Research on ad-hoc network connectivity has mainly focused on asymptotic results in the number of nodes in the network. For a one-dimensional ad-hoc network G1, assuming all the nodes are independently uniform distrib...Research on ad-hoc network connectivity has mainly focused on asymptotic results in the number of nodes in the network. For a one-dimensional ad-hoc network G1, assuming all the nodes are independently uniform distributed in a closed interval [0, Z]（z ∈ R^＋）, we derive a generic formula for the probability that the network is connected. The finite connected ad-hoc networks is analyzed. And we separately suggest necessary conditions to make the ad-hoc network to be connected in one and two dimensional cases, facing possible failed nodes （f-nodes）. Based on the necessary condition and unit-disk assumption for the node transmission, we prove that the nodes of the connected two-dimensional ad-hoc networks （G2） can be divided into at most five different groups. For an f-node no in either of the five groups, we derive a close formula for the probability that there is at least one route between a pair of nodes in G2 -- {no}.展开更多
The effects of heat stress on the neurons in hippocampal CA1 region of brain ischemia/reperfusion were explored.The mice were pretreated with heat stress fol-lowed by ischemia/reperfusion by clipping bilateral cervica...The effects of heat stress on the neurons in hippocampal CA1 region of brain ischemia/reperfusion were explored.The mice were pretreated with heat stress fol-lowed by ischemia/reperfusion by clipping bilateral cervical common arteries for 7 min.Mice were divided randomly into four groups as follows:(1)normal control group;(2)heat stress pretreated subsequent to ischemia/reperfusion group(HS/IR);(3)ischemia/reperfusion group(IR);and(4)heat stress group(HS).Animals in the last three groups were subdivided into three subgroups:1 d,4 d,14 d respectively.The Morris water maze was used to test the ability of learning and memorizing,Nissl staining was used to count the average number of survived neurons in hippocampal CA1 region,and immunohistochemistry combined with image analysis system to detect the changes of Microtubule associated protein 2(MAP-2)expression.The results showed that mice in IR group exhibited increased escape latency when compared with that of normal,HS and HS/IR groups(P<0.01),and the mice in IR group adopted an inefficient search strategy,major in circling and restricted searching manners.Nissl staining results showed a significant reduction in the number of pyra-midal neurons in hippocampal CA1 regions in HS/IR and IR groups,with a decrease in IR group(P<0.01).Compared with normal group,the expression of MAP-2 in hippocampal CA1 region obviously decreased in IR group(P<0.05).The present results indicate that heat stress pretreatment can improve the spatial learning and memorizing function through protection to hippocampal neurons.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 60572066)Key Scientific Research Project of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission (Grant No. 06ZZ84)CityU, Hong Kong, Applied R & D Funding (ARD) (Grant No. 9668009)
文摘Research on ad-hoc network connectivity has mainly focused on asymptotic results in the number of nodes in the network. For a one-dimensional ad-hoc network G1, assuming all the nodes are independently uniform distributed in a closed interval [0, Z]（z ∈ R^＋）, we derive a generic formula for the probability that the network is connected. The finite connected ad-hoc networks is analyzed. And we separately suggest necessary conditions to make the ad-hoc network to be connected in one and two dimensional cases, facing possible failed nodes （f-nodes）. Based on the necessary condition and unit-disk assumption for the node transmission, we prove that the nodes of the connected two-dimensional ad-hoc networks （G2） can be divided into at most five different groups. For an f-node no in either of the five groups, we derive a close formula for the probability that there is at least one route between a pair of nodes in G2 -- {no}.
文摘The effects of heat stress on the neurons in hippocampal CA1 region of brain ischemia/reperfusion were explored.The mice were pretreated with heat stress fol-lowed by ischemia/reperfusion by clipping bilateral cervical common arteries for 7 min.Mice were divided randomly into four groups as follows:(1)normal control group;(2)heat stress pretreated subsequent to ischemia/reperfusion group(HS/IR);(3)ischemia/reperfusion group(IR);and(4)heat stress group(HS).Animals in the last three groups were subdivided into three subgroups:1 d,4 d,14 d respectively.The Morris water maze was used to test the ability of learning and memorizing,Nissl staining was used to count the average number of survived neurons in hippocampal CA1 region,and immunohistochemistry combined with image analysis system to detect the changes of Microtubule associated protein 2(MAP-2)expression.The results showed that mice in IR group exhibited increased escape latency when compared with that of normal,HS and HS/IR groups(P<0.01),and the mice in IR group adopted an inefficient search strategy,major in circling and restricted searching manners.Nissl staining results showed a significant reduction in the number of pyra-midal neurons in hippocampal CA1 regions in HS/IR and IR groups,with a decrease in IR group(P<0.01).Compared with normal group,the expression of MAP-2 in hippocampal CA1 region obviously decreased in IR group(P<0.05).The present results indicate that heat stress pretreatment can improve the spatial learning and memorizing function through protection to hippocampal neurons.
