Determination of Protein and Starch Content in Whole Maize Kernel by Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy

Using 128 bulk-kernel samples of inbred lines and hybrids, a study was conducted toinvestigate the feasibility and method of measuring protein and starch contents inintact seeds of maize by near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS). The chemometricalgorithms of partial least square (PLS) regression was used. The results indicated thatthe calibration models developed by the spectral data pretreatment of firstderivative+multivariate scattering correction within the spectral region of 10000-4000cm-1, and first derivative + straight line subtraction in 9000-4000cm-1 were thebest for protein and starch, respectively. All these models yielded coefficients ofdetermination of calibration (R2cal) above 0.97, while R2cv and R2val of cross and externalvalidation ranged from 0.92 to 0.95, respectively; however, the root of mean squareerrors of calibration, cross and external validation (RMSEE, RMSECV and RMSEP) werebelow 1(ranged 0.3-0.7),respectively. This study demonstrated that it is feasible touse NIRS as a rapid, accurate, and none-destructive technique to predict protein andstarch contents of whole kernel in the maize quality improvement program.

郑58/opaque2近等基因系中opaque2基因突变位点分析与高效分子标记开发

opaque2突变体材料是最常用的高赖氨酸玉米供体。对已获得的郑58/o2近等基因系研究表明,胚乳发育不同时期22-kDα-醇溶蛋白的积累均明显低于郑58。荧光定量PCR结果表明,α-醇溶蛋白家族基因Z1A、Z1B、Z1C和Z1D的表达均显著低于郑58。郑58/o2胚乳发育不同时期Opaque2基因均正常表达。测序分析发现,郑58/o2中o2基因ATG后713 bp处缺失10个碱基,ORF预测Opaque2蛋白翻译提前终止。针对突变缺失位点开发基因内分子标记o2-indel-1,利用该标记进行回交转育,结果表明,o2-indel-1与o2突变表型完全连锁,错选率为0。opaque2基因突变位点的解析有助于高效分子标记的开发,有效降低错选率,提高优质蛋白鲜食玉米多基因聚合育种的选择效率。