Objective:Postpartum weight retention(PPWR)is a common problem among women after childbirth.The main objectives of this study are to understand the changes in body weight of breastfeeding mothers during long-term foll...Objective:Postpartum weight retention(PPWR)is a common problem among women after childbirth.The main objectives of this study are to understand the changes in body weight of breastfeeding mothers during long-term follow-up and preliminarily explore the relationship between maternal body weight and human milk composition,including macronutrients,leptin,and adiponectin.Methods:The study included a longitudinal cohort(122 mothers),and a cross-sectional cohort(37 mothers).The human milk,maternal weight,and dietary surveys were collected in the longitudinal cohort at different follow-up time points(1-14 days postpartum,2-4 months postpartum,5-7 months postpartum,and 12-17 months postpartum).The maternal body weight was analyzed using the responses in the survey questionnaires.A milk analyzer based on the mid-infrared spectroscopy(MIRS)was used to determine milk composition,and nutrition analysis software evaluated dietary intakes.In the cross-sectional cohort,participating mothers were asked to provide blood and human milk samples and pertinent information related to maternal body composition.Maternal body composition was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis(BIA),while ELISA analyzed leptin and adiponectin in milk and serum.Results:At 5-7 months postpartum,the PPWR of breastfeeding mothers was(2.46±3.59)kg.At 12-17 months postpartum,the PPWR was(0.98±4.06)kg.PPWR was found to be negatively correlated with milk fat content within 14 days postpartum and positively correlated at 2-4 months postpartum.In addition,the maternal weight and body muscle mass were positively correlated with leptin and adiponectin in milk.Plasma leptin was positively correlated with the mother’s body weight,body mass index(BMI),FAT percentage,and body fat mass,while plasma adiponectin did not correlate with any parameter.The results also indicate that the PPWR did not correlate with leptin and adiponectin in plasma or milk.Conclusions:Breastfeeding mothers may retain considerable weight gain one year after delivery.Human milk composition may be related to changes in maternal body weight.Leptin and adiponectin in breast milk and leptin in plasma are associated with the maternal body composition.This study supports the notion that maternal nutritional status may affect offspring health through lactation,and future research should focus on exploring weight management of postpartum mothers.展开更多
Ginger,the rhizomes of Zingiber officinale Roscoe,was a wellknown edible plant species commonly used in China,which has pungent flavor[1].Ginger has numerous chemical compounds,such as phenolic constituents,volatile c...Ginger,the rhizomes of Zingiber officinale Roscoe,was a wellknown edible plant species commonly used in China,which has pungent flavor[1].Ginger has numerous chemical compounds,such as phenolic constituents,volatile compounds(VOCs),and polysaccharides[2].Among them,VOCs are considered one of the effective compounds in ginger due to their functional properties,including anti-inflammatory,antioxidant,and analgesic[3].展开更多
Research on the biomineralization in modern seafloor hydrothermal systems is conducive to unveiling the mysteries of the early Earth’s history, life evolution, subsurface biosphere and microbes in outer space. The hy...Research on the biomineralization in modern seafloor hydrothermal systems is conducive to unveiling the mysteries of the early Earth’s history, life evolution, subsurface biosphere and microbes in outer space. The hydrothermal biomineralization has become a focus of geo-biological research in the last decade, since the introduction of the microelectronic technology and molecular biology technology. Microorganisms play a critical role in the formations of oxide/hydroxides (e.g. Fe, Mn, S and Si oxide/hydroxides) and silicates on the seafloor hydrothermal systems globally. Furthermore, the biomineralization of modern chemolithoautotrophic microorganisms is regarded as a nexus between the geosphere and the biosphere, and as an essential complement of bioscience and geology. In this paper, we summarize the research progress of hydrothermal biomineralization, including the biogenic minerals, the microbial biodiversity, and also the interactions between minerals and microorganisms. In the foreseeable future, the research on hydrothermal biomineralization will inspire the development of geosciences and biosciences and thus enrich our knowledge of the Earth’s history, life evolution and even astrobiology.展开更多
1.Objective Natural gas hydrates are considered as a potential alternative fuel resource to petroleum and gas (Chong ZR et al.,2016),which can be exploited by means of depressurization,thermal method,inhibitor injecti...1.Objective Natural gas hydrates are considered as a potential alternative fuel resource to petroleum and gas (Chong ZR et al.,2016),which can be exploited by means of depressurization,thermal method,inhibitor injection,etc.For the thermal method,gas hydrates are decomposed into water and methane when the reservoir is heated to above the equilibrium temperature of gas hydrate (Li X et al.,2016). However,the thermal recovery method needs a great deal of heat,and thus the feasibility of economic exploitation is reduced.展开更多
