Background Evaluation of fetal central nervous system （CNS） agenesis by ultrasonography （US） is frequently limited, but magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） has its own advantages and is gaining popularity in displa...Background Evaluation of fetal central nervous system （CNS） agenesis by ultrasonography （US） is frequently limited, but magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） has its own advantages and is gaining popularity in displaying suspected fetal anomalies. The purpose of this study was to explore the value of MRI in detecting fetal CNS agenesls. Methods Thirty-four women （aged from 22 to 35 years, average 27 years） with complicated pregnancies （16-- 39 weeks of gestation, average 30 weeks） were examined with a 1.5 T superconductive MR unit within 24 hours after ultrasonography. Half-Fourier acquisition single-shot turbo spin-echo （HASTE） T2-weighted imaging （T2WI） sequence were performed in all patients, and fast low angle shot （FLASH） T1-weighted imaging （T1WI） sequence were applied sequentially in seven of them. Comparison of the results was made between the MRI and US findings as well as autopsy or postnatal follow-up MRI findings. Results The gyms, sulcus, corpus callosum, thalamus, cerebellum, brainstem, and spinal cord of fetus were shown more clearly on T2-weighted MR images than on T1-weighted MR images. MRI corrected the diagnosis of US in 10 cases （10/34, 29.41%） and the diagnosis was missed only in 1 case （1/34, 2.94%）. Conclusion MRI has advantages to US in detecting fetal CNS anomalies and is a supplement to US in complicated pregnancies.展开更多
Qi, blood and the meridians are fundamental concepts in Chinese medicine（CM）, which are components of the human body and maintain physiological function. Pathological changes of qi, blood and meridians may lead to d...Qi, blood and the meridians are fundamental concepts in Chinese medicine（CM）, which are components of the human body and maintain physiological function. Pathological changes of qi, blood and meridians may lead to discomfort and disease. Treatment with acupuncture or herbal medicine aims to regulate qi and blood so as to recover normal function of the meridians. This paper explores the nature of qi as well as compares and correlates them with the structures of the human body. We propose a conceptualization of qi as being similar to the interstitial fluid, and the meridians as being similar to interstitial space of low hydraulic resistance in the body. Hence, qi running in the meridians can be understood as interstitial fluid flowing via interstitial space of low hydraulic resistance.展开更多
文摘Background Evaluation of fetal central nervous system （CNS） agenesis by ultrasonography （US） is frequently limited, but magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） has its own advantages and is gaining popularity in displaying suspected fetal anomalies. The purpose of this study was to explore the value of MRI in detecting fetal CNS agenesls. Methods Thirty-four women （aged from 22 to 35 years, average 27 years） with complicated pregnancies （16-- 39 weeks of gestation, average 30 weeks） were examined with a 1.5 T superconductive MR unit within 24 hours after ultrasonography. Half-Fourier acquisition single-shot turbo spin-echo （HASTE） T2-weighted imaging （T2WI） sequence were performed in all patients, and fast low angle shot （FLASH） T1-weighted imaging （T1WI） sequence were applied sequentially in seven of them. Comparison of the results was made between the MRI and US findings as well as autopsy or postnatal follow-up MRI findings. Results The gyms, sulcus, corpus callosum, thalamus, cerebellum, brainstem, and spinal cord of fetus were shown more clearly on T2-weighted MR images than on T1-weighted MR images. MRI corrected the diagnosis of US in 10 cases （10/34, 29.41%） and the diagnosis was missed only in 1 case （1/34, 2.94%）. Conclusion MRI has advantages to US in detecting fetal CNS anomalies and is a supplement to US in complicated pregnancies.
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program,No.2015CB554502)ENN Group Research Project(No.20160013)
文摘Qi, blood and the meridians are fundamental concepts in Chinese medicine（CM）, which are components of the human body and maintain physiological function. Pathological changes of qi, blood and meridians may lead to discomfort and disease. Treatment with acupuncture or herbal medicine aims to regulate qi and blood so as to recover normal function of the meridians. This paper explores the nature of qi as well as compares and correlates them with the structures of the human body. We propose a conceptualization of qi as being similar to the interstitial fluid, and the meridians as being similar to interstitial space of low hydraulic resistance in the body. Hence, qi running in the meridians can be understood as interstitial fluid flowing via interstitial space of low hydraulic resistance.
