为了加快实现双碳目标,提高能源利用效率、减少碳排放量,通过选取关键供能设备冷热电三联供系统(combined cooling heating and power system,CCHP)构建了综合能源系统模型,并利用改进的二代非支配排序遗传算法(non-dominated sorting g...为了加快实现双碳目标,提高能源利用效率、减少碳排放量,通过选取关键供能设备冷热电三联供系统(combined cooling heating and power system,CCHP)构建了综合能源系统模型,并利用改进的二代非支配排序遗传算法(non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-Ⅱ,NSGA-Ⅱ)研究了引入该设备后园区整体运行方式和运作效率的改变。结果表明:CCHP设备可通过其强耦合特性实现供能侧设备的多能互补和能量梯级利用;可见通过引入CCHP过后,可大大提高综合能源系统的运行效率,在减少运行成本的同时相对控制碳排放量的释放,提高系统总体效益。展开更多
为了解国内外种植甘薯土壤的研究进展,借助VOSviewer、CiteSpace可视化分析软件对CNKI数据库和Web of Science中核心合集数据库中,1992-2021年国内外发表的种植甘薯土壤研究论文的发文量、被引频次、机构、关键词和研究热点等信息进行...为了解国内外种植甘薯土壤的研究进展,借助VOSviewer、CiteSpace可视化分析软件对CNKI数据库和Web of Science中核心合集数据库中,1992-2021年国内外发表的种植甘薯土壤研究论文的发文量、被引频次、机构、关键词和研究热点等信息进行系统分析。结果表明,国内外在种植甘薯土壤研究领域的发文量均呈现出波动上升趋势,美国发文总量最多,其次是中国。美国农业部的发文量、被引总频次均位居第一,且同国内外各机构合作密切。涉农高校是国内研究种植甘薯土壤的中坚力量,但各机构间的合作较少。关键词聚类分析和突变检测发现,国内侧重于栽培技术的研究,国际上更倾向于甘薯土壤环境安全的研究。本文为了解种植甘薯土壤研究的现状和进展提供一定的参考价值。展开更多
Omega-3(linolenic acid(ALA),docosapentaenoic acid,eicosapentaenoic acid)and omega-6(linoleic acid(LA),arachidonic acid)polyunsaturated fatty acids are essential for health and normal physiological functioning in human...Omega-3(linolenic acid(ALA),docosapentaenoic acid,eicosapentaenoic acid)and omega-6(linoleic acid(LA),arachidonic acid)polyunsaturated fatty acids are essential for health and normal physiological functioning in humans.Here we report a genome-wide association study(GWAS)on LA content in chicken meat.The 19 significant single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)identified by the GWAS approach were annotated in VILL,PLCD1 and OXSR1 genes with highly polymorphic linkage blocks,and explained 4.5%of the phenotypic variation in the LA content.Specifically,the PLCD1 mRNA expression level was negatively correlated with the LA content,and significantly higher in chickens with low LA content than in those with high LA content.In addition,PLCD1 was found to be involved in metabolic pathways,etc.Furthermore,the LA content was correlated with volatile organic compounds(e.g.,octanal,etc.),but no relationship was found with intramuscular fat and triglycerides in chicken meat.The results indicated that there are key SNPs in PLCD1 that regulate the content of LA,and it has no significant effect on fat deposition,but may affect the content of volatile organic compounds(VOCs).展开更多
San-Huang chicken is a high-quality breed in China with yellow feather, claw and break. However, the abnormal phenomenon of the yellow shank turning into green shank of San-Huang chicken has been a concern, as it seri...San-Huang chicken is a high-quality breed in China with yellow feather, claw and break. However, the abnormal phenomenon of the yellow shank turning into green shank of San-Huang chicken has been a concern, as it seriously reduces the carcass quality and economic benefit of yellow-feathered broilers. In this study, the cause of this abnormal green skin in shank was systematically investigated. Physiological anatomy revealed that the abnormal skin in shank was primarily due to the deposition of melanin under the dermis. After analyzing multiple potential causes such as heredity(pedigree and genetic markers), environment(water quality monitoring) and feed composition(mycotoxin detection), excessive aflatoxin B1(AFB1) in feed was screened, accompanied with a higher L-dihydroxy-phenylalanine(L-DOPA)(P<0.05) and melanin content(P<0.01). So it was speculated that excessive AFB1 might be the main cause of abnormal green skin in shank. Subsequently, the further results showed that a high concentration of AFB1(>170 μg kg–1)indeed induced the abnormal green skin in shank compared to the normal AFB1 content(<10 μg kg–1), and the mRNA levels of TYR, TYRP1, MITE, MC1R and EDN3 genes related to melanin deposition would significantly up-regulate(P<0.01) and the content and activity of tyrosinase(TyR) significantly increased(P<0.05). At the same time, the content of L-DOPA and melanin deposition also increased significantly(P<0.01), which also confirmed the effect of excessive AFB1 on melanin deposition in skin of shank. Results of additional experiments revealed that the AFB1's negative effect on melanin deposition in skin of shank could last for a longer time. Taken together, the results of this study explained the occurrence and possible mechanisms of the abnormal AFB1-related green skin in shank of chickens. Excessive AFB1 in diets increased the L-DOPA content and melanin abnormal deposition in the chicken shank possibly via promoting TyR content and activity, and the expression of melanin synthesis-related genes. Furthermore, our findings once again raised the alarm of the danger of AFB1 in the broiler production.展开更多
