Dual-targeting AAV9P1-mediated neuronal reprogramming in a mouse model of traumatic brain injury

Traumatic brain injury results in neuronal loss and glial scar formation.Replenishing neurons and eliminating the consequences of glial scar formation are essential for treating traumatic brain injury.Neuronal reprogramming is a promising strategy to convert glial scars to neural tissue.However,previous studies have reported inconsistent results.In this study,an AAV9P1 vector incorporating an astrocyte-targeting P1 peptide and glial fibrillary acidic protein promoter was used to achieve dual-targeting of astrocytes and the glial scar while minimizing off-target effects.The results demonstrate that AAV9P1 provides high selectivity of astrocytes and reactive astrocytes.Moreover,neuronal reprogramming was induced by downregulating the polypyrimidine tract-binding protein 1 gene via systemic administration of AAV9P1 in a mouse model of traumatic brain injury.In summary,this approach provides an improved gene delivery vehicle to study neuronal programming and evidence of its applications for traumatic brain injury.

北方浓香型白酒发酵过程中不同空间层次糟醅理化指标及风味物质的变化

该研究对北方浓香型白酒发酵过程中不同空间层次六个位置点糟醅的理化指标和主要风味物质的变化进行分析。结果表明,不同空间层次糟醅的理化指标和风味物质变化均呈现一定的规律。糟醅中水分、酸度、淀粉、丁酸、己酸、异戊醇、正丁醇含量在中、上层四个位置点的变化规律基本一致且与底层两个位置点的完全不同。糟醅中残糖、乳酸乙酯、乙醛、乙酸、丙酸和甲醇含量在六个位置点变化规律基本一致,而乙缩醛、异丁醇、正丙醇和仲丁醇在各个位置点变化却各有差异。己酸乙酯和丁酸乙酯在其中三个位置点均未检出,另外三个点有较大差异。底层的己酸和正丁醇含量明显高于中、上层,中、上层的乳酸乙酯增幅远大于底层,中、底层仲丁醇含量明显升高而上层无明显变化。中、底层中心点残糖含量明显高于窖边点,同层中心点与窖边点淀粉含量无明显差异,同层窖边点甲醇、己酸、正丙醇和异戊醇含量明显高于中心点,而异丁醇相反。己酸乙酯和丁酸乙酯主要依靠底层和中层窖边点糟醅在发酵中后期生成。

Preheating-assisted solid-state friction stir repair of Al-Mg-Si alloy plate at different rotational speeds

Additive friction stir deposition(AFSD)is a novel structural repair and manufacturing technology has become a research hotspot at home and abroad in the past five years.In this work,the microstructural evolution and mechanical performance of the Al-Mg-Si alloy plate repaired by the preheating-assisted AFSD process were investigated.To evaluate the tool rotation speed and substrate preheating for repair quality,the AFSD technique was used to additively repair 5 mm depth blind holes on 6061 aluminum alloy substrates.The results showed that preheat-assisted AFSD repair significantly improved joint bonding and joint strength compared to the control non-preheat substrate condition.Moreover,increasing rotation speed was also beneficial to improve the metallurgical bonding of the interface and avoid volume defects.Under preheating conditions,the UTS and elongation were positively correlated with rotation speed.Under the process parameters of preheated substrate and tool rotation speed of 1000 r/min,defect-free specimens could be obtained accompanied by tensile fracture occurring in the substrate rather than the repaired zone.The UTS and elongation reached the maximum values of 164.2MPa and 13.4%,which are equivalent to 99.4%and 140%of the heated substrate,respectively.

