Secondary metabolite credentials ofEvolvulus alsinoides by high performance thin layer chromatography(HPTLC)

Plants and plant-based products are the bases of many modern pharmaceuticals that are current in use today for various diseases.The aim of the study was to investigate the biochemical constituents and high performance thin layer chromatography（HPTLC） finger printing of the ethanolic extract of Evolvulus alsinoides.Phytochemical screening was done by standard procedures and HPTLC method was also established to analyze alkaloids,flavonoids and phenolic compounds from the ethanolic extract of Evolvulus alsinoides.Preliminary phytochemical screening showed that ethanol extracted more secondary metabolites than other solvents.HPTLC fingerprinting analysis showed the presence of various alkaloids,flavonoids and phenols（quercetin） in the ethanolic extract.It can be concluded that Evolvulus alsinoides may serve as a source of potent antioxidants that may be used in the prevention of various diseases such as cancer,diabetes and cardiovascular diseases due to the presence of phenolic compounds.HPTLC finger print of Evolvulus alsinoides may be useful in the differentiation of the species from adulterants and act as a biochemical marker for this medicinally important plant in the pharmaceutical industry and plant systematic studies.

Protective effect of Mollugo nudicaulis Lam.on acute liver injury induced by perchloroethylene in experimental rats

Objective:To evaluate the protective effect of ethanol extract of Mollugo nudicaulis(M.nudicaulis) against perchloroethylene-induced hepatotoxicity.Methods:The hepatoprotective activity of the ethanol extract of M.nudicaulis(200 mg/kg body wt) was studied in percholoroethylene (1 000 mg/kg body wt) induced hepatotoxicity in Wistar albino rats.The serum levels of AST, ALT,ALP,bilirubin and the liver content of SOD,CAT,GPx,GST,CSH,vitamin C were assessed to evaluate the hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities of the extract.The activity of the extract was compared with silymarin,a standard reference drug.In addition,serum urea,uric acid and creatinine levels were measured to evaluate the kidney function.The histopathological examination of the liver tissues was observed to support the biochemical parameters.Results: The results revealed that the extract significantly(P【0.05) restored the serum levels of AST,ALT, ALP,bilinibin and significantly(P【0.05) increased the antioxidant enzymes SOD,CAT,GPx,GST, GSH,vitamin C in perchloroethylene-induced rats to its normalcy.The biochemical observations were suppoited by the histopathological studies of the liver tissues.Conclusions:The results led to the conclusion that M.nudicaulis possess hepatoprotective and antioxidant activites against perchloroethylene-induced hepatotoxicity in rats.

红姜叶提取物所含化学成分的抗肿瘤及抗菌作用(英文)

目的:研究红姜叶提取物中的化学成分的抗肿瘤及抗菌活性。方法:用自来水充分洗净红姜叶,晾干后制成粉剂,用连续溶剂系统提取其化学成分。对植物化学成分进行评估,运用纸片扩散法检测植物提取物的抗菌活性,利用四甲基偶氮唑盐比色法检测植物叶子的乙酸乙酯提取物的抗肿瘤作用。结果:红姜叶经乙酸乙酯提取后,能最大限度得到有效的植物化学成分。不同浓度的红姜叶植物提取物抑制细菌的区域为5～14mm;并且在48h内、植物提取物半数抑制浓度为110.25μg/mL时表现出抗PA1卵巢癌细胞株活性,且细胞数量呈剂量依赖性递减。结论:红姜叶的乙酸乙酯提取物中的化学成分可有效抑制细菌活性,并具有抗肿瘤的作用。

Anticancer activity of the ethanolic extract of Crateva nurvala bark against testosterone and MNU-induced prostate cancer in rats

