Background:Clear-cell renal cell carcinoma(ccRCC)is the most common malignant kidney cancer.However,the tumor microenvironment and crosstalk involved in metabolic reprogramming in ccRCC are not well-understood.Methods...Background:Clear-cell renal cell carcinoma(ccRCC)is the most common malignant kidney cancer.However,the tumor microenvironment and crosstalk involved in metabolic reprogramming in ccRCC are not well-understood.Methods:We used The Cancer Genome Atlas to obtain ccRCC transcriptome data and clinical information.The EMTAB-1980 cohort was used for external validation.The GENECARDS database contains the first 100 solute carrier(SLC)-related genes.The predictive value of SLC-related genes for ccRCC prognosis and treatment was assessed using univariate Cox regression analysis.An SLC-related predictive signature was developed through Lasso regression analysis and used to determine the risk profiles of patients with ccRCC.Patients in each cohort were separated into high-and low-risk groups based on their risk scores.The clinical importance of the signature was assessed through survival,immune microenvironment,drug sensitivity,and nomogram analyses using R software.Results:SLC25A23,SLC25A42,SLC5A1,SLC3A1,SLC25A37,SLC5A6,SLCO5A1,and SCP2 comprised the signatures of the eight SLCrelated genes.Patients with ccRCC were separated into high-and low-risk groups based on the risk value in the training and validation cohorts;the high-risk group had a significantly worse prognosis(p<0.001).The risk score was an independent predictive indicator of ccRCC in the two cohorts according to univariate and multivariate Cox regression(p<0.05).Analysis of the immune microenvironment showed that immune cell infiltration and immune checkpoint gene expression differed between the two groups(p<0.05).Drug sensitivity analysis showed that compared to the low-risk group,the high-risk group was more sensitive to sunitinib,nilotinib,JNK-inhibitor-VIII,dasatinib,bosutinib,and bortezomib(p<0.001).Survival analysis and receiver operating characteristic curves were validated using the E-MTAB-1980 cohort.Conclusions:SLC-related genes have predictive relevance in ccRCC and play roles in the immunological milieu.Our results provide insight into metabolic reprogramming in ccRCC and identify promising treatment targets for ccRCC.展开更多
Under the tide of"Internet+education",the new means of information technology education is constantly used in education and teaching,and the traditional teaching models and teaching methods urgently need to ...Under the tide of"Internet+education",the new means of information technology education is constantly used in education and teaching,and the traditional teaching models and teaching methods urgently need to be changed.There is no doubt about the integration of online teaching and offline teaching.On the basis of reviewing the research on the mixed teaching model at home and abroad,this paper puts forward the idea of constructing the mixed teaching model in colleges and universities in the context of"Internet+",and sets up the mixed teaching model in colleges and universities in the context of"Internet+".Through the detailed and concrete design of the operation process of the mixed teaching model,we can break the single shackles of online teaching and face-to-face teaching,and form an interactive and collaborative teaching ecosystem to realize the common development of online teaching and offline teaching.展开更多
Ethylene-propylene block copolymer(EbP) is a vital component in impact polypropylene copolymer(IPC), yet its distribution in the multiphase composite material and how it influences the phase structure and the mechanic...Ethylene-propylene block copolymer(EbP) is a vital component in impact polypropylene copolymer(IPC), yet its distribution in the multiphase composite material and how it influences the phase structure and the mechanical properties are not well understood. In this work,four IPCs were investigated by atomic force microscopy-infrared(AFM-IR) to assess the phase compositions in situ, based on which in conjunction with the chain microstructure information obtained ex situ the distributions of the copolymer components were derived for each alloy. For the IPCs whose EbP comprises long P and long E segments, the EbP fraction was found to phase separate from the rubber and the PP matrix to form the cores of the disperse particles with the E-P segmented copolymer(EsP). In contrast, in the IPC with EbP composed of long P and short E segments, the EbP fraction formed an outer shell for the rubber particles with the cores comprising the EsP alone, and this IPC, containing a lower E comonomer content than its counterpart, exhibited both better impact resistance and higher flexural modulus. These results clarify how the chain structure of EbP governs the phase morphology in IPC, which in turn impacts the properties of the composite material.展开更多
How to fabricate high-quality microcavities simply and at low cost without causing damage to environmentally sensitive active layers such as perovskites are crucial for the studies of exciton–polaritons,however,it re...How to fabricate high-quality microcavities simply and at low cost without causing damage to environmentally sensitive active layers such as perovskites are crucial for the studies of exciton–polaritons,however,it remains challenging in the field of microcavity fabrication.Usually,once the top mirror is deposited,the detuning of the microcavity is fixed and there is no easy way to tune it.Here,we have developed a method for deterministically transferring silver mirrors,which is relatively simple and guarantees the active layer from damaging of high temperature,particle bombardment,etc.,during the deposition of the top mirror.Furthermore,with the help of a glass probe,we demonstrate a replaceable silver transfer method to tune the detuning of the microcavity,thereby changing the coupling of photons and excitons therein.The developed deterministic and replaceable silver mirror transfer methods will provide the capability to fabricate high-quality and tunable microcavities and play an active role in the development of the exciton–polariton field.展开更多
