated glomerular filtration rate (OR 1.027, 95% CI: 464, 95% CI: 1.000 2.145, P 0.050), aspirin (OR 0.097, 95%CI: .777, P - 0.003) were independent predictors of CI-AKI in patients undergoing emergency PCI. Conclusion: History of MI, low BSA, LVEF and Hb level, LAD stented, and diuretics use are associated with increased risk of CI-AK1 in patients undergoing emergency PCI.展开更多
Background: Mounts of studies have shown that low estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is associated with increased risk of adverse outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease. However, high level of e...Background: Mounts of studies have shown that low estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is associated with increased risk of adverse outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease. However, high level of eGFR was less reported. In the study, we aimed to explore the relationship between the baseline eGFR, especially the high level, and contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) in a Chinese population who underwent an emergency percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: Patients who underwent an emergency PCI from 2013 to 2015 were enrolled and divided into five groups as eGFR decreasing. Baseline characteristics were collected and analyzed. The rates of CI-AKI and the composite endpoint (including nonfatal myocardial infarction, revascularization, stroke, and all-cause death) at 6- and 12-month follow-up were compared. Logistic analysis for CI-AKI was performed.Results: A total of 1061 patients were included and the overall CI-AKI rate was 22.7% (241 / 1061). The separate rates were 77.8% (7/9) in Group 1 (eGFR 〉 120 ml·min^-1 -1.73 m^-2), 26.0% (118/454) in Group 2 (120 ml·min^-1·min^-11.73 m^-2〉 eGFR≥90 ml·min^-1 1.73^-2), 18.3% (86/469) in Group 3 (90 ml·min^-1 1.73 m^-2〉 eGFR 〉60 ml·min^-1·min^-11.73 m^-2), 21.8% (26/119) in Group 4 (60 ml·min^-1·1.73 m^-2〉 eGFR≥30 ml·min^-1·min^-11.73 m^-2), and 40.0% (4/10) in Group 5 (eGFR 〈30 ml·min^-1·min^-1·min^-11.73 m^-2), with statistical significance (χ^2 = 25.19, P 〈 0.001). The rates of CI-AKI in five groups were 77.8%, 26.0%, 18.3%, 21.8%, and 40.0%, respectively, showing a U-typed curve as eGFR decreasing (the higher the level of eGFR, the higher the CI-AKI occurrence in case ofeGFR_〉60 ml·min^-1·1.73 m^-2). The composite endpoint rates in five groups were 0, 0.9%, 2.1%, 6.7%, and 0 at 6-month follow-up, respectively, and 0, 3.3%, 3.4%, 16.0%, and 30.0% at 12-month follow-up, respectively, both with significant differences (χ^2 = 16.26, P = 0.009 at 6-month follow-up, and χ^2 = 49.05, P 〈 0.001 at 12-month follow-up). The logistic analysis confirmed that eGFR was one of independent risk factors of CI-AKI in emergency PCI patients. Conclusions: High level ofeGFR might be associated with increased risk of CI-AKI in patients with emergency PCI, implying for future studies and risk stratification in clinical practice.展开更多
Background:Sacral pressure ulcers are associated with high morbidity and,in some cases,result in mortality from severe sepsis.Local flaps are frequently used for reconstruction of stage III and IV pressure ulcers.An i...Background:Sacral pressure ulcers are associated with high morbidity and,in some cases,result in mortality from severe sepsis.Local flaps are frequently used for reconstruction of stage III and IV pressure ulcers.An ideal flap should be simple to design,have a reliable vascular supply and minimal donor site morbidity.Our study evaluates the use of a bilobed flap based on the superficial branch of the superior gluteal artery or the posterior branch of the fourth lumbar artery to reconstruct the sacral pressure ulcer.Case presentation:We performed a retrospective analysis of paraplegic patients with sacral pressure ulcers treated with our bilobed flaps from January 2015 to December 2019.A description of our management,operative protocol,outcome and complications is outlined.Seven paraplegic patients(6 male,1 female;average age 53.1 years)with sacral pressure ulcers were treated with our bilobed flap based on the superficial branch of the superior gluteal artery or the posterior branch of the fourth lumbar artery.The average size of the pressure ulcers was 7×5 cm(range 6.2×4.5 cm to 11×10 cm).All 7 flaps survived.The patients were followed up for 12 months without significant complications,such as flap necrosis or recurrence.Conclusions:The superficial branch of the superior gluteal artery or the posterior branch of the fourth lumbar artery reliably supplies the bilobed flap.The superior cluneal nerve can be included in the design.The technique is simple and reliable.It should be included in the reconstructive algorithm for the management of sacral pressure ulcers.展开更多
