Gastric ulcer is a very common gastrointestinal disorder affecting a large number of people worldwide.It arises due to an imbalance between aggressive(acid,pepsin and Helicobacter pylori infection)and protective(mucin...Gastric ulcer is a very common gastrointestinal disorder affecting a large number of people worldwide.It arises due to an imbalance between aggressive(acid,pepsin and Helicobacter pylori infection)and protective(mucin secretion,prostaglandin,epidermal growth factors and bicarbonate)factors in the stomach.In this study,the gastroprotective activity has been investigated of the active constituents from Xylocarpus molluccensis.Antiulcer activity of xyloccensins X?Y was investigated and found to be active in various ulcer models in Sprague–Dawley(SD)rats.To understand the mechanism of action of active constituent of natural products,the effects of the compounds on antisecretory and cytoprotective activities were studied.Air dried fruits were extracted with ethanol and fractionated into four fractions.Xyloccensins X?Y were isolated from the active fraction and was tested against different ulcer models.Xyloccensins X?Y were found to possess anti-ulcerogenic activity.The antiulcer activity might be due to its anti-secretory activity and subsequent strengthening of the defensive mechanism.The present study has helped us in identifying a new lead in the form of xyloccensins that could be exploited in the treatment of gastric ulcer disease.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the antileishmanial activity of a marine spongeHaliclona oculata.Methods:The crude methanol extract was prepared from the freshly collected sponge and its three fractions were also prepared by ma...Objective:To evaluate the antileishmanial activity of a marine spongeHaliclona oculata.Methods:The crude methanol extract was prepared from the freshly collected sponge and its three fractions were also prepared by maceration method.The antileishmanial activity of these extract and fractions was tested againstLeishmania donovani.Results:The antileishmanial activity was tested bothin vitroand in vivo.The crude methanol extract exerted almost complete inhibition of promastigotes(81.0%±6.9%)and 78.8%±5.2%inhibition of intracellular amastigotes at 100μg/mL with IC_(50)values of 29.5μg/mL and 40.6μg/mL,respectively.The treatment of 500 mg/kg(p.o.)of the crude methanol extract for 5 d for Leishmania donovani infected hamsters resulted in 78.35%±10.20%inhibition of intracellular amastigotes.At a lower dose(250 mg/kg),it exhibited poor efficacy.Among the fractions,highestin vitro(>75%)and in vivo(84.3%±10.2%)antileishmanial activity was observed in n-chloroform fraction with IC_(50)values of 54.2μg/mL and 61μg/mL against promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes,respectively.Hexane fraction andn-butanol(both insoluble and soluble)fractions were found inactivein vitroand in vivo.Conclusions:Our findings indicate that this marine sponge has the potential to provide new insight toward development of an effective antileishmanial agent and,hence,more exhaustive studies are needed for exploiting the vast marine resources of the world to combat the scourge of several parasitic diseases.展开更多
文摘Gastric ulcer is a very common gastrointestinal disorder affecting a large number of people worldwide.It arises due to an imbalance between aggressive(acid,pepsin and Helicobacter pylori infection)and protective(mucin secretion,prostaglandin,epidermal growth factors and bicarbonate)factors in the stomach.In this study,the gastroprotective activity has been investigated of the active constituents from Xylocarpus molluccensis.Antiulcer activity of xyloccensins X?Y was investigated and found to be active in various ulcer models in Sprague–Dawley(SD)rats.To understand the mechanism of action of active constituent of natural products,the effects of the compounds on antisecretory and cytoprotective activities were studied.Air dried fruits were extracted with ethanol and fractionated into four fractions.Xyloccensins X?Y were isolated from the active fraction and was tested against different ulcer models.Xyloccensins X?Y were found to possess anti-ulcerogenic activity.The antiulcer activity might be due to its anti-secretory activity and subsequent strengthening of the defensive mechanism.The present study has helped us in identifying a new lead in the form of xyloccensins that could be exploited in the treatment of gastric ulcer disease.
基金Supported by MOES,New Delhi(Grant number SSP003).
文摘Objective:To evaluate the antileishmanial activity of a marine spongeHaliclona oculata.Methods:The crude methanol extract was prepared from the freshly collected sponge and its three fractions were also prepared by maceration method.The antileishmanial activity of these extract and fractions was tested againstLeishmania donovani.Results:The antileishmanial activity was tested bothin vitroand in vivo.The crude methanol extract exerted almost complete inhibition of promastigotes(81.0%±6.9%)and 78.8%±5.2%inhibition of intracellular amastigotes at 100μg/mL with IC_(50)values of 29.5μg/mL and 40.6μg/mL,respectively.The treatment of 500 mg/kg(p.o.)of the crude methanol extract for 5 d for Leishmania donovani infected hamsters resulted in 78.35%±10.20%inhibition of intracellular amastigotes.At a lower dose(250 mg/kg),it exhibited poor efficacy.Among the fractions,highestin vitro(>75%)and in vivo(84.3%±10.2%)antileishmanial activity was observed in n-chloroform fraction with IC_(50)values of 54.2μg/mL and 61μg/mL against promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes,respectively.Hexane fraction andn-butanol(both insoluble and soluble)fractions were found inactivein vitroand in vivo.Conclusions:Our findings indicate that this marine sponge has the potential to provide new insight toward development of an effective antileishmanial agent and,hence,more exhaustive studies are needed for exploiting the vast marine resources of the world to combat the scourge of several parasitic diseases.
