The combined microarc oxidation (MAO) and inorganic sealing process was used to deposit a composite coating to improve the corrosion resistance of AZ31 magnesium alloy.The surface morphologies of the resulting duplex ...The combined microarc oxidation (MAO) and inorganic sealing process was used to deposit a composite coating to improve the corrosion resistance of AZ31 magnesium alloy.The surface morphologies of the resulting duplex coatings were studied by SEM.Furthermore,the corrosion resistance of the coated Mg alloy substrates was investigated using electrochemical workstation and dropping corrosion test.The results show that the composite coating surface consists of Mg,Si,O and Na.It is difficult to deposit inorganic coating on a thick MAO coating surface.As the composite coating was solidified by CO2 under 175 °C,it exhibits a better corrosion resistance than the MAO monolayer,owing to the thick and compact inorganic coating.展开更多
The brown planthopper （BPH）, Nilaparvata lugens, is a destructive insect pest of rice throughout Asia. Different from brown-eye color wild type, BPH also has red-eye color mutation phenotype. As a visible genetic ma...The brown planthopper （BPH）, Nilaparvata lugens, is a destructive insect pest of rice throughout Asia. Different from brown-eye color wild type, BPH also has red-eye color mutation phenotype. As a visible genetic marker, the red-eye mutant in BPH is a valuable material. To reveal the eye color mutation mechanism, a karmoisin homologue gene （named as Nlka） was cloned from BPH. And karmoisin is always deemd as a xanthommatin-related gene in other insects, encoding phenoxazinone synthetase （PHS）. Nlka is consisted of 7 exons and encodes a protein with 502 amino acids （NIKA）. NIKA showed high amino acid identities with its insect homologues （48.8%-51.8%）. Nlka transcripts can be detected at all the developmental stages and in all tissues tested, including egg, nymph, adult, body wall, ovary, fat body, midgut and Malpighian tubule. However, no constant In/Del or non-synonymous mutation was observed between the mutant and the wild type strains. Quantitative real-time PCR experiment also showed that Nlka transcript level had no significant differences between them. These results indicated that Nlka is not the target gene causing the red-eye color mutation phenotype of BPH. Through the second structure and motif analysis, the present study also showed that all the proteins deduced from the karmoisin genes in insects may be members of monocarboxylate transporters （MCTs） rather than PHSs.展开更多
The Cr-doped hydrogen-GLC films were prepared by a hybrid magnetron sputtering system composed of a direct current magnetron sputtering (DC-MS) source of carbon and a high power impulse magnetron sputtering (HIPIMS) s...The Cr-doped hydrogen-GLC films were prepared by a hybrid magnetron sputtering system composed of a direct current magnetron sputtering (DC-MS) source of carbon and a high power impulse magnetron sputtering (HIPIMS) source of Cr with reactive gas of C2H2.The hydrogen-free GLC and Cr-doped GLC films were also prepared for comparison.The influence of substrate bias on the Cr-doped hydrogen-GLC films was investigated.With the increase of substrate bias from 100 V to 250 V,the re-sputtering of weak bonding sp2 firstly occurred and induced an increased sp3 bonding.However,the following sp3 to sp2 transformation resulted in a decreased sp3 bonding.The change trends of surface roughness and friction coefficient with the increased bias voltages were the same as those of sp3 bond.The lowest surface roughness and lowest friction coefficient corresponded to the highest sp3 with the Cr-GLC-H films at the bias voltage of-100 V.展开更多
Tomato(Solanum lycopersicum)is a model plant for research on fruit development and stress response,in which gene expression analysis is frequently conducted.Quantitative PCR(qPCR)is a widely used technique for gene ex...Tomato(Solanum lycopersicum)is a model plant for research on fruit development and stress response,in which gene expression analysis is frequently conducted.Quantitative PCR(qPCR)is a widely used technique for gene expression analysis,and the selection of reference genes may affect the accuracy of results and even conclusions.Although there have been some frequently used reference genes in tomato,it has been shown that the expressions of some of these genes are not constant in different tissues and environmental conditions.Moreover,little information on genomic identification of reference genes is available in tomato.Here,we mined the publicly available transcriptional sequencing data and screened out fifteen candidate reference genes,and the expression stability of these candidate genes and seven traditionally used ones were evaluated under stress and hormone treatment.The results showed that over half of the selected candidate references were housekeeping genes in tomato cells.Among the candidate reference genes and the traditionally used ones,the most stably expressed genes varied under different treatments,and most of these genes were recommended as preferred reference genes at least once except Solyc04g009030 and Solyc07g066610,two traditionally used reference genes.This study provides some novel reference genes in tomato,and the preferred reference genes under different environmental stimuli,which may be useful for future research.Our study suggests that excavating stably expressed genes from transcriptome sequencing data is a reliable approach to screening reference genes for qPCR analysis.展开更多
Maize seedlings were cultured in nickel or cadmium contaminated sand treated with α-naphthylacetic acid (NAA). The effeets of NAA on nickel and cadmium uptake in roots, shoots, and subcellular fractions (cell wall, n...Maize seedlings were cultured in nickel or cadmium contaminated sand treated with α-naphthylacetic acid (NAA). The effeets of NAA on nickel and cadmium uptake in roots, shoots, and subcellular fractions (cell wall, nuclei and remained parts of seedling cells) were determined. The data showed growth promotion when NAA was applied at low concentrations and inhibition at high concentrations. Uptake of nickel and cadmium content increased concurmntly in roots and shoots. In thesubcellular fraction, nickel and cadmium was greatest in the cell wall. The changes in growth had greatest cormlation Wtih nickel and cadmium content in the subeellular fraction.展开更多
