目的分析艾曲泊帕(Eltrombopag)在儿童患者中致不良反应(Adverse drug reaction,ADR)的临床特点和一般规律,为其临床合理、安全使用提供参考。方法检索中国知网(CNKI)、万方、维普(VIP)、PubMed等数据库收录的艾曲泊帕致儿童不良反应相...目的分析艾曲泊帕(Eltrombopag)在儿童患者中致不良反应(Adverse drug reaction,ADR)的临床特点和一般规律,为其临床合理、安全使用提供参考。方法检索中国知网(CNKI)、万方、维普(VIP)、PubMed等数据库收录的艾曲泊帕致儿童不良反应相关病例报道,检索时限为建库至2023年5月,并对纳入文献进行统计与分析。结果共纳入文献22篇,应用艾曲泊帕治疗的患儿共800例,ADR共计246例,主要累及消化系统和血液系统,绝大多数ADR为轻症,可自行缓解,或经减停药、对症处理后缓解。结论儿童群体应用艾曲泊帕整体耐受性良好,但仍需加强监测,保障用药安全。展开更多
The isothermal crystallization kinetics of pure fused quartz of blank specimen N- 0 and specimen N- 3 in troduced with 3 mass% nano-Nd2O3 was researched by means of XRD and Avrami equation. The results show that cryst...The isothermal crystallization kinetics of pure fused quartz of blank specimen N- 0 and specimen N- 3 in troduced with 3 mass% nano-Nd2O3 was researched by means of XRD and Avrami equation. The results show that crystallization mechanisms of fused quartz in two specimens are both heterogeneous nucleation type caused by surface structure defects,and the grain growth mode of two specimens are both two-dimensional growth ac companied by one-dimensional and three-dimensiona growths,specimen N- 3 has the higher degree of grain growth in one-dimensional and three-dimensional than specimen N- 0; introducing nano-Nd2O3 can obviously reduce the ＂active nucleation sites＂of glass structure on the fused quartz particles surface,enhance the stability o glass structure,increase the activation energy of fused quartz crystallization from 874 k J · mol- 1to 1 270 k J·mol- 1,and decrease the crystallization rate of fused quartz obviously.展开更多
Fused quartz ceramic was prepared using high purity fused quartz powder as starting material,separately introducing 1%,2% and 3% （in mass,the same hereinafter） nano-ZnO or nano-Y203 as additive,molding at 50 MPa,fir...Fused quartz ceramic was prepared using high purity fused quartz powder as starting material,separately introducing 1%,2% and 3% （in mass,the same hereinafter） nano-ZnO or nano-Y203 as additive,molding at 50 MPa,firing in reduction atmosphere at 1 300,1 350 and 1 400 ℃ for 1 h,respectively.Apparent porosity and cold modulus of rupture were tested and fracture morphology was analyzed by SEM.The results show that adding nano-ZnO or nano-Y2O3 obviously improves sintering of fused quartz; adding nano-ZnO enhances modulus of rupture and decreases apparent porosity; the optimum addition of nano-Y2O3 as sintering aid of fused quartz is 2%.展开更多
Background Calcaneal fractures are relatively common but complex,while the treatment of these fractures is still controversial.The objective of this study was to compare the biomechanical stability of minimally invasi...Background Calcaneal fractures are relatively common but complex,while the treatment of these fractures is still controversial.The objective of this study was to compare the biomechanical stability of minimally invasive,locking,and non-locking plating systems used for fixing Sanders type Ⅱ and type Ⅲ calcaneal fractures.Finite element analysis was used for comparing the three types of plating systems.This study helped in guiding the clinical management of calcaneal fractures.Methods The CT data acquired from a volunteer was used to construct a finite element model of calcaneus.The fracture lines were made according to Sanders type Ⅱ （A,B,C） and type Ⅲ （AB,AC,BC） and six calcaneal fractures models were constructed accordingly.Three fixation methods used in clinical treatment were simulated by design tools （minimally invasive plating with percutaneous screws,Y-size non-locking plating,and locking plating） and then fixed to these fracture models with the help of clinical principles.The single minimally invasive plating fixation was also tested to compare the function of percutaneous screws.Then,the neutral force was applied on established methods.The displacement and presses distribution condition in various plating models were analyzed and compared.Results The levels of displacement and compressive press on the bone around fixation or strains on plating were within the physiological limit,indicating that the three methods were suitable for application.Compared with the locked and unlocked plates,the minimally invasive plating caused a relatively lower displacement without the high stress in bone or fixation.The minimum stress in fixation was observed in locking plate as the distribution of stress was concentrated in the anterior part of locking plate.Conclusions The minimally invasive plating method could be a better alternative method in treating Sanders type Ⅱ and type Ⅲ calcaneal fractures.The observed stiffness of locking plate was not obviously stronger than unlocked plate.展开更多