This study aimed to investigate the long-term biocompatibility, safety, and degradation of the ultrathin nitrided iron bioresorbable scaffold (BRS) in vivo, encompassing the whole process of bioresorption in porcine c...This study aimed to investigate the long-term biocompatibility, safety, and degradation of the ultrathin nitrided iron bioresorbable scaffold (BRS) in vivo, encompassing the whole process of bioresorption in porcine coronary arteries. Fifty-two nitrided iron scaffolds (strut thickness of 70 μm) and 28 Vision Co–Cr stents were randomly implanted into coronary arteries of healthy mini-swine. The efficacy and safety of the nitrided iron scaffold were comparable with those of the Vision stentwithin 52 weeks after implantation. In addition, the long-term biocompatibility, safety, and bioresorption of the nitrided iron scaffold were evaluated by coronary angiog-raphy, optical coherence tomography, micro-computed tomography, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometry and histopathological evaluations at 4, 12, 26, 52 weeks and even at 7 years after im-plantation. In particular, a large number of struts were almost completely absorbed in situ at 7 years follow-up, which were first illustrated in this study. The lymphatic drainage pathway might serve as the potential clearance way of iron and its corrosion products.展开更多
Glutamate-induced neuronal damage is mainly caused by overactivation of N-methyl-D-aspartate(NMDA)receptors.Conversely,normal physiological brain function and neuronal survival require adequate activation of NMDA rece...Glutamate-induced neuronal damage is mainly caused by overactivation of N-methyl-D-aspartate(NMDA)receptors.Conversely,normal physiological brain function and neuronal survival require adequate activation of NMDA receptors.Studies have revealed that NMDA receptor-induced neuronal death or survival is mediated through distinct subset of NMDA receptors triggering different intracellular signaling pathways.Here we discuss recent advances in the characterization of NMDA receptors in neuronal protection,emphasizing subunit-specific role,which contributes to temporal-spatial distribution,subcellular localization and diverse channel properties of NMDA receptors.展开更多
The plastic behaviors of thin metallic foils,including size effect,Bauschinger effect,and passivation effect,are studied under cyclic bending condition using the strain gradient visco-plasticity theory.The finite elem...The plastic behaviors of thin metallic foils,including size effect,Bauschinger effect,and passivation effect,are studied under cyclic bending condition using the strain gradient visco-plasticity theory.The finite element simulations are performed on the cyclic bending of the elasto-viscoplastic thin foils with passivated and unpassivated surfaces.The study is also conducted on the transition from a passivated surface to an unpassivated one.The roles of the dissipative and energetic gradient terms are emphasized.From the results,it is found that the dissipative gradient terms increase the yield strength,while the energetic gradient terms increase the strain hardening,resulting in an anomalous Bauschinger effect.Further,it is observed that the surface passivation effect increases both the normalized bending moment at initial yielding and strain hardening.The comparison between the numerical results of cases with and without passivation demonstrates that the switching of boundary conditions significantly affects the plastic behavior of the foils under cyclic bending.展开更多
One of the grand strategies in the development of the nervous system is to overproduce constructive elements and then selectively to prune the excess,for example,by synaptic pruning.Given limited resources,surviving s...One of the grand strategies in the development of the nervous system is to overproduce constructive elements and then selectively to prune the excess,for example,by synaptic pruning.Given limited resources,surviving synapses are nurtured and reinforced,while the unsuccessful synapses are eliminated.Synaptic pruning also persists in the mature nervous system via activity-dependent plasticity,which is crucial for learning and memory.To assemble refined mature neuronal circuits and maintain homeostasis,synaptic pruning must proceed in a controlled and timely manner.Aberrant synaptic pruning may lead to neurodevelopmental disorders,such as autism,schizophrenia,and epilepsy[1].展开更多
The work proposes a three-laser-beam streak tube imaging lidar system. Besides the main measuring laser beam,the second beam is used to decrease the error of time synchronization. The third beam has n+0.5 pixels' di...The work proposes a three-laser-beam streak tube imaging lidar system. Besides the main measuring laser beam,the second beam is used to decrease the error of time synchronization. The third beam has n+0.5 pixels' difference compared to the main measuring beam on a CCD, and it is used to correct the error caused by CCD discrete sampling. A three-dimensional(3D) imaging experiment using this scheme is carried out with time bin size of 0.066 ns(i.e., corresponding to a distance of 9.9 mm). An image of a 3D model is obtained with the depth resolution of 〈2 mm, which corresponds to ~0.2 pixel.展开更多
基金supported by the Beijing Nova Program,China(Grant No.:20230484342)the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by China Association of Chinese Medicine(CACM),China(Grant No.:2023-QNRC2-A02)the Joint Fund of Beijing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and USANA Health Sciences corporation,China(Grant No.:BUCM2023-JS-KF-032).