基金Project(51201176)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2006BAE04B05-1)supported by the National Key Technologies of Research and Development Program of China
文摘The combined microarc oxidation (MAO) and inorganic sealing process was used to deposit a composite coating to improve the corrosion resistance of AZ31 magnesium alloy.The surface morphologies of the resulting duplex coatings were studied by SEM.Furthermore,the corrosion resistance of the coated Mg alloy substrates was investigated using electrochemical workstation and dropping corrosion test.The results show that the composite coating surface consists of Mg,Si,O and Na.It is difficult to deposit inorganic coating on a thick MAO coating surface.As the composite coating was solidified by CO2 under 175 °C,it exhibits a better corrosion resistance than the MAO monolayer,owing to the thick and compact inorganic coating.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 31201511 and 31301661)the Special Fund for Basic Expenditure for Scientific & Research of Central Non-Profit Scientific Research Institutions in China (Grant No. 2014RG005-3)
文摘The brown planthopper （BPH）, Nilaparvata lugens, is a destructive insect pest of rice throughout Asia. Different from brown-eye color wild type, BPH also has red-eye color mutation phenotype. As a visible genetic marker, the red-eye mutant in BPH is a valuable material. To reveal the eye color mutation mechanism, a karmoisin homologue gene （named as Nlka） was cloned from BPH. And karmoisin is always deemd as a xanthommatin-related gene in other insects, encoding phenoxazinone synthetase （PHS）. Nlka is consisted of 7 exons and encodes a protein with 502 amino acids （NIKA）. NIKA showed high amino acid identities with its insect homologues （48.8%-51.8%）. Nlka transcripts can be detected at all the developmental stages and in all tissues tested, including egg, nymph, adult, body wall, ovary, fat body, midgut and Malpighian tubule. However, no constant In/Del or non-synonymous mutation was observed between the mutant and the wild type strains. Quantitative real-time PCR experiment also showed that Nlka transcript level had no significant differences between them. These results indicated that Nlka is not the target gene causing the red-eye color mutation phenotype of BPH. Through the second structure and motif analysis, the present study also showed that all the proteins deduced from the karmoisin genes in insects may be members of monocarboxylate transporters （MCTs） rather than PHSs.
基金Project(51005226)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2010A610161)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Ningbo Government,ChinaProject(2010D10015)supported by the International Cooperation Foundation of Ningbo Government,China
文摘The Cr-doped hydrogen-GLC films were prepared by a hybrid magnetron sputtering system composed of a direct current magnetron sputtering (DC-MS) source of carbon and a high power impulse magnetron sputtering (HIPIMS) source of Cr with reactive gas of C2H2.The hydrogen-free GLC and Cr-doped GLC films were also prepared for comparison.The influence of substrate bias on the Cr-doped hydrogen-GLC films was investigated.With the increase of substrate bias from 100 V to 250 V,the re-sputtering of weak bonding sp2 firstly occurred and induced an increased sp3 bonding.However,the following sp3 to sp2 transformation resulted in a decreased sp3 bonding.The change trends of surface roughness and friction coefficient with the increased bias voltages were the same as those of sp3 bond.The lowest surface roughness and lowest friction coefficient corresponded to the highest sp3 with the Cr-GLC-H films at the bias voltage of-100 V.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFD1000800)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32072561)the Natural Science Foundation of Henan,China(222300420282)。
文摘Tomato(Solanum lycopersicum)is a model plant for research on fruit development and stress response,in which gene expression analysis is frequently conducted.Quantitative PCR(qPCR)is a widely used technique for gene expression analysis,and the selection of reference genes may affect the accuracy of results and even conclusions.Although there have been some frequently used reference genes in tomato,it has been shown that the expressions of some of these genes are not constant in different tissues and environmental conditions.Moreover,little information on genomic identification of reference genes is available in tomato.Here,we mined the publicly available transcriptional sequencing data and screened out fifteen candidate reference genes,and the expression stability of these candidate genes and seven traditionally used ones were evaluated under stress and hormone treatment.The results showed that over half of the selected candidate references were housekeeping genes in tomato cells.Among the candidate reference genes and the traditionally used ones,the most stably expressed genes varied under different treatments,and most of these genes were recommended as preferred reference genes at least once except Solyc04g009030 and Solyc07g066610,two traditionally used reference genes.This study provides some novel reference genes in tomato,and the preferred reference genes under different environmental stimuli,which may be useful for future research.Our study suggests that excavating stably expressed genes from transcriptome sequencing data is a reliable approach to screening reference genes for qPCR analysis.
文摘Maize seedlings were cultured in nickel or cadmium contaminated sand treated with α-naphthylacetic acid (NAA). The effeets of NAA on nickel and cadmium uptake in roots, shoots, and subcellular fractions (cell wall, nuclei and remained parts of seedling cells) were determined. The data showed growth promotion when NAA was applied at low concentrations and inhibition at high concentrations. Uptake of nickel and cadmium content increased concurmntly in roots and shoots. In thesubcellular fraction, nickel and cadmium was greatest in the cell wall. The changes in growth had greatest cormlation Wtih nickel and cadmium content in the subeellular fraction.
