植被净初级生产力(NPP)是评价植被生长的重要参数,也是评估陆地生态系统质量与功能的重要指标。基于MODIS NPP、数字高程模型(DEM)、气象水文及人类活动数据,采用空间分析、趋势分析,分别从像元尺度和县域尺度识别了2000—2020年以来祁...植被净初级生产力(NPP)是评价植被生长的重要参数,也是评估陆地生态系统质量与功能的重要指标。基于MODIS NPP、数字高程模型(DEM)、气象水文及人类活动数据,采用空间分析、趋势分析,分别从像元尺度和县域尺度识别了2000—2020年以来祁连山NPP时空变化特征,采用偏相关分析研究了NPP对年均温和年降水的响应,并借助地理探测器模型揭示了NPP变化的驱动因素,最后采用Hurst指数预测了NPP未来变化趋势。结果表明:2000—2020年祁连山平均NPP呈波动增加趋势,年均增加2.38 g C/m^(2),其中栽培植被和阔叶林增长最为明显。近20年,像元尺度上有75.37%的区域NPP增加,主要位于东南部;县域尺度上,古浪、平安、化隆和永登县NPP增速较快,而祁连、海西、德令哈和门源县增速较慢。祁连山NPP空间分布具有明显的集聚性,高值集聚区主要位于东南部,而低值集聚区主要位于西北部。年均温和降水量的增加均促进了NPP的增加,但不同区域NPP对气温和降水的响应有明显差异。降水量、饱和水气压差和蒸散发是NPP变化的主要驱动因子,驱动因子之间对植被NPP变化存在交互作用,分为双因子增强和非线性增强效应。未来祁连山NPP变化以增加非持续性为主,说明植被变化面临较大不确定性。研究结果有助于揭示全球气候变化背景下区域植被NPP对气候变化及人类活动的非线性响应机制,亦可为祁连山生态保护与可持续发展提供理论依据。展开更多
The mercury species in the ocean(MeHg,Hg^(2+))will be enriched in marine organisms and threaten human health through the food chain.While the excessive H_(2)O_(2)in the metabolic process will produce hydroxyl radicals...The mercury species in the ocean(MeHg,Hg^(2+))will be enriched in marine organisms and threaten human health through the food chain.While the excessive H_(2)O_(2)in the metabolic process will produce hydroxyl radicals and accelerate the aging of human cells,causing a series of diseases.Hence,the cost-effective and rapid detection of mercury and H_(2)O_(2)is of urgent requirement and significance.Here,we synthesized emerging graphitic carbon nitride quantum dots(g-CNQDs)with high fluorescence quantum yield(FLQY)of 42.69%via a bottom-up strategy by a facile one-step hydrothermal method.The g-CNQDs can detect the H_(2)O_(2)and Hg^(2+)through the fluorescence quenching effect between g-CNQDs and detected substances.With the presence of KI,g-CNQDs show concentration-dependent fluorescence toward H_(2)O_(2),with a wide detection range of 1–1000μmolL^(-1)and a low detection limit of 0.23μmolL^(-1).The g-CNQDs also show sensitivity toward Hg^(2+)with a detection range of 0–0.1μmolL^(-1)and a detection limit of 0.038μmolL^(-1).This dual-function detection of g-CNQDs has better practical application capability compared to other quantum dot detection.This study may provide a new strategy for g-CNQDs preparation and construct a fluorescence probe that can be used in various systems involving H_(2)O_(2)and Hg^(2+),providing better support for future bifunctional or multifunction studies.展开更多
The implementation of the water sediment regulation scheme(WSRS)is a typical example of artificially controlling land-source input.During WSRS,the water discharge of the Yellow River will increase significantly,and so...The implementation of the water sediment regulation scheme(WSRS)is a typical example of artificially controlling land-source input.During WSRS,the water discharge of the Yellow River will increase significantly,and so will the input of terri-genous materials.In this study,we used a natural geochemical tracer 222Rn to quantify terrestrial inputs under the influence of the 2014 WSRS in the Yellow River Estuary.The results indicated that during WSRS the concentration of 222Rn in the estuary increased by about four times than in the period before WSRS.The high-level 222Rn plume disappeared quickly after WSRS,indicating that 222Rn has a very short‘memory effect’in the estuary.Based on the investigation conducted from 2015 to 2016,the concentration of 222Rn tended to be stable in the lower reaches of the Yellow River.During WSRS,the concentrations of 222Rn in the river water in-creased sharply at about 3–5 times greater than in the non-WSRS period.Based on the 222Rn mass balance model,the fluxes of 222Rn caused by submarine groundwater discharge(SGD)were estimated to be(3.5±1.7)×10^(3),(11±3.9)×10^(3),and(5.2±1.9)×10^(3)dpm m^(-2)d^(-1)in the periods before,during,and after WSRS,respectively.This finding indicated that SGD was the major source of 222Rn in the Yellow River Estuary,which can be significantly increased during WSRS.Furthermore,the SGD-associated nutrient fluxes were estimated to be 9.8×10^(3),2.5×102,and 1.1×10^(4)μmolm^(-2)d^(-1)for dissolved inorganic nitrogen,phosphorus,and silicon,respectively,during WSRS or about 2–40 times greater than during the non-WSRS period.展开更多
