This study describes a novel dark-green spore producing strain of Trichoderma harzianum exhibiting higher activities of cellulase, hemicellulase and ligninase on specific plate assays. To assess the cellulase producti...This study describes a novel dark-green spore producing strain of Trichoderma harzianum exhibiting higher activities of cellulase, hemicellulase and ligninase on specific plate assays. To assess the cellulase production in detail, basal salt medium (BSM) was supplemented with synthetic [carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), glucose, sucrose, dextrose, lactose or maltose] and natural (flours of banana, banana peel, jack seed, potato or tapioca) carbon as well as nitrogen (yeast extract, beef extract, peptone, NaNO3 or NH4NO3) sources. Temperature and pH optima were 28?C and 4, respectively for the growth of the fungus in CMC- BSM with 146 U/ml cellulase activity. Flours of potato and banana supported comparable yields of cellulase to that of CMC (147 U/ml and 168 U/ml, respectively), while sodium nitrate was the preferred nitrogen source (150 U/ml). The water soluble yellowish-green pigment (a probable siderophore) extracted from the spores showed an absorption maximum at 414 nm. To comprise, this fungus shows the complete lignocellulolytic potential which offers great industrial significance, especially for the ethanol production from the lignocellulosic waste coupled with the production of a new pigment.展开更多
In this study we describe a novel dark-green strain of Trichoderma viride exhibiting complete ensemble of cellulase, hemicellulase and ligninase activities on specific plate assays. To assess the cellulase production ...In this study we describe a novel dark-green strain of Trichoderma viride exhibiting complete ensemble of cellulase, hemicellulase and ligninase activities on specific plate assays. To assess the cellulase production in detail, basal salt medium (BSM) was fortified with synthetic (carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), glucose, sucrose, dextrose, lactose or maltose) and natural (flours of banana, banana peel, jack seed, potato or tapioca) carbon as well as nitrogen (yeast extract, beef extract, peptone, NaNO3 or NH4NO3) sources. Temperature and pH optima were 28°C and 4, respectively for the growth of the fungus in CMC-BSM with 137 U/mL cellulase activity, which was enhanced to 173 U/mL at 1.25% CMC concentration. Flours of potato and banana peel supported comparable yields of cellulase to that of CMC, while sodium nitrate was the preferred nitrogen source. The water soluble bluish-green pigment (a probable siderophore) extracted from the spores showed an absorption maximum at 292 nm. To sum up, the complete lignocellulolytic potential of this fungus offers great industrial significance, coupled with the production of a new pigment.展开更多
Owing to the production of alpha, beta and gamma amylase subtypes;starch degrading microbes, especially bacteria have an invincible role in the food, fermentation, textile and paper industries. Of them, α-amylases fr...Owing to the production of alpha, beta and gamma amylase subtypes;starch degrading microbes, especially bacteria have an invincible role in the food, fermentation, textile and paper industries. Of them, α-amylases from Bacillus spp. have contributed tremendous advancements in bio-industry, especially in starch, detergent and pharmaceutical arena. Though general reviews are seen in literature on amylases, no focused review is available yet solely on α-amylases produced by Bacillus spp. Hence, this focused review on α-amylases from the genus Bacillus is designed in such a way that it should give a vivid picture on most of the aspects on bacillial α-amylases in a handy module with an industrial perspective. With a short introduction on amylases in general, α-amylases from various species of Bacillus reviewed herein encompasses production of α-amylases by submerged and solid-state fermentations;nutrients and other factors required for maximizing production;immobilization strategies for whole cells or purified enzyme;an overview on the molecular weight of the enzyme;followed by distinct sections for purification, characterisation, stability and crystal structure;and concluded with a section on industrial applications of the α-amylases from Bacillus spp.展开更多
文摘This study describes a novel dark-green spore producing strain of Trichoderma harzianum exhibiting higher activities of cellulase, hemicellulase and ligninase on specific plate assays. To assess the cellulase production in detail, basal salt medium (BSM) was supplemented with synthetic [carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), glucose, sucrose, dextrose, lactose or maltose] and natural (flours of banana, banana peel, jack seed, potato or tapioca) carbon as well as nitrogen (yeast extract, beef extract, peptone, NaNO3 or NH4NO3) sources. Temperature and pH optima were 28?C and 4, respectively for the growth of the fungus in CMC- BSM with 146 U/ml cellulase activity. Flours of potato and banana supported comparable yields of cellulase to that of CMC (147 U/ml and 168 U/ml, respectively), while sodium nitrate was the preferred nitrogen source (150 U/ml). The water soluble yellowish-green pigment (a probable siderophore) extracted from the spores showed an absorption maximum at 414 nm. To comprise, this fungus shows the complete lignocellulolytic potential which offers great industrial significance, especially for the ethanol production from the lignocellulosic waste coupled with the production of a new pigment.
文摘In this study we describe a novel dark-green strain of Trichoderma viride exhibiting complete ensemble of cellulase, hemicellulase and ligninase activities on specific plate assays. To assess the cellulase production in detail, basal salt medium (BSM) was fortified with synthetic (carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), glucose, sucrose, dextrose, lactose or maltose) and natural (flours of banana, banana peel, jack seed, potato or tapioca) carbon as well as nitrogen (yeast extract, beef extract, peptone, NaNO3 or NH4NO3) sources. Temperature and pH optima were 28°C and 4, respectively for the growth of the fungus in CMC-BSM with 137 U/mL cellulase activity, which was enhanced to 173 U/mL at 1.25% CMC concentration. Flours of potato and banana peel supported comparable yields of cellulase to that of CMC, while sodium nitrate was the preferred nitrogen source. The water soluble bluish-green pigment (a probable siderophore) extracted from the spores showed an absorption maximum at 292 nm. To sum up, the complete lignocellulolytic potential of this fungus offers great industrial significance, coupled with the production of a new pigment.
文摘Owing to the production of alpha, beta and gamma amylase subtypes;starch degrading microbes, especially bacteria have an invincible role in the food, fermentation, textile and paper industries. Of them, α-amylases from Bacillus spp. have contributed tremendous advancements in bio-industry, especially in starch, detergent and pharmaceutical arena. Though general reviews are seen in literature on amylases, no focused review is available yet solely on α-amylases produced by Bacillus spp. Hence, this focused review on α-amylases from the genus Bacillus is designed in such a way that it should give a vivid picture on most of the aspects on bacillial α-amylases in a handy module with an industrial perspective. With a short introduction on amylases in general, α-amylases from various species of Bacillus reviewed herein encompasses production of α-amylases by submerged and solid-state fermentations;nutrients and other factors required for maximizing production;immobilization strategies for whole cells or purified enzyme;an overview on the molecular weight of the enzyme;followed by distinct sections for purification, characterisation, stability and crystal structure;and concluded with a section on industrial applications of the α-amylases from Bacillus spp.
