Modern gas turbines work under demanding high temperatures, high pressures, andhigh rotational speeds. In order to ensure durable and reliable operation, effective cooling mea-sures must be applied to the high-tempera...Modern gas turbines work under demanding high temperatures, high pressures, andhigh rotational speeds. In order to ensure durable and reliable operation, effective cooling mea-sures must be applied to the high-temperature rotating components, including turbine bladesand turbine disks. Cooling technology, however, is one of the most challenging problems inthis field. The present work reviews the current state of cooling technology research, at boththe fundamental science and engineering implementation levels, including modeling and simu-lation, experiments and diagnostics, and cooling technologies for blades and disks. In numericalsimulation, the RANS approach remains the most commonly used technique for flow-dynamicsand heat-transfer simulations. Much attention has been given to the development of improvedturbulence modeling for flows under rotation. For measurement and diagnostics, advancedinstrumentation and rotating-flow test facilities have been developed and valuable experimentaldata obtained. Detailed velocity and temperature distributions in rotating boundary layers havebeen obtained at scales sufficient to resolve various underlying mechanisms. Both isothermaland non-isothermal conditions have been considered, and the effects of Coriolis and buoyancyforces on flow evolution and heat transfer quantitatively identified. Cooling technologies havebeen improved by optimizing cooling passage dsigns, especially for curved configurations un-der rotation. Novel methods such as lamellar cooling and micro-scale cooling were proposed,and their effectiveness evaluated. For disk/cavity cooling, efforts were mainly focused on rotor-stator systems, with special attention given to the position of air injection into disks.展开更多
文摘Modern gas turbines work under demanding high temperatures, high pressures, andhigh rotational speeds. In order to ensure durable and reliable operation, effective cooling mea-sures must be applied to the high-temperature rotating components, including turbine bladesand turbine disks. Cooling technology, however, is one of the most challenging problems inthis field. The present work reviews the current state of cooling technology research, at boththe fundamental science and engineering implementation levels, including modeling and simu-lation, experiments and diagnostics, and cooling technologies for blades and disks. In numericalsimulation, the RANS approach remains the most commonly used technique for flow-dynamicsand heat-transfer simulations. Much attention has been given to the development of improvedturbulence modeling for flows under rotation. For measurement and diagnostics, advancedinstrumentation and rotating-flow test facilities have been developed and valuable experimentaldata obtained. Detailed velocity and temperature distributions in rotating boundary layers havebeen obtained at scales sufficient to resolve various underlying mechanisms. Both isothermaland non-isothermal conditions have been considered, and the effects of Coriolis and buoyancyforces on flow evolution and heat transfer quantitatively identified. Cooling technologies havebeen improved by optimizing cooling passage dsigns, especially for curved configurations un-der rotation. Novel methods such as lamellar cooling and micro-scale cooling were proposed,and their effectiveness evaluated. For disk/cavity cooling, efforts were mainly focused on rotor-stator systems, with special attention given to the position of air injection into disks.
