研究建立了基于时间序列分解的神经网络模型,能对降雨时间序列挖掘并预测。(1)以桓台县1979-2018年的480组月降雨数据为例,将降雨时间序列分解为趋势项、周期项、突变项与随机项。(2)采用累积距平法、Mann-Kendall趋势分析法、Hurst指...研究建立了基于时间序列分解的神经网络模型,能对降雨时间序列挖掘并预测。(1)以桓台县1979-2018年的480组月降雨数据为例,将降雨时间序列分解为趋势项、周期项、突变项与随机项。(2)采用累积距平法、Mann-Kendall趋势分析法、Hurst指数法、特征点法方法进行趋势性分析;小波分析法进行周期性分析;Mann-Kendall突变检验法和Pettitt法进行突变性分析;采用自相关法和单位根法对随机项进行检验。(3)以1979-2014年的432组月降雨时间序列随机项为率定数据,2015-2016年数据为验证数据,分别建立NAR(Nonlinear Auto Regression)与NARX(Nonlinear Auto Regression with External Input)神经网络随机项预测模型,对2017-2018年月降雨数据进行预测,并与直接预测结果对比。结果表明:(1)桓台县1979-2018年月降雨量数据有微弱的上升趋势,预测未来将呈微弱下降趋势,其第一主周期是19(月),数据不存在明显的突变情况。(2)NAR神经网络所得2017-2018年的月降雨量预测值与实测值误差为16.79%。展开更多
[Objective] The aim was to study the prediction of summer rainstorm induced by southwest vortex.[Method] Based on 2.5°×2.5° re-analysis data in four time points a day from June to August during 1971-200...[Objective] The aim was to study the prediction of summer rainstorm induced by southwest vortex.[Method] Based on 2.5°×2.5° re-analysis data in four time points a day from June to August during 1971-2008 at 700 hPa in northern hemisphere provided by NECP,rainstorm and southwest vortex from June to August in Guizhou Province were studied systematically,and the forecast data of rainstorm induced by southest vortex was obtained.[Result] Southwest vortex was one of major systems influencing rainstorm in flood season(from June to August),especially in June and July;the occurrence of this kind of rainstorm was closely related to the moving path of southwest vortex,activity of cold air,environmental flow field at 500 hPa,shear line at 850 hPa,southwest jet,position of subtropical high ridge,water vapour conditions,vorticity field,etc.On the basis of factual data,objective forecast system was established and verified by means of similar method and physical diagnosis.The results showed that it was rational to choose upper trough,southwest vortex,conditions of vertical movement,southwest jet,water vapour conditions,etc.as forecast factors;when the center of southwest vortex was located in major key area(100°-105° E,25°-35° N),and secondary key area(105°-108° E,25°-35° N),regional rainstorm occurred most easily,especially in major key area with high frequency of rainstorm.[Conclusion] The study could provide references for the improvement of prediction level of rainstorm induced by southwest vortex,disaster prevention and reduction.展开更多
文摘研究建立了基于时间序列分解的神经网络模型,能对降雨时间序列挖掘并预测。(1)以桓台县1979-2018年的480组月降雨数据为例,将降雨时间序列分解为趋势项、周期项、突变项与随机项。(2)采用累积距平法、Mann-Kendall趋势分析法、Hurst指数法、特征点法方法进行趋势性分析;小波分析法进行周期性分析;Mann-Kendall突变检验法和Pettitt法进行突变性分析;采用自相关法和单位根法对随机项进行检验。(3)以1979-2014年的432组月降雨时间序列随机项为率定数据,2015-2016年数据为验证数据,分别建立NAR(Nonlinear Auto Regression)与NARX(Nonlinear Auto Regression with External Input)神经网络随机项预测模型,对2017-2018年月降雨数据进行预测,并与直接预测结果对比。结果表明:(1)桓台县1979-2018年月降雨量数据有微弱的上升趋势,预测未来将呈微弱下降趋势,其第一主周期是19(月),数据不存在明显的突变情况。(2)NAR神经网络所得2017-2018年的月降雨量预测值与实测值误差为16.79%。
文摘[Objective] The aim was to study the prediction of summer rainstorm induced by southwest vortex.[Method] Based on 2.5°×2.5° re-analysis data in four time points a day from June to August during 1971-2008 at 700 hPa in northern hemisphere provided by NECP,rainstorm and southwest vortex from June to August in Guizhou Province were studied systematically,and the forecast data of rainstorm induced by southest vortex was obtained.[Result] Southwest vortex was one of major systems influencing rainstorm in flood season(from June to August),especially in June and July;the occurrence of this kind of rainstorm was closely related to the moving path of southwest vortex,activity of cold air,environmental flow field at 500 hPa,shear line at 850 hPa,southwest jet,position of subtropical high ridge,water vapour conditions,vorticity field,etc.On the basis of factual data,objective forecast system was established and verified by means of similar method and physical diagnosis.The results showed that it was rational to choose upper trough,southwest vortex,conditions of vertical movement,southwest jet,water vapour conditions,etc.as forecast factors;when the center of southwest vortex was located in major key area(100°-105° E,25°-35° N),and secondary key area(105°-108° E,25°-35° N),regional rainstorm occurred most easily,especially in major key area with high frequency of rainstorm.[Conclusion] The study could provide references for the improvement of prediction level of rainstorm induced by southwest vortex,disaster prevention and reduction.