AIM: In the present study the anticancer activity of the ethanolic extract of Crateva nurvala bark was evaluated against testosterone and N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU)-induced prostate cancer in male Wistar rats. METHODS: Prostate cancer was induced in rats by the injection of testosterone for 3 d followed by injection of the chemical carcinogen MNU for 1 week. The prostate cancer-induced rats were treated with the ethanolic extract of C. nurvala bark, and testosterone injection was also continued through the experimental period of 4 months. Biochemical estimations including prostatic acid phosphatase, lipid peroxidation, enzymic antioxidants and non-enzymic antioxidants activity were done in the prostate and seminal vesicle tissue homogenate. RESULTS: There was a significant increase in the level of acid phosphatase and lipid peroxidation in prostate cancer-induced rats, and after treatment with C. nurvala extract a significant decrease in the level of acid phosphatase lipid peroxidation were observed. The enzymic and non-enzymic antioxidants were decreased in the prostate cancer induced group and after treatment they were restored to near normal values. Histopathological examination showed significant changes such as hyperplastic prostatic acini and malignant proliferation of ductal epithelial cells in the prostate and seminal vesicle of carcinogen induced rats. After treatment with C. nurvala extract normal and flow-dilated ducts and acini with regular epithelial lining were observed in the prostate and partially hyperplastic and partially flattered epithelium were observed in seminal vesicles. CONCLUSION: The ethanolic extract of C. nurvala has significant anticancer activity evaluated by in an in vivo model.

紫山姜体外抗氧化及抗癌活性研究(英文)

AIM:Ethylacetate extract of Alpinia purpurata was evaluated for its potential in vitro antioxidant and antican-cer activity.METHODS:The antioxidant activity was evaluated by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) free radical scav-enging method,hydroxyl radical activity,superoxide radical scavenging activity,nitric oxide radical scavenging activity,hy-drogen peroxide radical scavenging activity and reducing power activity.The viability of OAW42 cells was evaluated by MTT assay.RESULTS:A.purpurata exhibited potential antioxidant activity with a concentration-dependent manner.The extract showed potential anticancer activity at the 48th hour with IC50 of 130.20 μg·mL·1 and exhibited a dose-dependent decrease in cell count for all the concentrations tested.CONCLUSION:The results suggested that long term consumption of A.purpurata exhibited antioxidant and anticancer activity and could be further exploited for their anticancer properties.

Evaluation of In Vitro Enzymatic and Non-Enzymatic Antioxidant Properites of Leaf Extract from Alpinia Purpurata(Vieill.) K. Schum.

Objective： To evaluate the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants of leaf extract from Alpinia purpurata. Methods： One gram of fresh leaf of Alpinia purpurata was grinded in 2 mL of 50% ethanol and centrifuged at 10,000×g at 4 ℃ for 10 min. The supernatant obtained was used within 4 h for various enzymatic antioxidants assays like superoxide dismutase（SOD）, catalase（CAT）, glutathione peroxidase（GPx）, glutathione S-transferase（GST）, ascorbate oxidase, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase（PPO） and non-enzymatic antioxidants such as vitamin C, total reduced glutathione（TRG） and lipid peroxidation（LPO）. Results： The leaf extract of Alpinia purpurata possess antioxidants like vitamin C 472.92±6.80 μg/mg protein, GST 372.11±5.70 μmol of 1-chloro 2,4 dinitrobenzene（CDNB）-reduced glutathione（GSH） conjugate formed/min/mg protein, GPx 281.69±6.43 μg of glutathione oxidized/min/mg protein, peroxidases 173.12±9.40 μmol/g tissue, TRG 75.27±3.55 μg/mg protein, SOD 58.03±2.11 U/mg protein, CAT 46.70±2.35 μmol of H_2O_2 consumed/min/mg protein in high amount whereas ascorbate oxidase 17.41±2.46 U/g tissue, LPO 2.71±0.14 nmol/L of malondialdehyde formed/min/mg protein and PPO 1.14±0.11 μmol/g tissue in moderate amount. Conclusion： Alpinia purpurata has the potential to scavenge the free radicals and protect against oxidative stress causing diseases. In future, Alpinia purpurata may serve as a good pharmacotherapeutic agent.