文摘为了加快实现双碳目标,提高能源利用效率、减少碳排放量,通过选取关键供能设备冷热电三联供系统(combined cooling heating and power system,CCHP)构建了综合能源系统模型,并利用改进的二代非支配排序遗传算法(non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-Ⅱ,NSGA-Ⅱ)研究了引入该设备后园区整体运行方式和运作效率的改变。结果表明:CCHP设备可通过其强耦合特性实现供能侧设备的多能互补和能量梯级利用;可见通过引入CCHP过后,可大大提高综合能源系统的运行效率,在减少运行成本的同时相对控制碳排放量的释放,提高系统总体效益。
文摘为了解国内外种植甘薯土壤的研究进展,借助VOSviewer、CiteSpace可视化分析软件对CNKI数据库和Web of Science中核心合集数据库中,1992-2021年国内外发表的种植甘薯土壤研究论文的发文量、被引频次、机构、关键词和研究热点等信息进行系统分析。结果表明,国内外在种植甘薯土壤研究领域的发文量均呈现出波动上升趋势,美国发文总量最多,其次是中国。美国农业部的发文量、被引总频次均位居第一,且同国内外各机构合作密切。涉农高校是国内研究种植甘薯土壤的中坚力量,但各机构间的合作较少。关键词聚类分析和突变检测发现,国内侧重于栽培技术的研究,国际上更倾向于甘薯土壤环境安全的研究。本文为了解种植甘薯土壤研究的现状和进展提供一定的参考价值。
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31872340)the State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition(2004DA125184G2109)+2 种基金the Basic Research from Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(Y2019XK06)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(ASTIP-IAS04)the earmarked fund for China Agriculture Research System(CARS-41).
文摘Omega-3(linolenic acid(ALA),docosapentaenoic acid,eicosapentaenoic acid)and omega-6(linoleic acid(LA),arachidonic acid)polyunsaturated fatty acids are essential for health and normal physiological functioning in humans.Here we report a genome-wide association study(GWAS)on LA content in chicken meat.The 19 significant single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)identified by the GWAS approach were annotated in VILL,PLCD1 and OXSR1 genes with highly polymorphic linkage blocks,and explained 4.5%of the phenotypic variation in the LA content.Specifically,the PLCD1 mRNA expression level was negatively correlated with the LA content,and significantly higher in chickens with low LA content than in those with high LA content.In addition,PLCD1 was found to be involved in metabolic pathways,etc.Furthermore,the LA content was correlated with volatile organic compounds(e.g.,octanal,etc.),but no relationship was found with intramuscular fat and triglycerides in chicken meat.The results indicated that there are key SNPs in PLCD1 that regulate the content of LA,and it has no significant effect on fat deposition,but may affect the content of volatile organic compounds(VOCs).
基金funded by the grants from the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA (CARS-41)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program, China (ASTIP-IAS04)。
文摘San-Huang chicken is a high-quality breed in China with yellow feather, claw and break. However, the abnormal phenomenon of the yellow shank turning into green shank of San-Huang chicken has been a concern, as it seriously reduces the carcass quality and economic benefit of yellow-feathered broilers. In this study, the cause of this abnormal green skin in shank was systematically investigated. Physiological anatomy revealed that the abnormal skin in shank was primarily due to the deposition of melanin under the dermis. After analyzing multiple potential causes such as heredity(pedigree and genetic markers), environment(water quality monitoring) and feed composition(mycotoxin detection), excessive aflatoxin B1(AFB1) in feed was screened, accompanied with a higher L-dihydroxy-phenylalanine(L-DOPA)(P<0.05) and melanin content(P<0.01). So it was speculated that excessive AFB1 might be the main cause of abnormal green skin in shank. Subsequently, the further results showed that a high concentration of AFB1(>170 μg kg–1)indeed induced the abnormal green skin in shank compared to the normal AFB1 content(<10 μg kg–1), and the mRNA levels of TYR, TYRP1, MITE, MC1R and EDN3 genes related to melanin deposition would significantly up-regulate(P<0.01) and the content and activity of tyrosinase(TyR) significantly increased(P<0.05). At the same time, the content of L-DOPA and melanin deposition also increased significantly(P<0.01), which also confirmed the effect of excessive AFB1 on melanin deposition in skin of shank. Results of additional experiments revealed that the AFB1's negative effect on melanin deposition in skin of shank could last for a longer time. Taken together, the results of this study explained the occurrence and possible mechanisms of the abnormal AFB1-related green skin in shank of chickens. Excessive AFB1 in diets increased the L-DOPA content and melanin abnormal deposition in the chicken shank possibly via promoting TyR content and activity, and the expression of melanin synthesis-related genes. Furthermore, our findings once again raised the alarm of the danger of AFB1 in the broiler production.