Photonic and plasmonic devices rely on nanoscale control of the local density of optical states(LDOS)in dielectric and metallic environments.The tremendous progress in designing and tailoring the electric LDOS of nano...Photonic and plasmonic devices rely on nanoscale control of the local density of optical states(LDOS)in dielectric and metallic environments.The tremendous progress in designing and tailoring the electric LDOS of nano-resonators requires an investigation tool that is able to access the detailed features of the optical localized resonant modes with deep-subwavelength spatial resolution.This scenario has motivated the development of different nanoscale imaging techniques.Here,we prove that a technique involving the combination of scanning near-field optical microscopy with resonant scattering spectroscopy enables imaging the electric LDOS in nano-resonators with outstanding spatial resolution(λ/19)by means of a pure optical method based on light scattering.Using this technique,we investigate the properties of photonic crystal nanocavities,demonstrating that the resonant modes appear as characteristic Fano line shapes,which arise from interference.Therefore,by monitoring the spatial variation of the Fano line shape,we locally measure the phase modulation of the resonant modes without the need of external heterodyne detection.This novel,deep-subwavelength imaging method allows us to access both the intensity and the phase modulation of localized electric fields.Finally,this technique could be implemented on any type of platform,being particularly appealing for those based on non-optically active material,such as silicon,glass,polymers,or metals.展开更多
According to the philosophy of self-cultivation that"one should refine his personal virtue when in poverty,and help save the world when in success",a new type of evolutionary strategy,PoorCompetition-Rich-Co...According to the philosophy of self-cultivation that"one should refine his personal virtue when in poverty,and help save the world when in success",a new type of evolutionary strategy,PoorCompetition-Rich-Cooperation(PCRC),is proposed.To discuss its superiority and inferiority,based on a multi-player iterated Prisoner’s Dilemma game,PCRC and other six kinds of strategies are played by using the roulette method in three different populations(a uniformly distributed population,a cooperation-preference population,a defection-preference population).The payoff characteristics for each strategy under different temptation coefficients and noise values are also analyzed.Simulation results indicate that PCRC has a sufficient robustness and its payoff presents a basically monotonic increasing tendency with the increment of noise.The superiority of PCRC becomes more obvious when the temptation coefficient becomes larger.Furthermore,a higher population preference for defection yields a more obvious advantage for PCRC.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[Grant Numbers 82170769,81900684,and 81870512].
文摘Background:Clear-cell renal cell carcinoma(ccRCC)is the most common malignant kidney cancer.However,the tumor microenvironment and crosstalk involved in metabolic reprogramming in ccRCC are not well-understood.Methods:We used The Cancer Genome Atlas to obtain ccRCC transcriptome data and clinical information.The EMTAB-1980 cohort was used for external validation.The GENECARDS database contains the first 100 solute carrier(SLC)-related genes.The predictive value of SLC-related genes for ccRCC prognosis and treatment was assessed using univariate Cox regression analysis.An SLC-related predictive signature was developed through Lasso regression analysis and used to determine the risk profiles of patients with ccRCC.Patients in each cohort were separated into high-and low-risk groups based on their risk scores.The clinical importance of the signature was assessed through survival,immune microenvironment,drug sensitivity,and nomogram analyses using R software.Results:SLC25A23,SLC25A42,SLC5A1,SLC3A1,SLC25A37,SLC5A6,SLCO5A1,and SCP2 comprised the signatures of the eight SLCrelated genes.Patients with ccRCC were separated into high-and low-risk groups based on the risk value in the training and validation cohorts;the high-risk group had a significantly worse prognosis(p<0.001).The risk score was an independent predictive indicator of ccRCC in the two cohorts according to univariate and multivariate Cox regression(p<0.05).Analysis of the immune microenvironment showed that immune cell infiltration and immune checkpoint gene expression differed between the two groups(p<0.05).Drug sensitivity analysis showed that compared to the low-risk group,the high-risk group was more sensitive to sunitinib,nilotinib,JNK-inhibitor-VIII,dasatinib,bosutinib,and bortezomib(p<0.001).Survival analysis and receiver operating characteristic curves were validated using the E-MTAB-1980 cohort.Conclusions:SLC-related genes have predictive relevance in ccRCC and play roles in the immunological milieu.Our results provide insight into metabolic reprogramming in ccRCC and identify promising treatment targets for ccRCC.