International law obligations for the disposal of Fukushima nuclear-contaminated water under the principles of nuclear safety

The disposal of contaminated water from Japan’s Fukushima nuclear power plant is a significant international nuclear safety issue with considerable cross-border implications.This matter requires compliance not only with the law of the sea but also with the principles of nuclear safety under international law.These principles serve as the overarching tenet of international and China’s domestic nuclear laws,applicable to nuclear facilities and activities.The principle of safety in nuclear activities is fully recognized in international and domestic laws,carrying broad legal binding force.Japan’s discharge of nuclear-contaminated water into the sea violates its obligations under the principle of safety in nuclear activities,including commitments to optimum protection,as low as reasonably practicable,and prevention.The Japanese government and the International Atomic Energy Agency(IAEA)have breached the obligation of optimum protection by restricting the scope of assessments,substituting core concepts,and shielding dissenting views.In the absence of clear radiation standards,they have acted unilaterally without fulfilling the obligation as low as reasonably practicable principle.The discharge of Fukushima nuclear-contaminated water poses an imminent and unpredictable risk to all countries worldwide,including Japanese residents.Japan and the IAEA should fulfill their obligations under international law regarding disposal,adhering to the principles of nuclear safety,including optimum protection,the obligation as low as reasonably practicable,and prevention through multilateral cooperation.Specifically,the obligation to provide optimum protection should be implemented by re-evaluating the most reliable disposal technologies and methods currently available and comprehensively assessing various options.The standard of the obligation as low as reasonably practicable requires that the minimization of negative impacts on human health,livelihoods,and the environment should not be subordinated to considerations of cutting costs and expenses.Multilateral cooperation should be promoted through the establishment of sound multilateral long-term monitoring mechanisms for the discharge of nuclear-contaminated water,notification and consultation obligations,and periodic assessments.These obligations under international law were fulfilled after the accidents at the Three Mile Island and Chernobyl nuclear power plants.The implications of the principles of nuclear safety align with the concept of building a community of shared future for nuclear safety advocated by China.In cases of violations of international law regarding the disposal of nuclear-contaminated water that jeopardize the concept of a community of a shared future for nuclear safety,China can also rely on its own strength to promote the implementation of due obligations through self-help.

高效液相色谱法检测白酒中痕量环己基氨基磺酸钠

该实验建立了一种利用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法检测白酒中痕量环己基氨基磺酸钠(甜蜜素)的方法。根据甜蜜素的热稳定性对白酒样品进行第一次浓缩,衍生后不同萃取溶剂萃取、碱洗后进行二次浓缩,选择不同的溶剂复溶后过膜上机测试,通过流动相试验优化色谱条件,采用单因素试验、正交试验优化前处理条件,再通过方法学考察进行评价。结果表明,最佳前处理条件为称样量100 g、沸水浴浓缩蒸干续蒸0.5 h除去掉白酒中大部分干扰成分、衍生后正庚烷萃取、碱洗后二次浓缩、采用流动相(甲醇∶100 mmol/L乙酸铵水溶液=75∶25,V/V)复溶后液相色谱法测定。该方法在0.01~1 mg/kg范围内标准曲线线性关系良好(R2=0.9998),检出限0.01 mg/kg,定量限0.03 mg/kg,不同香型白酒样品中环己基氨基磺酸钠的加标回收率为94.4%~103.7%,精密度试验结果的相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.70%~3.73%(n=6),该方法准确度较高,精密度良好,适用于各种香型白酒中痕量甜蜜素的检测。

大曲中黄曲霉毒素B1的高效液相色谱检测方法

建立一种利用高效液相色谱检测酿酒大曲中黄曲霉毒素B1的方法。通过对前处理过程的溶剂选择、提取溶剂浓度、提取时间、免疫亲和柱前溶剂浓度的实验,采用单因素分析、正交实验设计找出最佳前处理条件,再通过线性范围、重复性、加标回收率对方法进行评价。此方法检测灵敏度高、重复性好,各类大曲的加标回收率都在85%~95%,结果可靠,适合各酿酒企业对大曲中黄曲霉毒素B1的内部风险控制。

新工科视域下地方高校化材类应用型人才培养新模式的创建与成效

论述了地方高校化材类应用型人才培养探索与实践的必要性和紧迫性。重点阐述了在人才培养模式更新、特色课程设置、校企合作协同育人机制的创新等多方面的改革。更新了“接地气、近产业”新工科应用型人才培养定位,探索实践了“双四六”应用型人才培养模式,重构了与应用型人才培养相配套的课程体系,实施了“三三制”产学研协同育人机制。最后以丰硕的成果给创建的新模式做了诠释。

Role of intelligent/interactive qualitative and quantitative analysisthree-dimensional estimated model in donor-recipient size mismatch following deceased donor liver transplantation