文摘The stimulator of interferon genes(STING),an integral adaptor protein in the DNA-sensing pathway,plays a pivotal role in the innate immune response against infections.Additionally,it presents a valuable therapeutic target for infectious diseases and cancer.We observed that fangchinoline(Fan),a bis-benzylisoquinoline alkaloid(BBA),effectively impedes the replication of vesicular stomatitis virus(VSV),encephalomyocarditis virus(EMCV),influenza A virus(H1N1),and herpes simplex virus-1(HSV-1)in vitro.Fan treatment significantly reduced the viral load,attenuated tissue inflammation,and improved survival in a viral sepsis mouse model.Mechanistically,Fan activates the antiviral response in a STING-dependent manner,leading to increased expression of interferon(IFN)and interferon-stimulated genes(ISGs)for potent antiviral effects in vivo and in vitro.Notably,Fan interacts with STING,preventing its degradation and thereby extending the activation of IFN-based antiviral responses.Collectively,our findings highlight the potential of Fan,which elicits antiviral immunity by suppressing STING degradation,as a promising candidate for antiviral therapy.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(51606076),and Analytical and Testing Center of HUST for FSEM measurements.
文摘CaO based sorbents have great potential for commercial use to capture CO_(2) of power plants.In the demand of producing sorbents with better cyclic performance,CaO-based sorbents derived from different kinds of calcium precursors,containing calcium carbonate(CC-CaO),calcium gluconate monohydrate(CG-CaO),calcium citrate(CCi-CaO)and calcium acetate monohydrate(CA-CaO),were tested cyclically and compared using simultaneous thermal analyzer(STA).And further study was conducted on the sorbents modified with citric acid monohydrate and 50%gluconic acid solution by wet mixing combustion synthesis.The modified sorbents showed better performance and higher pore parameters as well as porous microstructure with more organic acid added.After 20 cycles of carbonation and calcination,the C2CCi8(CaO:citric acid=2:8 by mass ratio)and C2G8(CaO:gluconic acid=2:8 by mass ratio)sorbent possess CO_(2) capture capacity of 0.45g·g^(-1)(g CO_(2) per g sorbents)and 0.52 g·g^(-1) respectively.The citric acid was more effective for modification than gluconic acid for extended 50 cycles.Furthermore,good linear relationship between CaO conversion and specific surface area as well as pore volume were determined,of which the specific surface area showed closer correlation with CaO conversion。
文摘Background: Previous studies of contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AK1) were mostly based on selective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) cases, and risk factors of CI-AKI after emergency PCI are unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the risk factors of CI-AKi in a Chinese population undergoing emergency PCI. Methods: A total of 1061 consecutive patients undergoing emergency PCI during January 2013 and June 2015 were enrolled and divided into CI-AK1 and non-CI-AKl group. Univariable and multivariable analyses were used to identity the risk factors of CI-AKI in emergency PCI patients. CI-AKI was defined as an increase in serum creatinine ≥25% or ≥0.5 mg/dl (44.2 μmol/L) above baseline within 3 days alter exposure to contrast medium. Results: The incidence of C1-AKI in patients undergoing emergency PCI was 22.7% (241/1061). Logistic multivariable analysis showed that body surface area (BSA) (odds ratio [OR] 0.213, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.075-0.607, P = 0.004), history, of myocardial infarction (MI) (OR 1.642, 95% CI. 1.079-2.499, P- 0.021 ), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (OR 0.969, 95% CI: 0.944-0.994, P = 0.015), hemoglobin (Hb) (OR 0.988, 95% CI. 0.976-1.000, P 1.018 1.037, P 〈 0.001 ), left anterior descending (LAD) stented (OR 1 0.009 0.987, P- 0.049), and diuretics use (OR 1.850, 95% CI: 1.233-2 0.045), estimated glomerular filtration rate (OR 1.027, 95% CI: 464, 95% CI: 1.000 2.145, P 0.050), aspirin (OR 0.097, 95%CI: .777, P - 0.003) were independent predictors of CI-AKI in patients undergoing emergency PCI. Conclusion: History of MI, low BSA, LVEF and Hb level, LAD stented, and diuretics use are associated with increased risk of CI-AK1 in patients undergoing emergency PCI.
