Phytoremediation has been used as an emerging technology for remediation of soil contamination with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs),ubiquitous persistent environmental pollutants derived from natural and anthro...Phytoremediation has been used as an emerging technology for remediation of soil contamination with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs),ubiquitous persistent environmental pollutants derived from natural and anthropogenic processes,in the last decade.In this study,a pot experiment was conducted to investigate the potential of phytoremediation of pyrene from spiked soils planted with white clover(Trifolium repens)in the greenhouse with a series of pyrene concentrations ranging from 4.22 to 365.38 mg kg-1.The results showed that growth of white clover on pyrenecontaminated soils was not affected.The removal of pyrene from the spiked soils planted with white clover was obviously higher than that from the unplanted soils.At the end of the experiment(60 d),the average removal ratio of pyrene in the spiked soils with white clover was 77%,which was 31%and 57%higher than those of the controls with or without micobes, respectively.Both roots and shoots of white clover took up pyrene from the spiked soils and pyrene uptake increased with the soil pyrene concentration.However,the plant-enhanced dissipation of soil pyrene may be the result of plant-promoted microbial degradation and direct uptake and accumulation of pyrene by white clover were only a small part of the pyrene dissipation.Bioconcentration factors of pyrene(BCFs,ratio of pyrene,on a dry weight basis,in the plant to that in the soil)tended to decrease with increase in the residual soil pyrene concentration.Therefore,removal of pyrene in the contaminated soils was feasible using white clove.展开更多
Geothermal water of Xi'an and Xianyang in the central Guanzhong basin is typically geopressured thermal water in China. δ18O and δD data of geopressured thermal water in Xi'an and Xianyang, combined with dat...Geothermal water of Xi'an and Xianyang in the central Guanzhong basin is typically geopressured thermal water in China. δ18O and δD data of geopressured thermal water in Xi'an and Xianyang, combined with data from the perimeter of the basin, are analyzed to study features of hydrogen and oxygen shifts. The results show that 18O exchange of geothermal water at the perimeter of the basin and in the non-geopressured thermal water in the center of the basin is not evident, while in most of the geopressured thermal water in the central basin, in cities such as Xi'an and Xianyang, significant oxygen exchange had taken place as well as hydrogen exchange, suggesting that isotope exchanges would slowly move the geothermal water system towards equilib-rium. Thermal water reservoirs in the central basin have passed through significant water-rock reactions. Moreover, the geothermal reservoir of Xianyang city is relatively much more enclosed than that of Xi'an city. It has been observed that the more enclosed the geological environment of geothermal water is, the more obvious the oxygen shifts are. With the increasing of the depth, residence time, total amounts of dissolute solids and temperatures of geothermal waters, the oxygen exchange accelerates.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.40432004 and 20677015)the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China(No.20070420094)+2 种基金the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Shanghai Municipality,China(No.08R214116)the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality,China(No.0752nm025)theNational High-Tech Research and Development Program(No.2007AA06Z331)
文摘Phytoremediation has been used as an emerging technology for remediation of soil contamination with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs),ubiquitous persistent environmental pollutants derived from natural and anthropogenic processes,in the last decade.In this study,a pot experiment was conducted to investigate the potential of phytoremediation of pyrene from spiked soils planted with white clover(Trifolium repens)in the greenhouse with a series of pyrene concentrations ranging from 4.22 to 365.38 mg kg-1.The results showed that growth of white clover on pyrenecontaminated soils was not affected.The removal of pyrene from the spiked soils planted with white clover was obviously higher than that from the unplanted soils.At the end of the experiment(60 d),the average removal ratio of pyrene in the spiked soils with white clover was 77%,which was 31%and 57%higher than those of the controls with or without micobes, respectively.Both roots and shoots of white clover took up pyrene from the spiked soils and pyrene uptake increased with the soil pyrene concentration.However,the plant-enhanced dissipation of soil pyrene may be the result of plant-promoted microbial degradation and direct uptake and accumulation of pyrene by white clover were only a small part of the pyrene dissipation.Bioconcentration factors of pyrene(BCFs,ratio of pyrene,on a dry weight basis,in the plant to that in the soil)tended to decrease with increase in the residual soil pyrene concentration.Therefore,removal of pyrene in the contaminated soils was feasible using white clove.
基金Projects 1212010535416 supported by the Geological Investigation Bureau of China2005D03 by the Shaanxi Natural Science Foundation
文摘Geothermal water of Xi'an and Xianyang in the central Guanzhong basin is typically geopressured thermal water in China. δ18O and δD data of geopressured thermal water in Xi'an and Xianyang, combined with data from the perimeter of the basin, are analyzed to study features of hydrogen and oxygen shifts. The results show that 18O exchange of geothermal water at the perimeter of the basin and in the non-geopressured thermal water in the center of the basin is not evident, while in most of the geopressured thermal water in the central basin, in cities such as Xi'an and Xianyang, significant oxygen exchange had taken place as well as hydrogen exchange, suggesting that isotope exchanges would slowly move the geothermal water system towards equilib-rium. Thermal water reservoirs in the central basin have passed through significant water-rock reactions. Moreover, the geothermal reservoir of Xianyang city is relatively much more enclosed than that of Xi'an city. It has been observed that the more enclosed the geological environment of geothermal water is, the more obvious the oxygen shifts are. With the increasing of the depth, residence time, total amounts of dissolute solids and temperatures of geothermal waters, the oxygen exchange accelerates.