BACKGROUND Donor-recipient size mismatch(DRSM)is considered a crucial factor for poor outcomes in liver transplantation(LT)because of complications,such as massive intraoperative blood loss(IBL)and early allograft dysfunction(EAD).Liver volumetry is performed routinely in living donor LT,but rarely in deceased donor LT(DDLT),which amplifies the adverse effects of DRSM in DDLT.Due to the various shortcomings of traditional manual liver volumetry and formula methods,a feasible model based on intelligent/interactive qualitative and quantitative analysis-three-dimensional(IQQA-3D)for estimating the degree of DRSM is needed.AIM To identify benefits of IQQA-3D liver volumetry in DDLT and establish an estimation model to guide perioperative management.METHODS We retrospectively determined the accuracy of IQQA-3D liver volumetry for standard total liver volume(TLV)(sTLV)and established an estimation TLV(eTLV)index(eTLVi)model.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were drawn to detect the optimal cut-off values for predicting massive IBL and EAD in DDLT using donor sTLV to recipient sTLV(called sTLVi).The factors influencing the occurrence of massive IBL and EAD were explored through logistic regression analysis.Finally,the eTLVi model was compared with the sTLVi model through the ROC curve for verification.RESULTS A total of 133 patients were included in the analysis.The Changzheng formula was accurate for calculating donor sTLV(P=0.083)but not for recipient sTLV(P=0.036).Recipient eTLV calculated using IQQA-3D highly matched with recipient sTLV(P=0.221).Alcoholic liver disease,gastrointestinal bleeding,and sTLVi>1.24 were independent risk factors for massive IBL,and drug-induced liver failure was an independent protective factor for massive IBL.Male donor-female recipient combination,model for end-stage liver disease score,sTLVi≤0.85,and sTLVi≥1.32 were independent risk factors for EAD,and viral hepatitis was an independent protective factor for EAD.The overall survival of patients in the 0.85<sTLVi<1.32 group was better compared to the sTLVi≤0.85 group and sTLVi≥1.32 group(P<0.001).There was no statistically significant difference in the area under the curve of the sTLVi model and IQQA-3D eTLVi model in the detection of massive IBL and EAD(all P>0.05).CONCLUSION IQQA-3D eTLVi model has high accuracy in predicting massive IBL and EAD in DDLT.We should follow the guidance of the IQQA-3D eTLVi model in perioperative management.

Smart all-time vision:The battery-free video communication for urban administration and law enforcement

The Chinese government is dedicated to enhancing the level of informatization in administrative law enforcement to ensure fairness and increase credibility.Currently,law enforcement has exposed such problems as insufficient force,difficulties in collecting evidence,and low evidential power.These problems contradict the principles of rule of law and standardization.Many local governments have implemented advanced information technologies for urban administration and law enforcement,including big data,artificial intelligence,and IoT.Among these technologies,IoT is the core communication infrastructure for innovative law enforcement platforms.However,traditional video communications rely on batteries or dedicated power sources,leading to maintenance challenges and high power consumption.In this paper,we propose AT-Eye,a new video communication paradigm for all-time law enforcement video monitoring,which is battery-free and high-throughput.The key enabler of AT-Eye is ambient backscatter technology,which enables energy harvesting and video communication simultaneously.Unlike previous methods,our proposal introduces a novel CCK-based modulation for tag cameras and achieves 4-way concurrency.The modulation is simple because it uses phase difference and it is energyefficient because generating square waves is adequate.Moreover,to ensure full compatibility with COTS WiFi,we modulate the physical service data unit.Therefore,data recovery is possible using only commercial NICs.We conduct comprehensive experiments to examine our proposal and experiment results show that AT-Eye achieves a throughput of 10.8 Mbps with COTS radios.We also simulate a 16-way battery-free tag camera system,demonstrating AT-Eye’s feasibility of high-definition video communication.