文摘Background: Mounts of studies have shown that low estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is associated with increased risk of adverse outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease. However, high level of eGFR was less reported. In the study, we aimed to explore the relationship between the baseline eGFR, especially the high level, and contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) in a Chinese population who underwent an emergency percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: Patients who underwent an emergency PCI from 2013 to 2015 were enrolled and divided into five groups as eGFR decreasing. Baseline characteristics were collected and analyzed. The rates of CI-AKI and the composite endpoint (including nonfatal myocardial infarction, revascularization, stroke, and all-cause death) at 6- and 12-month follow-up were compared. Logistic analysis for CI-AKI was performed.Results: A total of 1061 patients were included and the overall CI-AKI rate was 22.7% (241 / 1061). The separate rates were 77.8% (7/9) in Group 1 (eGFR 〉 120 ml·min^-1 -1.73 m^-2), 26.0% (118/454) in Group 2 (120 ml·min^-1·min^-11.73 m^-2〉 eGFR≥90 ml·min^-1 1.73^-2), 18.3% (86/469) in Group 3 (90 ml·min^-1 1.73 m^-2〉 eGFR 〉60 ml·min^-1·min^-11.73 m^-2), 21.8% (26/119) in Group 4 (60 ml·min^-1·1.73 m^-2〉 eGFR≥30 ml·min^-1·min^-11.73 m^-2), and 40.0% (4/10) in Group 5 (eGFR 〈30 ml·min^-1·min^-1·min^-11.73 m^-2), with statistical significance (χ^2 = 25.19, P 〈 0.001). The rates of CI-AKI in five groups were 77.8%, 26.0%, 18.3%, 21.8%, and 40.0%, respectively, showing a U-typed curve as eGFR decreasing (the higher the level of eGFR, the higher the CI-AKI occurrence in case ofeGFR_〉60 ml·min^-1·1.73 m^-2). The composite endpoint rates in five groups were 0, 0.9%, 2.1%, 6.7%, and 0 at 6-month follow-up, respectively, and 0, 3.3%, 3.4%, 16.0%, and 30.0% at 12-month follow-up, respectively, both with significant differences (χ^2 = 16.26, P = 0.009 at 6-month follow-up, and χ^2 = 49.05, P 〈 0.001 at 12-month follow-up). The logistic analysis confirmed that eGFR was one of independent risk factors of CI-AKI in emergency PCI patients. Conclusions: High level ofeGFR might be associated with increased risk of CI-AKI in patients with emergency PCI, implying for future studies and risk stratification in clinical practice.
基金supported by funding from the following programs:The National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Number:81772098)the Clinical Multi-Disciplinary Team Research Program of the Ninth People’s Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine+1 种基金the Clinical Research Program of the Ninth People’s Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicineand the Shanghai Municipal Education Commission Gaofeng Clinical Medicine Grant Support.
文摘Background:Sacral pressure ulcers are associated with high morbidity and,in some cases,result in mortality from severe sepsis.Local flaps are frequently used for reconstruction of stage III and IV pressure ulcers.An ideal flap should be simple to design,have a reliable vascular supply and minimal donor site morbidity.Our study evaluates the use of a bilobed flap based on the superficial branch of the superior gluteal artery or the posterior branch of the fourth lumbar artery to reconstruct the sacral pressure ulcer.Case presentation:We performed a retrospective analysis of paraplegic patients with sacral pressure ulcers treated with our bilobed flaps from January 2015 to December 2019.A description of our management,operative protocol,outcome and complications is outlined.Seven paraplegic patients(6 male,1 female;average age 53.1 years)with sacral pressure ulcers were treated with our bilobed flap based on the superficial branch of the superior gluteal artery or the posterior branch of the fourth lumbar artery.The average size of the pressure ulcers was 7×5 cm(range 6.2×4.5 cm to 11×10 cm).All 7 flaps survived.The patients were followed up for 12 months without significant complications,such as flap necrosis or recurrence.Conclusions:The superficial branch of the superior gluteal artery or the posterior branch of the fourth lumbar artery reliably supplies the bilobed flap.The superior cluneal nerve can be included in the design.The technique is simple and reliable.It should be included in the reconstructive algorithm for the management of sacral pressure ulcers.