文摘植被净初级生产力(NPP)是评价植被生长的重要参数,也是评估陆地生态系统质量与功能的重要指标。基于MODIS NPP、数字高程模型(DEM)、气象水文及人类活动数据,采用空间分析、趋势分析,分别从像元尺度和县域尺度识别了2000—2020年以来祁连山NPP时空变化特征,采用偏相关分析研究了NPP对年均温和年降水的响应,并借助地理探测器模型揭示了NPP变化的驱动因素,最后采用Hurst指数预测了NPP未来变化趋势。结果表明:2000—2020年祁连山平均NPP呈波动增加趋势,年均增加2.38 g C/m^(2),其中栽培植被和阔叶林增长最为明显。近20年,像元尺度上有75.37%的区域NPP增加,主要位于东南部;县域尺度上,古浪、平安、化隆和永登县NPP增速较快,而祁连、海西、德令哈和门源县增速较慢。祁连山NPP空间分布具有明显的集聚性,高值集聚区主要位于东南部,而低值集聚区主要位于西北部。年均温和降水量的增加均促进了NPP的增加,但不同区域NPP对气温和降水的响应有明显差异。降水量、饱和水气压差和蒸散发是NPP变化的主要驱动因子,驱动因子之间对植被NPP变化存在交互作用,分为双因子增强和非线性增强效应。未来祁连山NPP变化以增加非持续性为主,说明植被变化面临较大不确定性。研究结果有助于揭示全球气候变化背景下区域植被NPP对气候变化及人类活动的非线性响应机制,亦可为祁连山生态保护与可持续发展提供理论依据。
基金support from the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2021 MB075)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51602297)the Opening Fund of State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering(No.2021-K53).
文摘The mercury species in the ocean(MeHg,Hg^(2+))will be enriched in marine organisms and threaten human health through the food chain.While the excessive H_(2)O_(2)in the metabolic process will produce hydroxyl radicals and accelerate the aging of human cells,causing a series of diseases.Hence,the cost-effective and rapid detection of mercury and H_(2)O_(2)is of urgent requirement and significance.Here,we synthesized emerging graphitic carbon nitride quantum dots(g-CNQDs)with high fluorescence quantum yield(FLQY)of 42.69%via a bottom-up strategy by a facile one-step hydrothermal method.The g-CNQDs can detect the H_(2)O_(2)and Hg^(2+)through the fluorescence quenching effect between g-CNQDs and detected substances.With the presence of KI,g-CNQDs show concentration-dependent fluorescence toward H_(2)O_(2),with a wide detection range of 1–1000μmolL^(-1)and a low detection limit of 0.23μmolL^(-1).The g-CNQDs also show sensitivity toward Hg^(2+)with a detection range of 0–0.1μmolL^(-1)and a detection limit of 0.038μmolL^(-1).This dual-function detection of g-CNQDs has better practical application capability compared to other quantum dot detection.This study may provide a new strategy for g-CNQDs preparation and construct a fluorescence probe that can be used in various systems involving H_(2)O_(2)and Hg^(2+),providing better support for future bifunctional or multifunction studies.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42130410,41876075,and 41576075).
文摘The implementation of the water sediment regulation scheme(WSRS)is a typical example of artificially controlling land-source input.During WSRS,the water discharge of the Yellow River will increase significantly,and so will the input of terri-genous materials.In this study,we used a natural geochemical tracer 222Rn to quantify terrestrial inputs under the influence of the 2014 WSRS in the Yellow River Estuary.The results indicated that during WSRS the concentration of 222Rn in the estuary increased by about four times than in the period before WSRS.The high-level 222Rn plume disappeared quickly after WSRS,indicating that 222Rn has a very short‘memory effect’in the estuary.Based on the investigation conducted from 2015 to 2016,the concentration of 222Rn tended to be stable in the lower reaches of the Yellow River.During WSRS,the concentrations of 222Rn in the river water in-creased sharply at about 3–5 times greater than in the non-WSRS period.Based on the 222Rn mass balance model,the fluxes of 222Rn caused by submarine groundwater discharge(SGD)were estimated to be(3.5±1.7)×10^(3),(11±3.9)×10^(3),and(5.2±1.9)×10^(3)dpm m^(-2)d^(-1)in the periods before,during,and after WSRS,respectively.This finding indicated that SGD was the major source of 222Rn in the Yellow River Estuary,which can be significantly increased during WSRS.Furthermore,the SGD-associated nutrient fluxes were estimated to be 9.8×10^(3),2.5×102,and 1.1×10^(4)μmolm^(-2)d^(-1)for dissolved inorganic nitrogen,phosphorus,and silicon,respectively,during WSRS or about 2–40 times greater than during the non-WSRS period.
