针对目前靶场炮弹火焰图像分割算法对火焰边界分割效果差而导致定位精度下降的问题,基于PSPNet算法,结合双向特征融合模块以及全注意力机制网络的特征金字塔转换模块,提出改进PSPNet的炮弹火焰分割PSP_FPT(pyramid scene parsing_featur...针对目前靶场炮弹火焰图像分割算法对火焰边界分割效果差而导致定位精度下降的问题,基于PSPNet算法,结合双向特征融合模块以及全注意力机制网络的特征金字塔转换模块,提出改进PSPNet的炮弹火焰分割PSP_FPT(pyramid scene parsing_feature pyramid with Transformer)算法,实现对炮弹火焰目标的高精度分割。利用双向特征融合模块对金字塔池化后的特征进行双向融合,增强各子区域以及全局目标空间和语义特征的相关性,提升炮弹火焰分割的准确性。为了避免火焰周围烟雾、扬尘对分割效果的影响,将特征金字塔转换模块与全注意力机制网络相结合,优化双向特征融合模块输出后的特征映射,提升区域内目标之间的空间结构关系;提高算法对炮弹火焰目标与背景干扰之间的辨别力,进一步提高算法的识别能力。将全局池化后的特征作为全注意力机制网络的输入,解决了由于图像输入序列过长导致全注意力机制网络参数量过大的问题,进而降低工程应用的实现难度。实验结果表明,该算法在炮弹火焰数据集上分割的平均交并比达98.01%,平均准确率达98.97%,对炮弹火焰分割有较强的鲁棒性和较高的准确率。展开更多
The yield of wheat in wheat–rice rotation cropping systems in the Yangtze River Plain, China, is adversely impacted by waterlogging. A raised bed planting(RBP) pattern may reduce waterlogging and increase the wheat y...The yield of wheat in wheat–rice rotation cropping systems in the Yangtze River Plain, China, is adversely impacted by waterlogging. A raised bed planting(RBP) pattern may reduce waterlogging and increase the wheat yield after rice cultivation by improving the grain number per spike. However, the physiological basis for grain formation under RBP conditions remains poorly understood. The present study was performed over two growing seasons(2018/2019and 2019/2020) to examine the effects of the planting pattern(i.e., RBP and flat planting(FP)) on the floret and grain formation features and leaf photosynthetic source characteristics of wheat. The results indicated that implementation of the RBP pattern improved the soil–plant nitrogen(N) supply during floret development, which facilitated balanced floret development, resulting in a 9.5% increase in the number of fertile florets per spike. Moreover, the RBP pattern delayed wheat leaf senescence and increased the photosynthetic source capacity by 13.9%, which produced more assimilates for grain filling. Delayed leaf senescence was attributed to the resultant high leaf N content and enhanced antioxidant metabolism. Correspondingly, under RBP conditions, 7.6–8.6% more grains per spike were recorded, and the grain yield was ultimately enhanced by 10.4–12.7%. These results demonstrate that the improvement of the spike differentiation process and the enhancement of the leaf photosynthetic capacity were the main reasons for the increased grain number per spike of wheat under the RBP pattern, and additional improvements in this technique should be achievable through further investigation.展开更多
文摘针对目前靶场炮弹火焰图像分割算法对火焰边界分割效果差而导致定位精度下降的问题,基于PSPNet算法,结合双向特征融合模块以及全注意力机制网络的特征金字塔转换模块,提出改进PSPNet的炮弹火焰分割PSP_FPT(pyramid scene parsing_feature pyramid with Transformer)算法,实现对炮弹火焰目标的高精度分割。利用双向特征融合模块对金字塔池化后的特征进行双向融合,增强各子区域以及全局目标空间和语义特征的相关性,提升炮弹火焰分割的准确性。为了避免火焰周围烟雾、扬尘对分割效果的影响,将特征金字塔转换模块与全注意力机制网络相结合,优化双向特征融合模块输出后的特征映射,提升区域内目标之间的空间结构关系;提高算法对炮弹火焰目标与背景干扰之间的辨别力,进一步提高算法的识别能力。将全局池化后的特征作为全注意力机制网络的输入,解决了由于图像输入序列过长导致全注意力机制网络参数量过大的问题,进而降低工程应用的实现难度。实验结果表明,该算法在炮弹火焰数据集上分割的平均交并比达98.01%,平均准确率达98.97%,对炮弹火焰分割有较强的鲁棒性和较高的准确率。
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFD0301306 and 2018YFD0300906)。
文摘The yield of wheat in wheat–rice rotation cropping systems in the Yangtze River Plain, China, is adversely impacted by waterlogging. A raised bed planting(RBP) pattern may reduce waterlogging and increase the wheat yield after rice cultivation by improving the grain number per spike. However, the physiological basis for grain formation under RBP conditions remains poorly understood. The present study was performed over two growing seasons(2018/2019and 2019/2020) to examine the effects of the planting pattern(i.e., RBP and flat planting(FP)) on the floret and grain formation features and leaf photosynthetic source characteristics of wheat. The results indicated that implementation of the RBP pattern improved the soil–plant nitrogen(N) supply during floret development, which facilitated balanced floret development, resulting in a 9.5% increase in the number of fertile florets per spike. Moreover, the RBP pattern delayed wheat leaf senescence and increased the photosynthetic source capacity by 13.9%, which produced more assimilates for grain filling. Delayed leaf senescence was attributed to the resultant high leaf N content and enhanced antioxidant metabolism. Correspondingly, under RBP conditions, 7.6–8.6% more grains per spike were recorded, and the grain yield was ultimately enhanced by 10.4–12.7%. These results demonstrate that the improvement of the spike differentiation process and the enhancement of the leaf photosynthetic capacity were the main reasons for the increased grain number per spike of wheat under the RBP pattern, and additional improvements in this technique should be achievable through further investigation.