Ring finger protein 157 is a prognostic biomarker and is associated with immune infiltrates in human breast cancer

Background: The protein encoded by ring finger protein 157 (RNF157) is known to function as an E3 ubiquitinligase. However, whether the level of RNF157 expression in breast cancer correlates with prognosis and immune cellinfiltration among breast cancer patients remains to be further explored. Methods: In this study, publicly availabledatasets were used for evaluating RNF157 expression in different tumors compared with normal samples. Severalindependent datasets were screened for investigating the relationship between RNF157 and breast cancer survival,different mutation profiles, and tumor immune cell infiltration. We conducted a pathway enrichment analysis toidentify signaling pathways associated with RNF157. Results: Analysis of public and online databases revealed thatRNF157 expression markedly decreased in breast cancer tissue samples compared to non-carcinoma counterparts.Consistently, immunohistochemistry assays also demonstrated this RNF157 down-regulation in breast cancer samples.RNF157 up-regulation could predict the improved survival of breast cancer cases. Further, different RNF157expression level groups exhibited different mutational profiles. Pathway enrichment profiling of RNF157-related genessuggested its possible involvement in regulating breast cancer via the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)pathway. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data and genomic enrichment analysis showed that RNF157 downregulatedseveral genes positively associated with the MAPK signaling pathway. We also explored RNF157 expression andimmune cell infiltration in breast cancer and found that RNF157 mRNA levels were negatively related to non-Timmune cell infiltration. Conclusion: According to our work, RNF157 may be a promising diagnostic biomarker andtherapeutic target for breast cancer.

The complete plastid genome provides insight into maternal plastid inheritance mode of the living fossil plant Ginkgo biloba

The plastid is widely present in algae and plants with important functions in the process of photosynthesis,carbon fixation,and stress response(Shi et al.,2022).Despite the consistency between plastid genomes in plants,size variation of the plastid genome,gene loss,structure changes,and pseudogenes have been frequently observed(Ivanova et al.,2017).Plastid genome has currently shown a wide application in research of phylogeny,populations and biogeography in combination with nucleus genome(Wang et al.,2021).

Effect of complete revascularization in acute coronary syndrome after 75 years old:insights from the BleeMACS registry

BACKGROUND The prognostic benefit of complete revascularization in elderly patients(aged over 75 years)with multi-vessel disease and acute coronary syndrome(ACS)is currently unclear.This study aimed to determine the long-term prognostic impact of complete revascularization in this population.METHODS We conducted this study using data obtained from the BleeMACS(Bleeding complications in a Multicenter registry of patients discharged after an Acute Coronary Syndrome)registry,which was carried out from 2003 to 2014.The objective was to categorize older patients diagnosed with ACS into two groups:those who underwent complete revascularization and those who did not.Propensity score matching and the Kaplan-Meier analysis were employed to examine differences in one-year clinical outcomes.The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular event(MACE),which encompassed a combination of all-cause mortality and myocardial infarction.RESULTS Out of 1263 patients evaluated,445 patients(35.2%)received complete revascularization.Patients who underwent complete revascularization had a higher prevalence of hypertension and prior percutaneous coronary intervention compared to those who did not.During the one-year follow-up period,complete revascularization was associated with a significantly decreased risk of MACE[13.7%vs.20.5%,hazard ratio(HR)=0.63,95%CI:0.45–0.88,P=0.007]and a lower risk of myocardial infarction(5.9%vs.9.9%,HR=0.55,95%CI:0.33–0.92,P=0.02).However,it was not linked to a lower risk of all-cause death(9.5%vs.13.5%,HR=0.68,95%CI:0.45–1.02,P=0.06).Similar results were observed in the subgroup analysis.CONCLUSIONS Long-term clinical improvements were observed in ACS patients aged over 75 years with multi-vessel disease who achieved complete revascularization.Therefore,adhering to guidelines for complete revascularization should be recommended for elderly patients.