文摘目的分析艾曲泊帕(Eltrombopag)在儿童患者中致不良反应(Adverse drug reaction,ADR)的临床特点和一般规律,为其临床合理、安全使用提供参考。方法检索中国知网(CNKI)、万方、维普(VIP)、PubMed等数据库收录的艾曲泊帕致儿童不良反应相关病例报道,检索时限为建库至2023年5月,并对纳入文献进行统计与分析。结果共纳入文献22篇,应用艾曲泊帕治疗的患儿共800例,ADR共计246例,主要累及消化系统和血液系统,绝大多数ADR为轻症,可自行缓解,或经减停药、对症处理后缓解。结论儿童群体应用艾曲泊帕整体耐受性良好,但仍需加强监测,保障用药安全。
文摘The isothermal crystallization kinetics of pure fused quartz of blank specimen N- 0 and specimen N- 3 in troduced with 3 mass% nano-Nd2O3 was researched by means of XRD and Avrami equation. The results show that crystallization mechanisms of fused quartz in two specimens are both heterogeneous nucleation type caused by surface structure defects,and the grain growth mode of two specimens are both two-dimensional growth ac companied by one-dimensional and three-dimensiona growths,specimen N- 3 has the higher degree of grain growth in one-dimensional and three-dimensional than specimen N- 0; introducing nano-Nd2O3 can obviously reduce the ＂active nucleation sites＂of glass structure on the fused quartz particles surface,enhance the stability o glass structure,increase the activation energy of fused quartz crystallization from 874 k J · mol- 1to 1 270 k J·mol- 1,and decrease the crystallization rate of fused quartz obviously.
基金the financial support of National Natural Science Foundation of China ( 51072046)
文摘Fused quartz ceramic was prepared using high purity fused quartz powder as starting material,separately introducing 1%,2% and 3% （in mass,the same hereinafter） nano-ZnO or nano-Y203 as additive,molding at 50 MPa,firing in reduction atmosphere at 1 300,1 350 and 1 400 ℃ for 1 h,respectively.Apparent porosity and cold modulus of rupture were tested and fracture morphology was analyzed by SEM.The results show that adding nano-ZnO or nano-Y2O3 obviously improves sintering of fused quartz; adding nano-ZnO enhances modulus of rupture and decreases apparent porosity; the optimum addition of nano-Y2O3 as sintering aid of fused quartz is 2%.
文摘Background Calcaneal fractures are relatively common but complex,while the treatment of these fractures is still controversial.The objective of this study was to compare the biomechanical stability of minimally invasive,locking,and non-locking plating systems used for fixing Sanders type Ⅱ and type Ⅲ calcaneal fractures.Finite element analysis was used for comparing the three types of plating systems.This study helped in guiding the clinical management of calcaneal fractures.Methods The CT data acquired from a volunteer was used to construct a finite element model of calcaneus.The fracture lines were made according to Sanders type Ⅱ （A,B,C） and type Ⅲ （AB,AC,BC） and six calcaneal fractures models were constructed accordingly.Three fixation methods used in clinical treatment were simulated by design tools （minimally invasive plating with percutaneous screws,Y-size non-locking plating,and locking plating） and then fixed to these fracture models with the help of clinical principles.The single minimally invasive plating fixation was also tested to compare the function of percutaneous screws.Then,the neutral force was applied on established methods.The displacement and presses distribution condition in various plating models were analyzed and compared.Results The levels of displacement and compressive press on the bone around fixation or strains on plating were within the physiological limit,indicating that the three methods were suitable for application.Compared with the locked and unlocked plates,the minimally invasive plating caused a relatively lower displacement without the high stress in bone or fixation.The minimum stress in fixation was observed in locking plate as the distribution of stress was concentrated in the anterior part of locking plate.Conclusions The minimally invasive plating method could be a better alternative method in treating Sanders type Ⅱ and type Ⅲ calcaneal fractures.The observed stiffness of locking plate was not obviously stronger than unlocked plate.