基金supported by grants from the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition(17dz2272000)Foundation of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission(Key weak discipline construction project 2019ZB0101)the Scientific research fund of China Nutrition Society(CNSHPNK2021-16)。
文摘Objective:Postpartum weight retention(PPWR)is a common problem among women after childbirth.The main objectives of this study are to understand the changes in body weight of breastfeeding mothers during long-term follow-up and preliminarily explore the relationship between maternal body weight and human milk composition,including macronutrients,leptin,and adiponectin.Methods:The study included a longitudinal cohort(122 mothers),and a cross-sectional cohort(37 mothers).The human milk,maternal weight,and dietary surveys were collected in the longitudinal cohort at different follow-up time points(1-14 days postpartum,2-4 months postpartum,5-7 months postpartum,and 12-17 months postpartum).The maternal body weight was analyzed using the responses in the survey questionnaires.A milk analyzer based on the mid-infrared spectroscopy(MIRS)was used to determine milk composition,and nutrition analysis software evaluated dietary intakes.In the cross-sectional cohort,participating mothers were asked to provide blood and human milk samples and pertinent information related to maternal body composition.Maternal body composition was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis(BIA),while ELISA analyzed leptin and adiponectin in milk and serum.Results:At 5-7 months postpartum,the PPWR of breastfeeding mothers was(2.46±3.59)kg.At 12-17 months postpartum,the PPWR was(0.98±4.06)kg.PPWR was found to be negatively correlated with milk fat content within 14 days postpartum and positively correlated at 2-4 months postpartum.In addition,the maternal weight and body muscle mass were positively correlated with leptin and adiponectin in milk.Plasma leptin was positively correlated with the mother’s body weight,body mass index(BMI),FAT percentage,and body fat mass,while plasma adiponectin did not correlate with any parameter.The results also indicate that the PPWR did not correlate with leptin and adiponectin in plasma or milk.Conclusions:Breastfeeding mothers may retain considerable weight gain one year after delivery.Human milk composition may be related to changes in maternal body weight.Leptin and adiponectin in breast milk and leptin in plasma are associated with the maternal body composition.This study supports the notion that maternal nutritional status may affect offspring health through lactation,and future research should focus on exploring weight management of postpartum mothers.
基金funded by Key R&D Program of Shandong Province(Program No.:2021CXGC010508)Science,Education and Industry Integration Innovation Pilot Project from Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences)(Project No.:2022JBZ02-04)+1 种基金The new innovative team of Jinan(Project No.:202228020)Shandong Province Taishan Scholar Program(Project No.:tstp20221138).
文摘Ginger,the rhizomes of Zingiber officinale Roscoe,was a wellknown edible plant species commonly used in China,which has pungent flavor[1].Ginger has numerous chemical compounds,such as phenolic constituents,volatile compounds(VOCs),and polysaccharides[2].Among them,VOCs are considered one of the effective compounds in ginger due to their functional properties,including anti-inflammatory,antioxidant,and analgesic[3].
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (91858208, 41606086, 41606087)National Key Basic Research and Development Program of China 2017YFC0307704)the Marine Geological Survey Program of China Geological Survey (DD20190819).
文摘Research on the biomineralization in modern seafloor hydrothermal systems is conducive to unveiling the mysteries of the early Earth’s history, life evolution, subsurface biosphere and microbes in outer space. The hydrothermal biomineralization has become a focus of geo-biological research in the last decade, since the introduction of the microelectronic technology and molecular biology technology. Microorganisms play a critical role in the formations of oxide/hydroxides (e.g. Fe, Mn, S and Si oxide/hydroxides) and silicates on the seafloor hydrothermal systems globally. Furthermore, the biomineralization of modern chemolithoautotrophic microorganisms is regarded as a nexus between the geosphere and the biosphere, and as an essential complement of bioscience and geology. In this paper, we summarize the research progress of hydrothermal biomineralization, including the biogenic minerals, the microbial biodiversity, and also the interactions between minerals and microorganisms. In the foreseeable future, the research on hydrothermal biomineralization will inspire the development of geosciences and biosciences and thus enrich our knowledge of the Earth’s history, life evolution and even astrobiology.
基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB06020204)Natural Science Foundation of China (41606087 and 91858208)the Marine Geological Survey project of China Geological Survey (DD20160218).
文摘1.Objective Natural gas hydrates are considered as a potential alternative fuel resource to petroleum and gas (Chong ZR et al.,2016),which can be exploited by means of depressurization,thermal method,inhibitor injection,etc.For the thermal method,gas hydrates are decomposed into water and methane when the reservoir is heated to above the equilibrium temperature of gas hydrate (Li X et al.,2016). However,the thermal recovery method needs a great deal of heat,and thus the feasibility of economic exploitation is reduced.
