近年来京津冀水资源短缺对生态环境有着重要的影响,为量化区分气候变化和人类活动对水资源的影响,针对京津冀水源涵养区北部山区典型小流域瀑河上游开展径流深变化归因分析。利用瀑河上游1981—2020年降水、蒸发和径流等资料,采用曼-肯...近年来京津冀水资源短缺对生态环境有着重要的影响,为量化区分气候变化和人类活动对水资源的影响,针对京津冀水源涵养区北部山区典型小流域瀑河上游开展径流深变化归因分析。利用瀑河上游1981—2020年降水、蒸发和径流等资料,采用曼-肯德尔法(Mann-Kendall method,M-K法)检验确定1981—2006年为基准期、2007—2020年为变化期。分析发现,与基准期相比,变化期年均径流深减少了46.47 mm,约占基准期径流深总量的77.10%。利用重标度极差分析法(Rescaled Range Analysis,R/S法),推断瀑河上游未来年均径流深与1981—2020年间年均径流深的变化趋势相反,即呈现相对平稳的增加趋势。基于Budyko假设原理,定量地评价了气候变化(降水量和潜在蒸散发)和人类活动对该区年径流深的影响程度,气候变化对径流影响贡献率为40.30%,人类活动影响的贡献率为59.71%。人类活动对径流的影响主要通过土地利用类型的改变,研究区共有30.28%的土地发生了相互转化,其中乔木林地2020年较1985年增加了67.61%,极大程度增加了研究区的水源涵养能力,同时植被覆盖度的增加也一定程度上降低了潜在蒸散发。研究可增进对京津冀北部山丘区水文水资源的认识,为京津冀水源涵养功能驱动因素筛选提供一定的参考。展开更多
The construction of a comprehensive observation platform for natural-resource elements would provide data support for studies of dynamic changes in various natural resources,and could serve the needs of natural-resour...The construction of a comprehensive observation platform for natural-resource elements would provide data support for studies of dynamic changes in various natural resources,and could serve the needs of natural-resource management and the construction of ecological civilization during a period of global change.As the second-largest inland river basin in NW China,the Heihe River Basin(HRB)lies in the central part of the Silk Road Economic Belt,consequently,pilot studies of resource management in the basin are urgently needed.This paper describes the construction of a comprehensive natural-resource elements observation network in the HRB to meet requirements for natural-resource management,based on natural-resource and Earth-system science.Based on current observations and research,thirteen observation stations were established in different river basins through integration with existing stations,reconstruction and upgrading,and new construction.The main types of land-surface resources in the HRB(grassland,forests,rivers,lakes,deserts,wetlands,and farmland)were included in the observation network constructed for the monitoring of natural-resource elements.Long-term,continuous,and stable observation can yield key data concerning coupling processes,trends of change,and rates of change in natural resources.This is of great significance in improving cognitive ability,scientific management,and strategic decision-making regarding natural resources in the HRB,and can provide a reference paradigm for the observation of and research into natural resources in other basins.展开更多
文摘近年来京津冀水资源短缺对生态环境有着重要的影响,为量化区分气候变化和人类活动对水资源的影响,针对京津冀水源涵养区北部山区典型小流域瀑河上游开展径流深变化归因分析。利用瀑河上游1981—2020年降水、蒸发和径流等资料,采用曼-肯德尔法(Mann-Kendall method,M-K法)检验确定1981—2006年为基准期、2007—2020年为变化期。分析发现,与基准期相比,变化期年均径流深减少了46.47 mm,约占基准期径流深总量的77.10%。利用重标度极差分析法(Rescaled Range Analysis,R/S法),推断瀑河上游未来年均径流深与1981—2020年间年均径流深的变化趋势相反,即呈现相对平稳的增加趋势。基于Budyko假设原理,定量地评价了气候变化(降水量和潜在蒸散发)和人类活动对该区年径流深的影响程度,气候变化对径流影响贡献率为40.30%,人类活动影响的贡献率为59.71%。人类活动对径流的影响主要通过土地利用类型的改变,研究区共有30.28%的土地发生了相互转化,其中乔木林地2020年较1985年增加了67.61%,极大程度增加了研究区的水源涵养能力,同时植被覆盖度的增加也一定程度上降低了潜在蒸散发。研究可增进对京津冀北部山丘区水文水资源的认识,为京津冀水源涵养功能驱动因素筛选提供一定的参考。
基金The National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFA0606500)The Special Project for Comprehensive Monitoring of The Natural Resources(Xining Center)(DD20211627)+1 种基金The Comprehensive Observation of Natural-resource Elements in Heihe River Basin(DD20208065)The Investigation of Groundwater Flow Field in Key Areas(Xi’an Center)(DD20211563)。
文摘The construction of a comprehensive observation platform for natural-resource elements would provide data support for studies of dynamic changes in various natural resources,and could serve the needs of natural-resource management and the construction of ecological civilization during a period of global change.As the second-largest inland river basin in NW China,the Heihe River Basin(HRB)lies in the central part of the Silk Road Economic Belt,consequently,pilot studies of resource management in the basin are urgently needed.This paper describes the construction of a comprehensive natural-resource elements observation network in the HRB to meet requirements for natural-resource management,based on natural-resource and Earth-system science.Based on current observations and research,thirteen observation stations were established in different river basins through integration with existing stations,reconstruction and upgrading,and new construction.The main types of land-surface resources in the HRB(grassland,forests,rivers,lakes,deserts,wetlands,and farmland)were included in the observation network constructed for the monitoring of natural-resource elements.Long-term,continuous,and stable observation can yield key data concerning coupling processes,trends of change,and rates of change in natural resources.This is of great significance in improving cognitive ability,scientific management,and strategic decision-making regarding natural resources in the HRB,and can provide a reference paradigm for the observation of and research into natural resources in other basins.
