Stroke is a devastating disease that occurs when a blood vessel in the brain is either blocked or ruptured,consequently leading to deficits in neurological function.Stroke consistently ranked as one of the top causes ...Stroke is a devastating disease that occurs when a blood vessel in the brain is either blocked or ruptured,consequently leading to deficits in neurological function.Stroke consistently ranked as one of the top causes of mortality,and with the mean age of incidence decreasing,there is renewed interest to seek novel therapeutic treatments.The Scavenger Receptor Class B type 1(SR-B1)is a multifunctional protein found on the surface of a variety of cells.Research has found that that SR-B1 primarily functions in an anti-inflammatory and antiatherosclerotic capacity.In this review,we discuss the characteristics of SR-B1 and focus on its potential correlation with the modifiable risk factors of stroke.SR-B1 likely has an impact on stroke through its interaction with smoking,diabetes mellitus,diet,physical inactivity,obesity,hypercholesterolemia,atherosclerosis,coronary heart disease,hypertension,and sickle cell disease,all of which are critical risk factors in the pathogenesis of stroke.展开更多
Neurosurgical procedures cause inevitable brain damage from the multitude of surgical manipulations utilized.Incisions,retraction,thermal damage from electrocautery,and intraoperative hemorrhage cause immediate and lo...Neurosurgical procedures cause inevitable brain damage from the multitude of surgical manipulations utilized.Incisions,retraction,thermal damage from electrocautery,and intraoperative hemorrhage cause immediate and long-term brain injuries that are directly linked to neurosurgical operations,and these types of injuries,collectively,have been termed surgical brain injury(SBI).For the past decade,a model developed to study the underlying brain pathologies resulting from SBI has provided insight on cellular mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets.This model,as seen in a rat,mouse,and rabbit,mimics a neurosurgical operation and causes commonly encountered post-operative complications such as brain edema,neuroinflammation,and hemorrhage.In this review,we elaborate on SBI and its clinical impact,the SBI animal models and their clinical relevance,the importance of applying therapeutics before neurosurgical procedures(i.e.,preconditioning),and the new direction of applying venom-derived proteins to attenuate SBI.展开更多
文摘Stroke is a devastating disease that occurs when a blood vessel in the brain is either blocked or ruptured,consequently leading to deficits in neurological function.Stroke consistently ranked as one of the top causes of mortality,and with the mean age of incidence decreasing,there is renewed interest to seek novel therapeutic treatments.The Scavenger Receptor Class B type 1(SR-B1)is a multifunctional protein found on the surface of a variety of cells.Research has found that that SR-B1 primarily functions in an anti-inflammatory and antiatherosclerotic capacity.In this review,we discuss the characteristics of SR-B1 and focus on its potential correlation with the modifiable risk factors of stroke.SR-B1 likely has an impact on stroke through its interaction with smoking,diabetes mellitus,diet,physical inactivity,obesity,hypercholesterolemia,atherosclerosis,coronary heart disease,hypertension,and sickle cell disease,all of which are critical risk factors in the pathogenesis of stroke.
基金This study was partially supported by NIH R01BS084921 to J.H.Z.
文摘Neurosurgical procedures cause inevitable brain damage from the multitude of surgical manipulations utilized.Incisions,retraction,thermal damage from electrocautery,and intraoperative hemorrhage cause immediate and long-term brain injuries that are directly linked to neurosurgical operations,and these types of injuries,collectively,have been termed surgical brain injury(SBI).For the past decade,a model developed to study the underlying brain pathologies resulting from SBI has provided insight on cellular mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets.This model,as seen in a rat,mouse,and rabbit,mimics a neurosurgical operation and causes commonly encountered post-operative complications such as brain edema,neuroinflammation,and hemorrhage.In this review,we elaborate on SBI and its clinical impact,the SBI animal models and their clinical relevance,the importance of applying therapeutics before neurosurgical procedures(i.e.,preconditioning),and the new direction of applying venom-derived proteins to attenuate SBI.