基金This study was supported by National Key R&D Program of China(grants number 2018YFC1106600)Shenzhen Industrial and Information Technology Bureau(20180309174916657)Science,Technology and Innova-tion Commission of Shenzhen Municipality(grant number GJHZ20180418190517302).
文摘This study aimed to investigate the long-term biocompatibility, safety, and degradation of the ultrathin nitrided iron bioresorbable scaffold (BRS) in vivo, encompassing the whole process of bioresorption in porcine coronary arteries. Fifty-two nitrided iron scaffolds (strut thickness of 70 μm) and 28 Vision Co–Cr stents were randomly implanted into coronary arteries of healthy mini-swine. The efficacy and safety of the nitrided iron scaffold were comparable with those of the Vision stentwithin 52 weeks after implantation. In addition, the long-term biocompatibility, safety, and bioresorption of the nitrided iron scaffold were evaluated by coronary angiog-raphy, optical coherence tomography, micro-computed tomography, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometry and histopathological evaluations at 4, 12, 26, 52 weeks and even at 7 years after im-plantation. In particular, a large number of struts were almost completely absorbed in situ at 7 years follow-up, which were first illustrated in this study. The lymphatic drainage pathway might serve as the potential clearance way of iron and its corrosion products.
基金supported by a NINDS Career Transition Award(to B.-S.C.).
文摘Glutamate-induced neuronal damage is mainly caused by overactivation of N-methyl-D-aspartate(NMDA)receptors.Conversely,normal physiological brain function and neuronal survival require adequate activation of NMDA receptors.Studies have revealed that NMDA receptor-induced neuronal death or survival is mediated through distinct subset of NMDA receptors triggering different intracellular signaling pathways.Here we discuss recent advances in the characterization of NMDA receptors in neuronal protection,emphasizing subunit-specific role,which contributes to temporal-spatial distribution,subcellular localization and diverse channel properties of NMDA receptors.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 11702103,and the Young Top-notch Talent Cultivation Program of Hubei Province.
文摘The plastic behaviors of thin metallic foils,including size effect,Bauschinger effect,and passivation effect,are studied under cyclic bending condition using the strain gradient visco-plasticity theory.The finite element simulations are performed on the cyclic bending of the elasto-viscoplastic thin foils with passivated and unpassivated surfaces.The study is also conducted on the transition from a passivated surface to an unpassivated one.The roles of the dissipative and energetic gradient terms are emphasized.From the results,it is found that the dissipative gradient terms increase the yield strength,while the energetic gradient terms increase the strain hardening,resulting in an anomalous Bauschinger effect.Further,it is observed that the surface passivation effect increases both the normalized bending moment at initial yielding and strain hardening.The comparison between the numerical results of cases with and without passivation demonstrates that the switching of boundary conditions significantly affects the plastic behavior of the foils under cyclic bending.
基金Grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31830033 and 82090032)the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Teams in University(IRT_16R37)the Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province,China(2018B030334001).
文摘One of the grand strategies in the development of the nervous system is to overproduce constructive elements and then selectively to prune the excess,for example,by synaptic pruning.Given limited resources,surviving synapses are nurtured and reinforced,while the unsuccessful synapses are eliminated.Synaptic pruning also persists in the mature nervous system via activity-dependent plasticity,which is crucial for learning and memory.To assemble refined mature neuronal circuits and maintain homeostasis,synaptic pruning must proceed in a controlled and timely manner.Aberrant synaptic pruning may lead to neurodevelopmental disorders,such as autism,schizophrenia,and epilepsy[1].
基金supported by the National Key Scientific Instrument and Equipment Development Projects of China(No.2012YQ040164)
文摘The work proposes a three-laser-beam streak tube imaging lidar system. Besides the main measuring laser beam,the second beam is used to decrease the error of time synchronization. The third beam has n+0.5 pixels' difference compared to the main measuring beam on a CCD, and it is used to correct the error caused by CCD discrete sampling. A three-dimensional(3D) imaging experiment using this scheme is carried out with time bin size of 0.066 ns(i.e., corresponding to a distance of 9.9 mm). An image of a 3D model is obtained with the depth resolution of 〈2 mm, which corresponds to ~0.2 pixel.