车用内置式永磁电机损耗最小简易控制

为解决车用内置式永磁电机恒功率宽调速效率优化控制中铁损及饱和电感时变问题,提出一种内置式永磁电机损耗最小简易控制策略。该策略采用内置式永磁电机近似损耗模型,计及铁损时变和电感饱和时变对系统性能的影响,得到损耗最小效率优化控制的条件。仿真及实验结果表明,所提方法控制实现简单有效、效率更高,节能效果更好,在新能源电动汽车上有较好的应用价值。

Characteristics of Thermally-Induced Near-Surface Flows over An Enclosed Crater: Observations of the Meteor Crater Experiment(METCRAX)

Meteorological measurements of the Meteor Crater Experiment(METCRAX) were used to analyze the characteristics of the thermally-induced flows over an enclosed crater(Arizona, USA). Despite its relatively small size, this crater acts as an effective wind shelter. Daytime upslope winds and nocturnal downslope flows are regularly observed on its west/east sidewalls. The times of diurnal wind-direction shift(i.e., around sunrise and sunset) were slightly mismatched between the sites based on the east and west sidewalls, owing to the crater's shadowing effects. Under conditions of relatively weak synoptic forcing, the nocturnal downslope flows prevail throughout the night, despite quite a low wind velocity near the surface. ?

消费者创新抗拒的形成路径与应对策略——以社交新零售商业模式为例

社交新零售是满足消费者购物新需求的一种重要商业模式,但有相当一部分消费者对其存在抗拒心理和行为,从而在一定程度上阻碍了社交新零售商业模式的发展。基于此,本文以社交新零售商业模式为研究情境,分析该情境下消费者创新抗拒的形成路径及应对策略。首先,运用扎根理论方法构建了社交新零售商业模式消费者创新抗拒形成路径的理论模型,分析得出社交新零售商业模式消费者创新抗拒可分为三类,包括拒绝使用、延迟使用以及抗拒破坏。社交新零售商业模式消费者创新抗拒的前因包括表面印象形成以及失败体验两个主范畴,其中,表面印象形成包括污名印象和惯性思维两条路径,失败体验包括模式体验认知和社交情感迁移两条路径。其次,本文对识别出的四条路径分别进行了实证检验,结果表明,四条路径皆具有合理性与普适性。最后,针对这四条路径,本文结合现实案例,提出了企业应对社交新零售商业模式消费者创新抗拒的有效策略。