Protocol for the FACE study:frailty and comorbidity in elderly patients—a multicenter,Chinese observational cohort study

The present protocol describes an observational cohort study that was designed to propose a therapeutic scheme and formulate an individualized treatment strategy for frail elderly patients diagnosed with multiple diseases in a Chinese,multicenter setting.Over a 3-year period,we will recruit 30,000 patients from 10 hospitals and collect baseline data including patient demographic information,comorbidity characteristic,FRAIL scale,age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index(aCCI),relevant blood tests,the results of imaging examination,prescription of drugs,length of hospital stay,number of overall re-hospitalizations and death.Elderly patients(≥65 years old)with multimorbidity and receiving hospital care are eligible for this study.Data collection is being performed at baseline and 3,6,9 and 12 months after discharge.Our primary analysis was all-cause death,readmission rate and clinical events(including emergency visits,stroke,heart failure,myocardial infarction,tumor,acute chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,etc).The study is approved by the National Key R&D Program of China(2020YFC2004800).Data will be disseminated in manuscripts submitted to medical journals and in abstracts submitted to international geriatric conferences.Clinical Trial Registration:[www.ClinicalTrials.gov],identifier[ChiCTR2200056070].

增塑剂对聚氯乙烯溶胶凝胶塑化流变性能的影响

研究了不同增塑剂制备的聚氯乙烯(PVC)溶胶复数黏度(η)随温度或时间的流变性能变化情况,并探讨了引起流变性能差异的原因。结果表明,随温度升高或时间延长,η呈先降低,后由缓慢上升至急速上升,形成1个肩峰并达到最大值,最后又逐步减小的非正态分布趋势。各PVC溶胶在流变曲线的前3个阶段,η差异明显——第1阶段,η主要与增塑剂黏度成正比;第2、第3阶段——η主要与增塑剂的增塑效率和溶解度参数有关;第4阶段——约在160℃或30min后,各流变曲线趋于重合,η的大小无明显差异。

脂必泰胶囊治疗非酒精性脂肪肝临床研究

目的观察脂必泰对非酒精性脂肪性肝病(nonalcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD)患者肠道菌群、肝功能、血脂的影响。方法 76例NAFLD患者随机分为对照组和治疗组各38例,对照组口服多烯磷脂酰胆碱胶囊,治疗组加服脂必泰胶囊,4个月为1个疗程。比较两组的肠道菌群数量、肠黏膜屏障功能[二胺氧化酶(DAO)、血清内毒素(ET)、降钙素原(PCT)];检测TNF-α、IL-6、ALT、总胆固醇(TC)和甘油三酯(TG),计算胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR),记录不良反应。结果与治疗前相比,治疗后两组肠杆菌、肠球菌、葡萄球菌数量,ET、DAO、PCT含量,TNF-α、IL-6、HOMA-IR、ALT、AST、TC、TG均明显降低(P<0.05),乳酸菌、双歧杆菌、拟杆菌数量明显增加(P<0.05);治疗组各指标改善均优于对照组(P<0.05)。两组均无明显不良反应出现。结论脂必泰胶囊治疗NAFLD安全有效,值得临床推广。

Consistency Analysis of Detection Results of Two Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) Type II Nucleic Acid Detection Kits

Objective: The objective of the study is to verify the clinical validity of the following kits with the comparative experimental analysis and evaluate whether their performance can meet the clinical requirements, i.e. Class III in vitro diagnostic reagent “Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) Type II Nucleic Acid Detection Kit (PCR-Fluorescence Probe Method)” of Daan Gene Co., Ltd. (Daan kit for short) and “Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) Type II Nucleic Acid Detection Kit (Fluorescence PCR Method)” of Wuhan Biot Gene Co., Ltd. (Biot kit for short). Method: In the study process, the samples were divided into positive and negative groups according to the control test results, and the clinical application performance of Daan kit and Biot kit was evaluated by comparing their test results. Results: The results show that two kits indicate the same test results, i.e. 26 positive and 107 negative samples in a total of 133 male urethral discharge samples, and 32 positive and 238 negative samples in a total of 270 female cervical secretion samples. Conclusion: It can be concluded from the clinical test that Daan and Biot Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) Type II Nuc- leic Acid Test Kits are reliable, accurate, safe, convenient for use, stable and high-value in the clinical application.

