印度南部农村地区闭角型青光眼的患病率

Objective:To estimate the prevalence of primary angle-closure glaucoma,primary angle closure(PAC),and primary angleclosure suspect(PACS)and its associated risk factors in a rural population in southern India.Methods:Three thousand and nine hundred thirty-four(81.95%)of 4800 enumerated subjects aged 40 years or older underwent a complete ophthalmic examination,including compression gonioscopy.Glaucoma was diagnosed using International Society of Geographical and Epidemiological Ophthalmology classification.Results:Data were analyzed for 3924 subjects(81.75%).Primary angleclosure glaucoma was diagnosed in 34 subjects(0.87% ;95% confidence interval CI,0.58 to 1.16)(27 women,7 men).The mean intraocular pressure was 20.71± 9.24 mm Hg.One subject(2.94%)was blind.Twenty-eight subjects(0.71% ;95% CI,0.45 to 0.98)were diagnosed to have PAC(21 women,7 men).Eleven subjects(39.3%)had an intraocular pressure greater than 21 mm Hg,13 subjects(46.43%)had peripheral anterior synechiae,and 4 subjects(14.29%)had both.Two hundred forty-six subjects(6.27% ;95% CI,5.51 to 7.03)had PACS(168 women,78 men).Primary angle closure and primary angle-closure glaucoma were more common in women(age-adjusted odds ratio,3.02;95% CI,1.66 to 5.51)with an increasing prevalence with age.Increasing intraocular pressure was associated with the disease(odds ratio,1.14;95% CI,1.09 to 1.19).There was no association with hypertension and hyperopia.Axial length and anterior chamber depth were longer in the normal group than in the 3 groups with angle closure(P <.05).Women had shorter axial lengths than men(P <.001)in the angle closure groups.Conclusions:The overall prevalence of primary angle closures(PAC and primary angleclosure glaucoma)in a rural population of southern India was 1.58%.There was a female preponderance,and the disease tends to be asymptomatic.

印度Chennai农村地区青光眼致盲原因及患病率的研究

Aim:To study the prevalence and causes of blindness in a rural south Indian population.Methods:3924/4800 enumerated(81.75%)subjects,aged 40 years or more from rural Tamil Nadu,underwent comprehensive ophthalmic examination-visual acuity,refraction,intraocular pressure,gonioscopy,cataract grading(LOGS II),retinal examination,and SITA Standard where indicated.Blindness was defined using WHO criteria as best corrected visual acuity of less than 3/60 and/or visual field of less than 10 degrees in the better eye.The influence of age,sex,literacy,and occupation was assessed using multiple logistic regression.Results:753 subjects(19.2% ;321 males,432 females)presented with a visual acuity of < 3/60;132 subjects(3.36%,95% CI 2.80～ 3.93)were diagnosed to be blind.Cataract was responsible in 74.62% of eyes;glaucoma,cystoid macular oedema,optic atrophy,and corneal scars accounted for 3.79% each.Bilateral causes of blindness were cataract(78.63%),glaucoma(4.29%),optic atrophy(3.42%),cystoid macular oedema,and corneal scars(2.56% each).In 19 eyes(7.2%)the blindness was probably related to cataract surgery.Blindness was positively associated with increasing age(p< 0.0001).Conclusion:3.36% of the studied rural population was bilaterally blind,with cataract being the single most important cause.