直流电阻率法在黄河下游地区地下咸水分布研究中的应用

为研究黄河下游惠民地区地下咸水分布特征,在该区域开展了直流电阻率法测量工作。通过电阻率测井确定区内咸水层视电阻率数值分布范围和咸—淡水界面变化特征,以此约束电阻率测深数据的分析,提高对咸水层分布解释的准确率。结果表明:研究区地下咸水层顶界面埋深主要位于20~50 m区间,局部发育至浅地表;咸水层底界面推断埋深主要分布在160~300 m区间,近似NW走向逐渐变浅。经后期水样调查和钻探验证,推测的地下咸水分布特征与实际情况基本一致,表明直流电阻率法在地下咸水分布特征研究中具有较好的应用效果。

黄河三角洲水盐演化及补给来源——基于水化学与同位素分析

对河口地区地表水和浅层地下水采样调查,结合离子全组分和稳定同位素证据,分析了研究区水化学特征与各水体补给来源,探讨了长期引黄灌溉对区域水循环、地表水-地下水交换的影响。结果显示:(1)河口区地表水与浅层地下水都具有较高的矿化度,浅层地下水与地表水平均矿化度分别为27.96、23.17 g·L -1 ,地表水和浅层地下水中阳离子Mg 2+、Na +、K +,阴离子Cl -、SO4^2-是与总溶解固体(TDS)显著相关的主要离子成分;(2)浅层地下水水化学类型为Cl-Na·K,是典型的海水混合或者卤水;地表水由于工、农业和城市污染,水化学类型向Cl·SO 4 -Na·K·Ca变化,水化学类型变化复杂;(3)地表水水体的盐分补给来源于海水混合以及城市及农业污染,而浅层地下水的输入则来自海水入侵以及降水、地表水的下渗补给;(4)生态调水后地表水对浅层地下水的补给高值区主要分布在农田和近海湿地,补给比例48%~81%,而海岸滩涂带地下水的补给比例最低,这可能与海岸含水层渗透系数相对农田和湿地较小有关。

黄河三角洲多年海岸线动态变迁特征及演化规律

以黄河三角洲1976—2014年的MSS、TM、ETM+影像为数据源,采用一般高潮线法提取不同时期的海岸线,结合RS遥感与GIS技术,对黄河三角洲的岸线变化进行监测.结果表明,1976年以来黄河三角洲的岸线形态及长度均发生了较大变化,其中北部的刁口河流路区岸线向内陆蚀退明显,以海洋侵蚀作用为主,属于蚀退型海岸;清水沟流路区的岸线整体向海域推进,海岸处于进淤状态,属于强淤进型海岸.黄河三角洲岸线变化频繁而快速,黄河的入海流路、水沙量、降水量等是影响黄河三角洲岸线变化的重要因素;行水期黄河三角洲岸线一般以淤进造陆为主,停止行河岸段,海岸侵蚀后退速率趋于缓慢,逐渐地变得相对稳定,在长时间不行水的海岸段,岸线基本保持稳定,随着黄河三角洲海岸带人类工程经济活动的加剧,该区域的海岸线演变受人类的影响越来越大.

Evaluation of coordinated development of regional resources and economy around Shandong Peninsula urban agglomerations

Promoting coordinated development of resources and environment is an important aspect of building a harmonious society and ecologically sustainable civilization. Here we provide scientific basis to promote the development of ecologically sensitive civilization, via a mathematical statistics method that calculates the degree of coordinated development. This model is of great practical and social significance, providing strength to research around coordinated development of resources and economy. Based on evaluation of characteristics of the present resource environment and economic development of Shandong Peninsula city group, a coordinated measure of resource environment and economic development was calculated. Overall, the highest coordination measurement was found for Weihai, followed by Yantai, Qingdao, Ji'nan, Weifang, Rizhao, Zibo and Dongying. According to evaluation results of coordination measures for each city, we put forward suggestions for sustainable development of Shandong Peninsula region.

The comprehensive evaluation on resource environmental bearing capacity of central cities in the Yellow River Delta-A case study on Dongying City

Dongying City, which is the most important central city in the Yellow River Delta, is located in the estuary of the Yellow River. With a short land formation time, ecological environment is very weak in this area. To realize the sustainable economic development of the Yellow River Delta, resource environment and resource environmental bearing capacity(REBC) must be improved. This study builds assessment system of regional REBC through resource and economic characteristics in Yellow River Delta and uses principal component analysis(PCA) method to evaluate REBC of five counties and districts in Dongying City in 2011-2015 on the dimensions of time and space. Results show that, on the time dimension, Guangrao County is ranked first, Dongying district second for four years and Hekou and Kenli districts with lower ranks in 2012-2015, indicating that more attention needs to be paid to REBC of Hekou and Dongying districts and these two districts should be included into key monitoring areas. From space scale, REBC in five counties and districts has been gradually improving. In order to further develop REBC in Dongying City, measures such as intensifying protection of urban ecological environment and developing circular economy, etc. should be implemented.

Evaluation of the water resources carrying capacity of Shandong peninsula, China

Research on the carrying capacity and security of water resources is vital for its contribution to implementing sustainable development goals. The limitation of water resources is one of the most important factors that influence the sustainable utilization of resources. Studying the carrying capacity of water resources will not only facilitate monitoring and forecast of national resources and environmental carrying capacity, but also be valuable for building ecological civilization. According to the principles of evaluation system, the carrying capacity of water resources on Shandong peninsula is explored. A comprehensive evaluation model of the carrying capacity of water resources is constructed based on the carrying capacity of water resources index and the composite of water resources index. The results show that the capacity of water resources on Shandong peninsula is generally consistent with overexploitation, and that the development and utilization of water resources has reached a considerable scale under existing economic and technological conditions. The carrying capacity of water resources in this region is relatively small, and the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources is alarming. Relative countermeasures are put forward, to improve the water resources carrying capacity and to provide a basis for future sustainable development and utilization of water resources in this region.