Understanding the processes of perovskite crystallization is essential for improving the properties of organic solar cells.In situ real-time grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction(GIXD)is a key technique for this task,bu...Understanding the processes of perovskite crystallization is essential for improving the properties of organic solar cells.In situ real-time grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction(GIXD)is a key technique for this task,but it produces large amounts of data,frequently exceeding the capabilities of traditional data processing methods.We propose an automated pipeline for the analysis of GIXD images,based on the Faster Region-based Convolutional Network architecture for object detection,modified to conform to the specifics of the scattering data.The model exhibits high accuracy in detecting diffraction features on noisy patterns with various experimental artifacts.We demonstrate our method on real-time tracking of organic-inorganic perovskite structure crystallization and test it on two applications:1.the automated phase identification and unit-cell determination of two coexisting phases of Ruddlesden–Popper 2D perovskites,and 2.the fast tracking of MAPbI_(3)perovskite formation.By design,our approach is equally suitable for other crystalline thin-film materials.展开更多
基金This research is part of a project funded by the German Federal Ministry for Science and Education(BMBF)We thank the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft(DFG)for financial supportSupported by the German Research Foundation through the Cluster of Excellence“Machine Learning-New Perspectives for Science”.Frank Schreiber is a member of the Machine Learning Cluster of Excellence,funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft(DFG,German Research Foundation)under Germany’s Excellence Strategy-EXC number 2064/1-Project number 390727645.
文摘Understanding the processes of perovskite crystallization is essential for improving the properties of organic solar cells.In situ real-time grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction(GIXD)is a key technique for this task,but it produces large amounts of data,frequently exceeding the capabilities of traditional data processing methods.We propose an automated pipeline for the analysis of GIXD images,based on the Faster Region-based Convolutional Network architecture for object detection,modified to conform to the specifics of the scattering data.The model exhibits high accuracy in detecting diffraction features on noisy patterns with various experimental artifacts.We demonstrate our method on real-time tracking of organic-inorganic perovskite structure crystallization and test it on two applications:1.the automated phase identification and unit-cell determination of two coexisting phases of Ruddlesden–Popper 2D perovskites,and 2.the fast tracking of MAPbI_(3)perovskite formation.By design,our approach is equally suitable for other crystalline thin-film materials.
