aSoil degradation caused by soil erosion is one of the world's most critical environmental issues.Soil erosion in the Tianshan Mountains has caused various environmental problems in the surrounding areas.This stud...aSoil degradation caused by soil erosion is one of the world's most critical environmental issues.Soil erosion in the Tianshan Mountains has caused various environmental problems in the surrounding areas.This study used remote sensing data to analyze the distribution of the factors influencing soil erosion,and the revised universal soil loss equation(RUSLE)to calculate the total amount and distribution characteristics of soil erosion in the Tianshan Mountains in 2019.Due to the large error of RUSLE in soil erosion estimation in mountainous areas,this study modified RUSLE equation based on the characteristics of snow cover in the Tianshan Mountains.The results show that the average soil erosion was 1690.3 t/(km^(2)·year),of which insignificant erosion,slight erosion and moderate erosion accounted for 42,8%,22.4%and 9.9%,respectively.Severe erosion and above accounted for 13.3%.The accuracy of the soil erosion modulus calculated by the RUSLE was only 61.9%,with an average error of 1631.9 t/(km^(2)·year).The average error of the double-coefficient correction method was 1259.1 t/(km^(2)·year),and the average error of the modified formula method was reduced by 40.3%compared with the RUSLE,reaching 973.7 t/(km^(2)·year),and its accuracy reached 76.2%.Very severe erosion and catastrophic erosion are distributed on mountain ridges with higher elevation and on the northern area with higher precipitation.Snow cover has a certain inhibitory effect on soil erosion,and snow cover in alpine mountains is a factor that cannot be ignored in soil erosion research.展开更多
目的探讨定制个体化可视化健康教育在缺血性卒中患者中的应用效果,为提升卒中医疗质量提供理论依据。方法采用便利抽样法,抽取2020年1—5月在首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院血管神经病学病区住院的缺血性卒中患者为对照组;2020年8—12月...目的探讨定制个体化可视化健康教育在缺血性卒中患者中的应用效果,为提升卒中医疗质量提供理论依据。方法采用便利抽样法,抽取2020年1—5月在首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院血管神经病学病区住院的缺血性卒中患者为对照组;2020年8—12月住院的缺血性卒中患者为干预组。对照组采用常规健康宣教方式,干预组采用基于医院信息系统定制的个体化可视化健康教育形式。比较两组干预前后卒中防治知识的掌握程度,以及出院时和出院后1个月、3个月和6个月的自我效能、用药依从性、生活质量情况。结果共纳入100例缺血性卒中患者,对照组44例,干预组46例。干预组出院时卒中相关健康知识问卷评分高于对照组[(82.1±10.6)分vs.(54.3±6.7)分,P<0.001],干预组一般自我效能量表(general self-efficacy scale,GSES)评分出院后3个月[(3.5±0.4)分vs.(3.3±0.3)分,P=0.009]、6个月[(3.7±0.4)分vs.(3.4±0.3)分,P<0.001]均高于对照组;干预组8条目Morisky用药依从性量表(Morisky medication adherence scale-8,MMAS-8)评分出院后1个月[(7.2±0.6)分vs.(7.5±0.5)分,P=0.005]、3个月[(6.6±0.8)分vs.(7.0±0.8)分,P=0.013]、6个月[(4.9±1.2)分vs.(6.2±1.4)分,P<0.001]均高于对照组;干预组卒中专用生活质量(stroke specific quality of life,SS-QOL)评分出院后1个月[(135.9±38.6)分vs.(173.4±29.9)分,P<0.001]、3个月[(147.0±39.5)分vs.(187.3±28.3)分,P<0.001]、6个月[(153.2±40.7)分vs.(197.4±27.7)分,P<0.001]均高于对照组。结论定制个体化可视化健康教育可提高缺血性卒中患者的卒中防治知识掌握程度、自我效能、用药依从性和生活质量,为卒中患者健康教育的规范实施提供参考。展开更多
基金supported by the Third Xinjiang Scientific Expedition and Research Program (Grant No. 2022xjkk0602)National Cryosphere Desert Data Center (No. 2021kf02)Xinjiang Jiaotou’s Unveiling and Commanding System Project in 2021 (ZKXFWCG 2022060004)。
文摘aSoil degradation caused by soil erosion is one of the world's most critical environmental issues.Soil erosion in the Tianshan Mountains has caused various environmental problems in the surrounding areas.This study used remote sensing data to analyze the distribution of the factors influencing soil erosion,and the revised universal soil loss equation(RUSLE)to calculate the total amount and distribution characteristics of soil erosion in the Tianshan Mountains in 2019.Due to the large error of RUSLE in soil erosion estimation in mountainous areas,this study modified RUSLE equation based on the characteristics of snow cover in the Tianshan Mountains.The results show that the average soil erosion was 1690.3 t/(km^(2)·year),of which insignificant erosion,slight erosion and moderate erosion accounted for 42,8%,22.4%and 9.9%,respectively.Severe erosion and above accounted for 13.3%.The accuracy of the soil erosion modulus calculated by the RUSLE was only 61.9%,with an average error of 1631.9 t/(km^(2)·year).The average error of the double-coefficient correction method was 1259.1 t/(km^(2)·year),and the average error of the modified formula method was reduced by 40.3%compared with the RUSLE,reaching 973.7 t/(km^(2)·year),and its accuracy reached 76.2%.Very severe erosion and catastrophic erosion are distributed on mountain ridges with higher elevation and on the northern area with higher precipitation.Snow cover has a certain inhibitory effect on soil erosion,and snow cover in alpine mountains is a factor that cannot be ignored in soil erosion research.
文摘目的探讨定制个体化可视化健康教育在缺血性卒中患者中的应用效果,为提升卒中医疗质量提供理论依据。方法采用便利抽样法,抽取2020年1—5月在首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院血管神经病学病区住院的缺血性卒中患者为对照组;2020年8—12月住院的缺血性卒中患者为干预组。对照组采用常规健康宣教方式,干预组采用基于医院信息系统定制的个体化可视化健康教育形式。比较两组干预前后卒中防治知识的掌握程度,以及出院时和出院后1个月、3个月和6个月的自我效能、用药依从性、生活质量情况。结果共纳入100例缺血性卒中患者,对照组44例,干预组46例。干预组出院时卒中相关健康知识问卷评分高于对照组[(82.1±10.6)分vs.(54.3±6.7)分,P<0.001],干预组一般自我效能量表(general self-efficacy scale,GSES)评分出院后3个月[(3.5±0.4)分vs.(3.3±0.3)分,P=0.009]、6个月[(3.7±0.4)分vs.(3.4±0.3)分,P<0.001]均高于对照组;干预组8条目Morisky用药依从性量表(Morisky medication adherence scale-8,MMAS-8)评分出院后1个月[(7.2±0.6)分vs.(7.5±0.5)分,P=0.005]、3个月[(6.6±0.8)分vs.(7.0±0.8)分,P=0.013]、6个月[(4.9±1.2)分vs.(6.2±1.4)分,P<0.001]均高于对照组;干预组卒中专用生活质量(stroke specific quality of life,SS-QOL)评分出院后1个月[(135.9±38.6)分vs.(173.4±29.9)分,P<0.001]、3个月[(147.0±39.5)分vs.(187.3±28.3)分,P<0.001]、6个月[(153.2±40.7)分vs.(197.4±27.7)分,P<0.001]均高于对照组。结论定制个体化可视化健康教育可提高缺血性卒中患者的卒中防治知识掌握程度、自我效能、用药依从性和生活质量,为卒中患者健康教育的规范实施提供参考。
