Vaccination for coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is a critical strategy in controlling the current pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2).After widespread COVID-19 vaccine implementat...Vaccination for coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is a critical strategy in controlling the current pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2).After widespread COVID-19 vaccine implementation,isolated case reports about myocarditis as a potential adverse reaction started coming.As of November 12,2021,Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC)has reported 1793 cases of myocarditis or pericarditis among young people with age 12-29 years,most cases have been reported in the male adolescent age group after the second dose of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines.It is very important to monitor the safety standards and adverse reactions of vaccines to effectively implement the vaccination policies.The CDC and the United States Food and Drug Administration actively monitor vaccine-associated adverse reactions a well-known platform such as Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System.CDC continues to recommend COVID-19 vaccines and booster doses for eligible individuals(age limit according to the type of vaccine)after careful consideration from risk-benefit assessment and favorable outcomes from vaccination.Mechanisms behind COVID-19 vaccine-induced myocarditis are not clear yet but several possibilities such as molecular mimicry between the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 and self-antigens,immune response to mRNA,and activation of host immunological system,trigger of the pre-existing dysregulated immunological system have been documented in the literature.Overall,data suggests a good prognosis,especially in young patients.In this review article,we cover currently available data on COVID-19 vaccine-related myocarditis incidence,concerns,possible mechanisms of myocarditis,current treatment,and outcome trends,risk vs benefit assessment of COVID-19 vaccination in this current pandemic.展开更多
文摘Vaccination for coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is a critical strategy in controlling the current pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2(SARS-CoV-2).After widespread COVID-19 vaccine implementation,isolated case reports about myocarditis as a potential adverse reaction started coming.As of November 12,2021,Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC)has reported 1793 cases of myocarditis or pericarditis among young people with age 12-29 years,most cases have been reported in the male adolescent age group after the second dose of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines.It is very important to monitor the safety standards and adverse reactions of vaccines to effectively implement the vaccination policies.The CDC and the United States Food and Drug Administration actively monitor vaccine-associated adverse reactions a well-known platform such as Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System.CDC continues to recommend COVID-19 vaccines and booster doses for eligible individuals(age limit according to the type of vaccine)after careful consideration from risk-benefit assessment and favorable outcomes from vaccination.Mechanisms behind COVID-19 vaccine-induced myocarditis are not clear yet but several possibilities such as molecular mimicry between the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 and self-antigens,immune response to mRNA,and activation of host immunological system,trigger of the pre-existing dysregulated immunological system have been documented in the literature.Overall,data suggests a good prognosis,especially in young patients.In this review article,we cover currently available data on COVID-19 vaccine-related myocarditis incidence,concerns,possible mechanisms of myocarditis,current treatment,and outcome trends,risk vs benefit assessment of COVID-19 vaccination in this current pandemic.