肩关节镜引导下肩胛上神经阻滞在肩袖损伤术后镇痛中的疗效分析

目的比较关节镜引导下肩胛上神经阻滞与超声引导下肌间沟臂丛神经阻滞联合全麻在肩关节镜下肩袖修补术后48 h的镇痛效果。方法选择该院2018年4月-2018年6月侧卧位下行肩关节镜择期手术的患者50例,按随机数字表法随机分为A、B两组,各25例,均行气管插管全身麻醉,A组在全身麻醉后肩关节镜引导下用0.2%罗哌卡因20 ml行肩胛上神经阻滞,B组全身麻醉后在超声引导下用0.2%罗哌卡因20 ml行肌间沟神经阻滞。比较两组患者术后2、4、8、12、24和48 h静息状态下视觉模拟评分(VAS)、术后48 h内非甾体类止痛药用量、术后不良反应和术后48 h镇痛满意度。结果A组和B组患者术后2、4、8、12、24和48 h的VAS评分分别为1(0.0,1.0)和1(0.0,2.0)分、1(1.0,1.5)和1(1.0,2.0)分、(2.52±1.48)和(3.80±2.60)分、(3.32±1.55)和(4.68±2.30)分、(2.60±1.35)和(3.56±1.39)分、(2.28±0.94)和(2.92±1.96)分;两组术后2、4和48 h的VAS评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),术后8、12和24 h两组VAS评分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者术后镇痛药氟比洛芬酯使用量分别为(62.00±38.94)和(92.00±49.33)mg,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);A组哌替啶使用率比B组少,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后48 h内A组患肢麻木感发生率为0.00%(0/25),B组术后均有麻木感,48 h内麻木感逐渐消失;两组术后48 h镇痛满意度评分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论关节镜引导下肩胛上神经阻滞与常规超声引导下肌间沟臂丛神经阻滞比较,前者应用于肩关节镜术后8、12和24 h镇痛效果较好,副作用小,有利于早期康复,更易被患者接受。

弹性体对微发泡聚丙烯复合材料发泡行为的影响

以化学发泡为主线,在聚丙烯(PP)基体中添加弹性体三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)制备微发泡聚丙烯复合材料。利用旋转流变仪、差示扫描量热法和扫描电镜等手段,系统地研究EPDM对微发泡PP材料发泡行为的影响。结果表明,EPDM的加入提高了PP材料的熔体强度,对PP材料发泡质量有明显改善;同时使PP复合材料的降温结晶峰向高温移动,能有效抑制泡孔的变形及并泡等恶化现象。当EPDM的质量分数为20%时,泡孔形态较为理想,其泡孔直径和泡孔密度分别为14.43μm,2.49×10^(7)cm^(-3)。与未加EPDM的微发泡PP复合材料比较,EPDM的加入能够拓宽发泡PP复合材料的发泡温度窗口,发泡温度范围为180~195℃。

ABS高胶粉对发泡聚乳酸复合材料发泡质量及性能的影响

以化学发泡为主线,制备了发泡聚乳酸(PLA)复合材料,通过差示扫描量热分析、扫描电镜、动态力学热分析、热重分析等,研究了ABS高胶粉(ABSHR)对发泡PLA复合材料发泡质量、力学性能的影响规律。结果表明,随着ABSHR含量的增加,发泡PLA/ABSHR复合材料的结晶性能增强、熔体强度提高,发泡PLA复合材料的发泡质量明显改善;添加20%ABSHR的发泡PLA复合材料,其冲击强度达到14.31kJ/m^2,比未添加ABSHR的发泡PLA复合材料提高了221.6%;ABSHR的加入显著提高了发泡体系的热稳定性,拓宽了聚乳酸的应用范围。

一种2~18 GHz超宽带模拟控温微波光发射机设计

针对当前数字控温的光发射机会引入无法消除的杂散干扰信号问题,设计了一款具有电路精简、结构小巧和功耗低等特点的模拟控温微波光发射机,并给出了光发射机的组成和各模块的详细设计电路。根据直接调制原理搭建了微波链路模拟测试系统,测试了模拟控温光发射机的S散射参数、杂散抑制比、谐波抑制比和系统噪声系数等重要指标参数。测试结果表明:S散射参数链路增益≥-25 dB,增益平坦度为±2 dB;杂散抑制比大于90 dB,杂散信号基本淹没在系统底噪中;谐波抑制比超过50 dB,达到了67 dB左右;噪声系数控制在2 GHz@35 dB~18 GHz@56 dB水平,完全满足实际使用要求。