不同产地铁皮石斛主要成分及甲醇提取物HPLC指纹图谱研究

本文采用紫外分光光度法、高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定铁皮石斛中总黄酮、多糖、柚皮素、石斛酚的含量,同时运用HPLC法建立霍山铁皮石斛及其他产地铁皮石斛甲醇提取物HPLC指纹图谱并聚类分析。实验结果显示不同产地铁皮石斛的主要化学成分含量存在差异,5批霍山铁皮石斛的总黄酮、柚皮素、石斛酚含量较高,多糖含量较低。建立了霍山铁皮石斛的共有指纹图谱模式,5批霍山铁皮石斛具有极高的相似度,在92.6%~94.8%之间,浙江临安、浙江乐清、江苏盐城、云南昆明所产的铁皮石斛相似度在17.5%~41.5%之间。5批来自安徽霍山的铁皮石斛共有峰总面积较高,为9 827.40~14 102.28。其他产地铁皮石斛的共有峰面积在730.27~4 206.20之间,明显低于霍山铁皮石斛。聚类分析结果可分为两大类,安徽霍山为一类,其他产地为一类。霍山铁皮石斛与其他产地铁皮石斛存在一定差异,且小分子成分含量较高。上述结果为进一步研究霍山铁皮石斛化学成分提供参考,为铁皮石斛品质鉴别、质量控制及资源的综合利用提供实验依据。

灵芝多糖的复合酶法提取工艺优化

以灵芝子实体为原料,采用复合酶法(纤维素酶、半纤维素酶、木瓜蛋白酶)提取灵芝多糖,并分析工艺条件对多糖提取率的影响。在正交试验确定复合酶比例的基础上,采用响应面法对复合酶法提取灵芝多糖的提取条件进行了优化,得到最优工艺条件。研究结果表明,复合酶比例为:纤维素酶3.5%、半纤维素酶4.0%、木瓜蛋白酶3.0%;最佳酶解提取条件为:酶解处理pH值、温度和时间分别为5.70、50℃和81 min,在此条件下灵芝多糖的提取率为3.73%。

海蓬子发芽富集γ-氨基丁酸和黄酮类化合物的条件优化及关键酶活性的研究

以海蓬子种子为试验材料,发芽率为指标,采用单因素考察方法确定因素水平,再以发芽率、γ-氨基丁酸(γ-aminobutyric acid,GABA)和黄酮类化合物含量为指标,采用正交试验法对富集条件进行优化,在最优条件下,探究关键酶活性变化对活性物质富集的影响。结果表明,海蓬子发芽富集的最优条件为:NaCl浓度为7.5 g/L,pH 8,GA3浓度为5 mg/L,温度为24℃;在最优条件下,谷氨酸脱羧酶(glutamate decarboxylase,GAD)和二胺氧化酶(diamine oxidase,DAO)活性先升高后下降,促进了GABA的积累,在第5天GABA含量达到最大值310.26 mg/100 g,是未发芽种子的3.5倍;丙氨酸解氨酶(phenylalanine aminolyase,PAL)、肉桂酸4-羟基化酶(cinnamicacid-4-hydroxylase,C4H)和4-香豆酸辅酶A连接酶(4-coumarate-CoA ligase,4CL)活性先升高后下降,与黄酮类化合物变化趋势一致,在第5天黄酮类化合物含量达到最大值31.76μg/mL,是未发芽种子的2.0倍。

霍山铁皮石斛提取物不同极性部位抗氧化活性研究

目的:研究霍山铁皮石斛提取物不同极性部位的体外抗氧化活性,为霍山铁皮石斛抗氧化产品开发应用提供科学依据。方法:采用清除DPPH自由基、清除·OH自由基以及测定总抗氧化能力3个指标评价霍山铁皮石斛提取物不同极性部位的抗氧化能力。结果:霍山铁皮石斛提取物正丁醇部位在DPPH自由基清除能力、·OH自由基清除能力以及总抗氧化能力上都有比较明显的抗氧化作用。结论:霍山铁皮石斛提取物正丁醇部位抗氧化活性较强。研究为进一步研究霍山铁皮石斛活性成分提供参考,为霍山铁皮石斛抗氧化产品开发应用提供科学依据。

Atractylodes lancea rhizome water extract reduces triptolide-induced toxicity and enhances anti-inflammatory effects

The present study was designed to explore the influence of water extracts of Atractylodes lancea rhizomes on the toxicity and anti-inflammatory effects of triptolide(TP). A water extract was prepared from A. lancea rhizomes and co-administered with TP in C57BL/6 mice. The toxicity was assayed by determining serum biochemical parameters and visceral indexes and by liver histopathological analysis. The hepatic CYP3A expression levels were detected using Western blotting and RT-PCR methods. The data showed that the water extract of A. lancea rhizomes reduced triptolide-induced toxicity, probably by inducing the hepatic expression of CYP3A. The anti-inflammatory effects of TP were evaluated in mice using a xylene-induced ear edema test. By comparing ear edema inhibition rates, we found that the water extract could also increase the anti-inflammatory effects of TP. In conclusion, our results suggested that the water extract of A. lancea rhizomes, used in combination with TP, has a potential in reducing TP-induced toxicity and enhancing its anti-inflammatory effects.