甘肃省成人血脂异常患病率及其危险因素调查

目的调查甘肃省成人血脂异常的患病率及危险因素。方法采用分层整群随机抽样的方法,选取中国甘肃省汉族、回族、藏族、裕固族、东乡族、保安族的31 417人为研究对象,对甘肃省成人血脂异常患病率及其危险因素进行分析。结果本调查高总胆固醇(TC)标化后患病率为6.6%,高甘油三酯(TG)标化后患病率为20.3%,高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)标化后患病率为3.6%,低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)标化后患病率为19.7%,血脂异常标化后患病率为36.8%。城市人口血脂异常患病率明显高于农村人口(P<0..05)。汉族、回族、藏族、裕固族、东乡族、保安族的成人血脂异常发病率分别为38.3%、38.5%、25.8%、40.3%、27.0%、30.7%。Logistic回归分析显示,血脂各组分异常与性别、年龄、超重、肥胖、腹部肥胖、吸烟、家族史、城市、糖尿病、高血压相关。结论甘肃省成人血脂异常患病率较高,且血脂异常的主要类型为低HDL-C和高TG。需要有效策略防治这一地区血脂异常的流行。

先天性肾性尿崩症家系研究

目的探讨AVPR2基因突变所致先天性肾性尿崩症一家系的临床特征,提高对先天性肾性尿崩症的认识。方法收集先证者及其家系成员病史和外周血标本,通过生化检查、禁水—加压素试验、磁共振成像和基因检测,确诊为X-连锁隐性先天性肾性尿崩症。结果基因检测发现该家系AVPR2基因第2外显子存在1处突变,为c.1009C>T(p.R337X)无义突变,该位点突变致先证者、其弟和母亲都有尿崩症的临床表现。结论多尿、多饮及低比重尿是先天性肾性尿崩症的临床特征,基因检测可以精准诊断,并可指导优生优育。

Stability of growth periods traits for soybean cultivars across multiple locations

The growth periods（GPs, from planting/emergence to reproductive stage 8（R8） of soybean cultivars vary in different ecological regions, especially in China with a very complex soybean cropping system. In this study, a 3-yr experimental study was undertaken in three geographical locations of China from 2008 to 2010, including the Northeast（40.66-45.85°N）, Huang-Huai（34.75-38.04°N） and southern（22.82-30.60°N） eco-regions with about 250 accessions in each region to clarify the classification of maturity group（MG） and identify the cultivars with stable GP to increase the knowledge about the GP distribution of soybean cultivars in China. GPs of soybean cultivars in different eco-regions were significant different with a gradual decrease from 115-125 d in the Northeast part to the 85-100 d in the southern part of China. The geographical location was the major factor for GP of cultivars from the Northeast, while the year of planting was the major factor affecting the stability of GPs in Huang-Huai summer and southern summer soybean. AMMI2（additive main effects and multiplicativeinteraction）-Biplot analysis showed that the GPs of soybean cultivars from the Northeast eco-region have a comparatively satisfactory environmental stability. Moreover, soybean cultivars with moderate GP/MG and stable environment adaptability in different eco-regions were identified based on the linear regression and AMMI analysis, which was important for the accurate classification of soybean MGs in future. Taken together, our results reflected the genetic diversity, geographical distribution and environmental stability of the Chinese soybean GP trait. Soybean cultivars with stable GP for various Chinese eco-regions would be beneficial for Chinese soybean genetic improvement, varietal introduction, exchange, and soybean breeding program for wide adaptability.

北京地区冠心病患者低盐低脂饮食行为现状及影响因素

目的探索和分析北京地区冠心病患者低盐低脂饮食行为现状以及影响因素。方法以2016年6月至2019年5月北京市某医院就诊的明确诊断为冠心病的患者为研究对象进行问卷调查,调查问卷由研究组自行制定,内容包括基本情况、饮酒、饮酒情况、低盐低脂饮食行为知晓情况、负性情绪状况、低盐低脂饮食行为情况。采用描述流行病学分析方法对冠心病患者低盐低脂饮食行为情况进行分析,并采用单、多因素分析方法对冠心病患者低盐低脂饮食行为影响因素进行分析。结果本研究共对4968例北京地区冠心病患者低盐低脂饮食行为情况调查结果进行分析,患者年龄18~75岁,以60~75岁为主,占57.29%,男女性别比为1.06∶1。1424例患者执行低盐低脂饮食行为,占28.66%。多因素Logistic回归模型,结果显示,女性(OR=1.718)、文化程度初中及高中、大专及以上(OR=1.388、1.340)、已婚有配偶(OR=1.531)、知晓低盐低脂饮食知识(OR=1.442)的冠心病患者执行低盐低饮食行为的可能性较高,重度抑郁(OR=0.953)、饮酒(OR=0.502)、吸烟(OR=0.340)的冠心病患者执行低盐低饮食行为的可能性较低。结论北京地区冠心病患者低盐低脂饮食情况执行效果较差,影响低盐低脂饮食行为的影响因素有性别、文化程度、婚姻状态、低盐低脂饮食知晓情况、负性情绪、饮酒及吸烟,建议健康管理部门对此人群开始针对性措施,改善该人群饮食习惯,避免心脑血管不良事件的再发生。