基金Educational and Scientific Research Planning Project of Anhui Vocational and Adult Education Society—Exploration and Practice of the Mixed Teaching Model of Public Relations in Higher Vocational Colleges in the Context of"Internet+"(AGZ18121)。
文摘Under the tide of"Internet+education",the new means of information technology education is constantly used in education and teaching,and the traditional teaching models and teaching methods urgently need to be changed.There is no doubt about the integration of online teaching and offline teaching.On the basis of reviewing the research on the mixed teaching model at home and abroad,this paper puts forward the idea of constructing the mixed teaching model in colleges and universities in the context of"Internet+",and sets up the mixed teaching model in colleges and universities in the context of"Internet+".Through the detailed and concrete design of the operation process of the mixed teaching model,we can break the single shackles of online teaching and face-to-face teaching,and form an interactive and collaborative teaching ecosystem to realize the common development of online teaching and offline teaching.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.52073277)the Science and Technology Department of Fujian Province (No.2020HZ06019)。
文摘Ethylene-propylene block copolymer(EbP) is a vital component in impact polypropylene copolymer(IPC), yet its distribution in the multiphase composite material and how it influences the phase structure and the mechanical properties are not well understood. In this work,four IPCs were investigated by atomic force microscopy-infrared(AFM-IR) to assess the phase compositions in situ, based on which in conjunction with the chain microstructure information obtained ex situ the distributions of the copolymer components were derived for each alloy. For the IPCs whose EbP comprises long P and long E segments, the EbP fraction was found to phase separate from the rubber and the PP matrix to form the cores of the disperse particles with the E-P segmented copolymer(EsP). In contrast, in the IPC with EbP composed of long P and short E segments, the EbP fraction formed an outer shell for the rubber particles with the cores comprising the EsP alone, and this IPC, containing a lower E comonomer content than its counterpart, exhibited both better impact resistance and higher flexural modulus. These results clarify how the chain structure of EbP governs the phase morphology in IPC, which in turn impacts the properties of the composite material.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61875001)and the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.JQ21018)W.B.acknowledge support from National Science Foundation(Award No.DMR-2143041)T.T.acknowledges support from the JSPS KAKENHI(Grant Nos.19H05790 and 20H00354)and A3 Foresight by JSPS.
文摘How to fabricate high-quality microcavities simply and at low cost without causing damage to environmentally sensitive active layers such as perovskites are crucial for the studies of exciton–polaritons,however,it remains challenging in the field of microcavity fabrication.Usually,once the top mirror is deposited,the detuning of the microcavity is fixed and there is no easy way to tune it.Here,we have developed a method for deterministically transferring silver mirrors,which is relatively simple and guarantees the active layer from damaging of high temperature,particle bombardment,etc.,during the deposition of the top mirror.Furthermore,with the help of a glass probe,we demonstrate a replaceable silver transfer method to tune the detuning of the microcavity,thereby changing the coupling of photons and excitons therein.The developed deterministic and replaceable silver mirror transfer methods will provide the capability to fabricate high-quality and tunable microcavities and play an active role in the development of the exciton–polariton field.
基金This work was supported by the FET project FP7618025 CARTOON and is part of the research program of the Foundation for Fundamental Research on Matter(FOM),which is financially supported by the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research(NWO).
文摘Photonic and plasmonic devices rely on nanoscale control of the local density of optical states(LDOS)in dielectric and metallic environments.The tremendous progress in designing and tailoring the electric LDOS of nano-resonators requires an investigation tool that is able to access the detailed features of the optical localized resonant modes with deep-subwavelength spatial resolution.This scenario has motivated the development of different nanoscale imaging techniques.Here,we prove that a technique involving the combination of scanning near-field optical microscopy with resonant scattering spectroscopy enables imaging the electric LDOS in nano-resonators with outstanding spatial resolution(λ/19)by means of a pure optical method based on light scattering.Using this technique,we investigate the properties of photonic crystal nanocavities,demonstrating that the resonant modes appear as characteristic Fano line shapes,which arise from interference.Therefore,by monitoring the spatial variation of the Fano line shape,we locally measure the phase modulation of the resonant modes without the need of external heterodyne detection.This novel,deep-subwavelength imaging method allows us to access both the intensity and the phase modulation of localized electric fields.Finally,this technique could be implemented on any type of platform,being particularly appealing for those based on non-optically active material,such as silicon,glass,polymers,or metals.
基金Supported by the Anhui Philosophy and Social Sciences Planning Project(AHSKF2018D37).
文摘According to the philosophy of self-cultivation that"one should refine his personal virtue when in poverty,and help save the world when in success",a new type of evolutionary strategy,PoorCompetition-Rich-Cooperation(PCRC),is proposed.To discuss its superiority and inferiority,based on a multi-player iterated Prisoner’s Dilemma game,PCRC and other six kinds of strategies are played by using the roulette method in three different populations(a uniformly distributed population,a cooperation-preference population,a defection-preference population).The payoff characteristics for each strategy under different temptation coefficients and noise values are also analyzed.Simulation results indicate that PCRC has a sufficient robustness and its payoff presents a basically monotonic increasing tendency with the increment of noise.The superiority of PCRC becomes more obvious when the temptation coefficient becomes larger.Furthermore,a higher population preference for defection yields a more obvious advantage for PCRC.
